Speech-Based Artificial Intelligence for Detection of Dementia in Danish Patients

NCT ID: NCT07200739

Last Updated: 2025-10-07

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION

Total Enrollment

340 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-10-01

Study Completion Date

2028-06-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The goal of this observational study is to develop and test an artificial intelligence (AI) model that can detect signs of dementia and related conditions from speech recordings. The main question is whether a speech-based AI model can correctly tell apart people with normal memory and thinking from those with cognitive impairment.

The study will also explore whether the AI can distinguish dementia from depression, separate different dementia subtypes, and identify which people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are likely to develop dementia.

Participants will complete short memory and speech tasks while being recorded. The AI model will analyze these recordings to learn patterns linked to different diagnoses. At the end of the study, its accuracy will be tested on new participants.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Background Dementia is a growing public health challenge, and early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective care and potential future disease-modifying treatments. Current diagnostic pathways are resource-intensive and associated with long waiting times. Speech reflects cognitive functioning, and recent international studies have shown that AI can detect dementia-related patterns in speech recordings with promising accuracy. This study aims to develop and validate a speech-based AI model in a Danish setting, providing a non-invasive and scalable screening tool for use in primary care.

Phases one This protocol describes the first phase of our study which is expected to be completed in two separate phases.

In phase one we seek to train an AI model to analyse speech data from participants with cognitive impairment and compare it to speech data from healthy control participants, as is detailed through this protocol. If the method is validated, we will continue to phase two.

Future work In phase two we expect to conduct an external validation. The AI model analysis will be performed on 200 participants in the primary care sector referred for dementia evaluation. The results of the AI analysis will be compared against the final gold standard consensus diagnosis.

Phase two will have a separate protocol which will be worked up based on the results from phase one.

Elaboration of time perspective Other: Hybrid design. Most participants will be included in a cross-sectional case-control study (single speech recording). For participants with MCI, follow-up data will be collected within the study period to assess progression to dementia, allowing evaluation of the model's ability to distinguish progressive from non-progressive MCI.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Dementia (Diagnosis) Alzheimer Dementia (AD) Vascular Dementia (VaD) Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Depression - Major Depressive Disorder

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Observational Model Type

CASE_CONTROL

Study Time Perspective

OTHER

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Healthy Controls

n\~40

Mini-mental State Examination

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Participants will be recorded during the test in order til allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Participants will be recorded during the test in order til allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Speech task - Picture Description

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be asked to describe the Cookie Theft Picture from the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. The task will take 2 minutes. Participants will be recorded during the speech task in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze the speech patterns.

Speech task - Story Retellling

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be asked to retell the fairy-tale "Cinderella", based on pictures that summarize the fairy-tale. In case "Cinderella" is not known, participants are asked to tell a story with a start, a middle and an end based on the provided pictures. The task will take 4 minutes. Participants will be recorded during the speech task in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze the speech patterns.

MRI

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

For healthy controls an MRI will be conducted to provide comparable imaging and as part of screening to ensure they do not meet exclusion criteria (neuroradiological findings that could affect cognitive functions).

For participants in the follow-up or new referral cohorts, imaging will be performed as part of the standard diagnostic battery and results will be obtained from the electronic journal.

blood sampling

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Healthy control participants will undergo a standard blood test panel commonly used in dementia diagnostics. The panel includes complete blood counts, inflammatory markers, kidney- and liver function markers, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), vitamine B12 and folate. These tests are performed to exclude underlying medical conditions that could mimic cognitive impairment.

For participants in the follow-up or new referral cohorts, blood sampling will be performed as part of the standard diagnostic battery and results will be obtained from the electronic journal.

Depression screening

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Performed on healthy controls to rule out depression using either the geriatric depression scale (GDS) for patients \> 65 year of age or the Major Depression Index (MDI) for patiens \<65 year of age.

For participants in the follow-up or new referral cohorts, depression screening will be performed as part of the standard diagnostic battery and results will be obtained from the electronic journal.

Somatic- and neurological examination

Intervention Type OTHER

Healthy controls will undergo a standard somatic and neurological examination to exclude conditions that may affect cognition. This includes basic neurological assessment and clinical evaluation of general health status.

For participants in the follow-up or new referral cohorts, a somatic and neurological examination will be performed as part of the standard diagnostic battery and results will be obtained from the electronic journal

New Referrals

New Referrals to the memory clinic. Diagnosis unknown at the time of enrollment. N\~200

Mini-mental State Examination

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Participants will be recorded during the test in order til allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Participants will be recorded during the test in order til allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Speech task - Picture Description

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be asked to describe the Cookie Theft Picture from the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. The task will take 2 minutes. Participants will be recorded during the speech task in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze the speech patterns.

Speech task - Story Retellling

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be asked to retell the fairy-tale "Cinderella", based on pictures that summarize the fairy-tale. In case "Cinderella" is not known, participants are asked to tell a story with a start, a middle and an end based on the provided pictures. The task will take 4 minutes. Participants will be recorded during the speech task in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze the speech patterns.

Participants from follow-up

Participants with a clinical consensus diagnosis of either Alzheimer's dementia, Vascular dementia, Lewy body Dementia, Frontotemporal Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment or Depression. Diagnosis must be established in the memory clinic at ZUH within the past 6 months at the time of enrollment. N\~100

Mini-mental State Examination

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Participants will be recorded during the test in order til allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Speech task - Picture Description

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be asked to describe the Cookie Theft Picture from the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. The task will take 2 minutes. Participants will be recorded during the speech task in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze the speech patterns.

Speech task - Story Retellling

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be asked to retell the fairy-tale "Cinderella", based on pictures that summarize the fairy-tale. In case "Cinderella" is not known, participants are asked to tell a story with a start, a middle and an end based on the provided pictures. The task will take 4 minutes. Participants will be recorded during the speech task in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze the speech patterns.

Fluency tasks

Intervention Type OTHER

Two fluency tasks from the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination. First, the participant is asked to name as many animals as possible within 1 minutes. Next the participant is asked to name as many words starting with "S" as possible within 1 minute.

Participants will be recorded during the tasks in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Mini-mental State Examination

Participants will be recorded during the test in order til allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination

Participants will be recorded during the test in order til allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Speech task - Picture Description

Participants will be asked to describe the Cookie Theft Picture from the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. The task will take 2 minutes. Participants will be recorded during the speech task in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze the speech patterns.

Intervention Type OTHER

Speech task - Story Retellling

Participants will be asked to retell the fairy-tale "Cinderella", based on pictures that summarize the fairy-tale. In case "Cinderella" is not known, participants are asked to tell a story with a start, a middle and an end based on the provided pictures. The task will take 4 minutes. Participants will be recorded during the speech task in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze the speech patterns.

Intervention Type OTHER

Fluency tasks

Two fluency tasks from the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination. First, the participant is asked to name as many animals as possible within 1 minutes. Next the participant is asked to name as many words starting with "S" as possible within 1 minute.

Participants will be recorded during the tasks in order to allow the AI to learn and analyze speech patterns.

Intervention Type OTHER

MRI

For healthy controls an MRI will be conducted to provide comparable imaging and as part of screening to ensure they do not meet exclusion criteria (neuroradiological findings that could affect cognitive functions).

For participants in the follow-up or new referral cohorts, imaging will be performed as part of the standard diagnostic battery and results will be obtained from the electronic journal.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

blood sampling

Healthy control participants will undergo a standard blood test panel commonly used in dementia diagnostics. The panel includes complete blood counts, inflammatory markers, kidney- and liver function markers, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), vitamine B12 and folate. These tests are performed to exclude underlying medical conditions that could mimic cognitive impairment.

For participants in the follow-up or new referral cohorts, blood sampling will be performed as part of the standard diagnostic battery and results will be obtained from the electronic journal.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Depression screening

Performed on healthy controls to rule out depression using either the geriatric depression scale (GDS) for patients \> 65 year of age or the Major Depression Index (MDI) for patiens \<65 year of age.

For participants in the follow-up or new referral cohorts, depression screening will be performed as part of the standard diagnostic battery and results will be obtained from the electronic journal.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Somatic- and neurological examination

Healthy controls will undergo a standard somatic and neurological examination to exclude conditions that may affect cognition. This includes basic neurological assessment and clinical evaluation of general health status.

For participants in the follow-up or new referral cohorts, a somatic and neurological examination will be performed as part of the standard diagnostic battery and results will be obtained from the electronic journal

Intervention Type OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

MMSE ACE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Age \> 50 years
* Fluent in Danish
* Minimum 7 years of schooling

For participants from the follow-up cohort:

* A consensus diagnosis of either AD, VaD, LBD, FTD, MCI or depression established at the memory clinic within 6 months prior to enrollment

For participants from the healthy control cohort:

* No known cognitive impairment or affective disorder

Exclusion Criteria

* Significantly impaired vision or hearing (to the extent that the participant cannot participate in the linguistic AI analysis)
* Participants unable to give consent

Participants from follow-up and new referrals cohort:

* MMSE score \< 16
* Participants with multiple diagnoses (eg. mixed dementia or AD with concurrent depression)

For participants from the new referrals cohort:

* Participants falling outside of the six categories included in the study (AD, VaD, LBD, FTD, MCI, Depression)
* Participants where it is obvious at baseline that they will not fall within the above categories (can be excluded before clinical consensus diagnosis is given)

For participants from the healthy control cohort:

* MMSE \<26 and ACE \<90
* GDS score indicating depression (6 or higher)
* Clinical, laboratory or neuroradiological findings that could affect cognitive functions
Minimum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

DemensAI ApS (private tech partner, Denmark)

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

Zealand University Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Peter Høgh, MD, PhD, Assoc Prof

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Zealand University Hospital

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Zealand University Hospital

Roskilde, Region Sjælland, Denmark

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Denmark

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Dargaud L, Partal A, Birn A, & Detlefsen S. N. (2023). Developing a Spontaneous Speech-based Artificial Intelligence for Alzheimer's Disease Detection. Transatlantic Telehealth Research Network (TTRN) International Scientific Conference 2023, Journal of the International Society for Telemedicine and eHealth.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Lanzi AM, Saylor AK, Fromm D, Liu H, MacWhinney B, Cohen ML. DementiaBank: Theoretical Rationale, Protocol, and Illustrative Analyses. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2023 Mar 9;32(2):426-438. doi: 10.1044/2022_AJSLP-22-00281. Epub 2023 Feb 15.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36791255 (View on PubMed)

Li J, Song K, Zheng B, Li D, Wu X, Meng H. Leveraging Pretrained Representations with Task-related Keywords for Alzheimer's Disease Detection. arXiv preprint. 2023.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Luz S, Haider F, de la Fuente Garcia S, Fromm D, MacWhinney B. Detecting cognitive decline using speech only: The ADReSSo challenge. arXiv preprint 2021.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Luz S, Haider F, Fromm D, Lazarou I, Kompatsiaris I, Macwhinney B. An Overview of the ADReSS-M Signal Processing Grand Challenge on Multilingual Alzheimer's Dementia Recognition Through Spontaneous Speech. IEEE Open J Signal Process. 2024;5:738-749. doi: 10.1109/ojsp.2024.3378595. Epub 2024 Mar 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 38957540 (View on PubMed)

Bex T. Comprehensive Guide to Multiclass Classification With Sklearn. Towards Data Science. 2021.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Nicholas LE, Brookshire RH. A system for quantifying the informativeness and efficiency of the connected speech of adults with aphasia. J Speech Hear Res. 1993 Apr;36(2):338-50. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3602.338.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8487525 (View on PubMed)

Buderer NM. Statistical methodology: I. Incorporating the prevalence of disease into the sample size calculation for sensitivity and specificity. Acad Emerg Med. 1996 Sep;3(9):895-900. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1996.tb03538.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8870764 (View on PubMed)

Chen J, Ye J, Tang F, Zhou J. Automatic Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Using Spontaneous Speech Only. Interspeech. 2021 Aug-Sep;2021:3830-3834. doi: 10.21437/interspeech.2021-2002.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35493062 (View on PubMed)

Agbavor F, Liang H. Predicting dementia from spontaneous speech using large language models. PLOS Digit Health. 2022 Dec 22;1(12):e0000168. doi: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000168. eCollection 2022 Dec.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36812634 (View on PubMed)

de la Fuente Garcia S, Ritchie CW, Luz S. Artificial Intelligence, Speech, and Language Processing Approaches to Monitoring Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;78(4):1547-1574. doi: 10.3233/JAD-200888.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33185605 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

SJ-1107

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.