Metabolic Effects of Short-term Ultra-processed Food Intake (MEST-UPF)

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

24 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-12-01

Study Completion Date

2026-04-30

Brief Summary

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The overall aim of this project is to study the effects of short-term high ultra-processed food intake, compared to nutrient- and energy density matched low ultra-processed food (UPF) intake, on energy intake and appetite.

A total of 24 men and women who meet all inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be invited to participate. A randomized 2\*2 factorial four-way crossover study will be conducted at the Department of Internal medicine and Clinical Nutrition at the University of Gothenburg, comparing a high-UPF meal to a low-UPF meal also with high and/or low energy density. A supervised breakfast meal will be served, and postprandial blood samples and appetite measures will be collected continuously up to 4 hours after the breakfast meal. Subsequently, an ad libitum lunch meal will be served, and energy intake will be recorded.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Appetite Obesity and Obesity-related Medical Conditions

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Factorial assignment 2X2 factorial

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Intervention Type OTHER

Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Intervention Type OTHER

Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Intervention Type OTHER

Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Intervention Type OTHER

Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Interventions

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Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Intervention Type OTHER

Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Intervention Type OTHER

Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food

Intervention Type OTHER

Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Body mass index (BMI) 18.5-30 kg/m2
* Fasting glucose \< 6.1 mmol/l
* Hb \>110 g/L
* Weight stability the last 3 months +/-5%

Exclusion Criteria

* Food allergies, intolerances or preferences preventing consumption of any products included in the study.
* Unable to sufficiently understand written and spoken Swedish or English to provide written consent and understand information and instructions from the study personal.
* Pregnant, lactating or planning a pregnancy during the study period.
* Blood donation or participation in a clinical study with blood sampling within 30 days prior to screening visit and throughout the study.
* History of gastrointestinal conditions or major gastrointestinal surgery (Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, malabsorption, colostomy, bowel resection, gastric bypass surgery etc.).
* Type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes.
* Thyroid disorder.
* Current smoking, vaping.
* Following any weight reduction program or having followed one during the last 6 months prior to screening.
* Not habitually eating breakfast (\<5 times/week).
* Restrained eating based on the three-factor eating questionnaire.

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes