Different Squatting Modes in the Rehabilitation of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

NCT ID: NCT06592898

Last Updated: 2024-09-19

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 84 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-10-01
• Study Completion Date: 2023-12-01

Brief Summary

This study take 84 patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome in Peking University Third Hospital during January to September in 2023 as subjects, aiming to explore the efficacy and intervention effects of three different static squat modes including straight leg raise, wall squat, direct squat and wall squat assisted by elastic bands for patients with PFPS, in order to providing theoretical basis and effective guidance for future home rehabilitation of patients with PFPS combined with mobile health.

Detailed Description

Background：Static squat has been widely used in the treatments of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), but no study has assessed which static squat modes is more effective .This study aimed to compare the effects of three different static squat modes on patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome .

Methods：Investigators included 84 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, a 6-week training period using a mobile phone app with angle recognition function, patients were devided into 4 groups based on different static squat modes. Kujala score, Lysholm score, VAS-W score, VAS-U score,thigh circumference, peak torque of knee extension, and peak torque of knee flexion on the affected side were used to assess efficacy.Two-way ANOVA was conducted to determine the differences within and between groups.Paired-samples t-test was used for intergroup comparisons, and one-way ANOVA was applied for intergroup comparisons. Chi-square tests were performed on categorical data.

Conditions

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Control group: straight leg raise

The patient was supine position, one knee angle was 90°, the foot was flatted on the ground. The ankle was flexed to contract the quadriceps on the other side. Then straighten the knee joint and the hip was 30° and lift the thigh, the heel was about 20cm away from the ground, and put down the lower limb after 2 seconds. Ten times are in a group, each practice has 5 groups, rest between the groups is 1 minute. Practice 5 times a week, practice on both sides, take uniform respiration without holding breath.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

straight leg raise

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

The patient was supine position, one knee angle was 90°, the foot was flatted on the ground. The ankle was flexed to contract the quadriceps on the other side. Then straighten the knee joint and the hip was 30° and lift the thigh, the heel was about 20cm away from the ground, and put down the lower limb after 2 seconds. Ten times are in a group, each practice has 5 groups, rest between the groups is 1 minute. Practice 5 times a week, practice on both sides, take uniform respiration without holding breath.

Experimental group A: wall squat

The subjects' upper body was upright, the distance between feet was same as width of shoulder, and hands were placed on each side of the body or above the thighs. Tiptoes were towards the front, and perpendicular to the wall. The distance between the wall and heel was about a foot long, and the back was close to the wall, squatted slowly.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

wall squat

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

The subjects' upper body was upright, the distance between feet was same as width of shoulder, and hands were placed on each side of the body or above the thighs. Tiptoes were towards the front, and perpendicular to the wall. The distance between the wall and heel was about a foot long, and the back was close to the wall, squatted slowly.

Experimental group B: direct squat

The subjects stood on the flat ground, the upper body was upright, the distance between feet was same as width of shoulder, and tiptoes were towards the front. The trunk was adjusted forward according to the Angle of static squat. The specific method is to adjust the trunk position to the line of the shoulder joint and knee joint perpendicular to the ground. Knee joint can bend at a large angle.The center of gravity was between the feet, put hands in front of body.The angle was set at 30° for the first two weeks, increased to 45° after two weeks, and set at 60° for the last two weeks.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

direct squat

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

The subjects stood on the flat ground, the upper body was upright, the distance between feet was same as width of shoulder, and tiptoes were towards the front. The trunk was adjusted forward according to the Angle of static squat. The specific method is to adjust the trunk position to the line of the shoulder joint and knee joint perpendicular to the ground. Knee joint can bend at a large angle. The center of gravity was between the feet, put hands in front of body.The angle was set at 30° for the first two weeks, increased to 45° after two weeks, and set at 60° for the last two weeks.

Experimental group C: wall squat assisted by elastic bands

Based on wall squat, subjects put elastic band of 20 pounds between the thighs, open thighs and feet at a low speed, so that the elastic bands were slightly deformed and sence of resistance was obvious on the outside of the thighs.The angle was set at 30° for the first two weeks, increased to 45° after two weeks, and set at 60° for the last two weeks.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

wall squat assisted by elastic bands

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Based on wall squat, subjects put elastic band of 20 pounds between the thighs, open thighs and feet at a low speed, so that the elastic bands were slightly deformed and sence of resistance was obvious on the outside of the thighs.The angle was set at 30° for the first two weeks, increased to 45° after two weeks, and set at 60° for the last two weeks.

Interventions

straight leg raise

The patient was supine position, one knee angle was 90°, the foot was flatted on the ground. The ankle was flexed to contract the quadriceps on the other side. Then straighten the knee joint and the hip was 30° and lift the thigh, the heel was about 20cm away from the ground, and put down the lower limb after 2 seconds. Ten times are in a group, each practice has 5 groups, rest between the groups is 1 minute. Practice 5 times a week, practice on both sides, take uniform respiration without holding breath.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

wall squat

The subjects' upper body was upright, the distance between feet was same as width of shoulder, and hands were placed on each side of the body or above the thighs. Tiptoes were towards the front, and perpendicular to the wall. The distance between the wall and heel was about a foot long, and the back was close to the wall, squatted slowly.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

direct squat

The subjects stood on the flat ground, the upper body was upright, the distance between feet was same as width of shoulder, and tiptoes were towards the front. The trunk was adjusted forward according to the Angle of static squat. The specific method is to adjust the trunk position to the line of the shoulder joint and knee joint perpendicular to the ground. Knee joint can bend at a large angle. The center of gravity was between the feet, put hands in front of body.The angle was set at 30° for the first two weeks, increased to 45° after two weeks, and set at 60° for the last two weeks.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

wall squat assisted by elastic bands

Based on wall squat, subjects put elastic band of 20 pounds between the thighs, open thighs and feet at a low speed, so that the elastic bands were slightly deformed and sence of resistance was obvious on the outside of the thighs.The angle was set at 30° for the first two weeks, increased to 45° after two weeks, and set at 60° for the last two weeks.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Meet the diagnostic criteria of PFPS.

• Age between 20 and 45 years (to reduce the risk of suffer from patellofemoral joint bone joint)

• Have no other treatments before the experiment.

• Sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients with a history of knee surgery.

• With other lower limb injuries such as meniscus tear, bursitis, ligament injury, patellar tendon injury, joint degeneration, etc.

• With a history of dislocation and subluxation of patellofemoral joint.

• With cardiovascular vessels, lung, kidney and other important organs.

• Not available to use mobile phone APP

• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Peking University Third Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Locations

Peking University Third Hospital

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

Countries

China

Other Identifiers

M2023013

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id