From Health Information to Health Decisions Integrating Mindfulness Into Digital Learning and Daily Life

NCT ID: NCT07157566

Last Updated: 2025-09-16

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

268 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-09-20

Study Completion Date

2027-07-31

Brief Summary

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This research project aims to explore how combining e-health literacy with mindfulness practices can help university students navigate the complex landscape of e-health information and make more informed, healthier choices. Specifically, the study will assess the current levels of e-health literacy, food literacy, and media literacy among university students, and examine how these factors are related to critical thinking, decision-making confidence, and overall well-being. The project will involve a 4-arm design, including: (1) a mindfulness group, (2) an e-health group, (3) a mindfulness + e-health Group, and (4) a Control Group. Participants in the intervention groups will engage in short mindfulness exercises focused on mindful eating and movement during break times and cool-down sessions of their Physical Education (PE) classes. Additionally, digital health content (e.g., videos and articles) will be provided to enhance e-health literacy. This could lead to better-informed, more confident students who are able to make healthier choices in their daily lives, both during their university years and into the future.

Study Aim

To evaluate the effectiveness of an 8-week intervention delivered during PE classes, comparing the effects of:

1\. Mindfulness Group 2. E-health Group 3. Mindfulness + E-health Group 4. Control Group The intervention will assess changes in students' e-health literacy, food literacy, media literacy, critical thinking, self-compassion and decision-making self-efficacy over time, with assessments at pre-test, post-test, and 4-week follow-up.

Study Hypotheses:

1. Students in the mindfulness group, e-health group, and combined group will show significantly greater improvements in all outcome measures from pre-test to post-test compared to the control group.
2. The combined group will demonstrate the greatest gains in literacy and cognitive outcomes, due to the additive effect of both interventions.
3. Improvements will be maintained at the 4-week follow-up, particularly in the combined group.

Detailed Description

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This study aims to explore the effects of mindfulness practice and e-health interventions on e-health literacy, media literacy, food literacy, critical thinking, and decision-making abilities among university students.

Research Objectives: To investigate the impact of mindfulness practice and e-health interventions on university students' e-health literacy, media literacy, food literacy, critical thinking, and decision-making abilities, and to evaluate their short-term effectiveness.

Participants: 268 university students aged between 18 and 25 who are willing to participate in mindfulness activities during and after class and receive e-health-related information.

Study Procedure:

1. Baseline Assessment: Includes questionnaires on e-health literacy, media literacy, critical thinking, and food literacy, as well as tests conducted using E-Prime software.
2. Intervention: Participants will take part in an 8-week program during their physical education classes and leisure time. They will be randomly assigned to one of four groups:

Mindfulness Group: Engage in mindful eating and mindful movement exercises during each physical education class (approximately 20 minutes).

E-health Group: Read or listen to two push notifications of e-health information per week, covering topics such as health management, stress and sleep, nutrition, and behavior change.

Combined Group: Participate in both mindfulness practice and receive e-health information.

Control Group: Receive no additional intervention and participate only in regular physical education classes.
3. Post-Intervention Assessment: Immediately after the 8-week intervention, participants will complete the same questionnaires and E-Prime tests as at baseline to assess immediate effects.
4. Follow-Up Assessment: Four weeks after the intervention ends, the same set of measurements will be conducted again to evaluate the sustainability of the intervention effects.
5. Interviews (Optional): With your consent, semi-structured or unstructured interviews may be conducted during and after the intervention to gain in-depth insights into your experiences and perceptions.

Statistical Analysis: A mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) or analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) will be used to compare the effects across different time points. Post-hoc tests will be conducted to identify specific differences between the various groups and across different time points. The significance level will be set at a p-value of less than 0.05.

Conditions

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Health Literacy Food Literacy Media Literacy E-health Literacy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Mindfulness Group

Participants in this group will engage in an 8-week program integrating mindful eating and mindful movement practices into their regular physical education classes. Each session includes 10 minutes of mindful eating exercises designed to enhance awareness of hunger and satiety cues, sensory experiences of food, and emotional responses to eating. The final 10 minutes of each session consist of mindful movement exercises, combining physical postures and movements with mindfulness techniques to improve food literacy, physical literacy, and social-emotional competencies.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Mindfulness

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Structured over 8 weeks (twice weekly) with dual modules (dietary + movement), this group employs Mindfulness-Based Eating Awareness Training (MB-EAT) to improve mind-body awareness. Week 1 establishes foundational practices through mindful eating concepts and introductory yoga; Weeks 2-4 systematically train awareness of hunger/satiety cues using partner breathing techniques, postural alignment, and group-assisted stretching; Week 5 analyzes emotional eating triggers while integrating therapeutic yoga for emotional regulation; Weeks 6-7 foster body acceptance and autonomous food choices; the program concludes with closing rituals. Rooted in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), it strengthens interoceptive awareness, non-judgmental self-acceptance, and emotional management to transform dysfunctional eating patterns.

E-health Group

Participants in this group will receive two digital health information materials per week via Moodle or email, each requiring approximately 5-10 minutes of reading time. The topics of the materials include: health literacy; nutrition; exercise and stress; mental health and sleep; and behavior change and integration. These aim to enhance participants' digital health literacy, media literacy, and related competencies.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

e-Health Literacy

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

This 8-week program (twice weekly) aims to enhance participants' ability to access, evaluate, and apply digital health information. It progresses through sequential modules: Week 1 introduces e-Health literacy fundamentals and physical activity principles; Weeks 2-3 focus on nutritional assessment and personalized planning; Week 4 addresses sleep health; Weeks 5-7 train health information retrieval skills, including database navigation and source reliability verification; the final week hones critical appraisal capabilities. The intervention is based on the e-Health Literacy 3.0 model and cultivates three core competencies: digital navigation, information discernment, and evidence-based decision-making, enabling participants to independently navigate the digital health ecosystem.

Mindfulness + E-health Group

Participants in this group will engage in an 8-week program that integrates mindful eating and mindful movement practices into their regular physical education classes, while also receiving digital health information materials to enhance their e-health literacy. The program is designed to improve participants' food literacy, physical literacy, social-emotional competencies, e-health literacy, and media literacy through a combination of practical exercises and educational content.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Mindfulness

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Structured over 8 weeks (twice weekly) with dual modules (dietary + movement), this group employs Mindfulness-Based Eating Awareness Training (MB-EAT) to improve mind-body awareness. Week 1 establishes foundational practices through mindful eating concepts and introductory yoga; Weeks 2-4 systematically train awareness of hunger/satiety cues using partner breathing techniques, postural alignment, and group-assisted stretching; Week 5 analyzes emotional eating triggers while integrating therapeutic yoga for emotional regulation; Weeks 6-7 foster body acceptance and autonomous food choices; the program concludes with closing rituals. Rooted in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), it strengthens interoceptive awareness, non-judgmental self-acceptance, and emotional management to transform dysfunctional eating patterns.

e-Health Literacy

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

This 8-week program (twice weekly) aims to enhance participants' ability to access, evaluate, and apply digital health information. It progresses through sequential modules: Week 1 introduces e-Health literacy fundamentals and physical activity principles; Weeks 2-3 focus on nutritional assessment and personalized planning; Week 4 addresses sleep health; Weeks 5-7 train health information retrieval skills, including database navigation and source reliability verification; the final week hones critical appraisal capabilities. The intervention is based on the e-Health Literacy 3.0 model and cultivates three core competencies: digital navigation, information discernment, and evidence-based decision-making, enabling participants to independently navigate the digital health ecosystem.

Control Group

Participants in this group will follow their regular physical education classes without incorporating any mindfulness practices or digital health information materials. The control group will engage in standard activities and curricula designed for university physical education, which may include various physical training, sports, and theoretical instruction related to health and fitness.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Mindfulness

Structured over 8 weeks (twice weekly) with dual modules (dietary + movement), this group employs Mindfulness-Based Eating Awareness Training (MB-EAT) to improve mind-body awareness. Week 1 establishes foundational practices through mindful eating concepts and introductory yoga; Weeks 2-4 systematically train awareness of hunger/satiety cues using partner breathing techniques, postural alignment, and group-assisted stretching; Week 5 analyzes emotional eating triggers while integrating therapeutic yoga for emotional regulation; Weeks 6-7 foster body acceptance and autonomous food choices; the program concludes with closing rituals. Rooted in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), it strengthens interoceptive awareness, non-judgmental self-acceptance, and emotional management to transform dysfunctional eating patterns.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

e-Health Literacy

This 8-week program (twice weekly) aims to enhance participants' ability to access, evaluate, and apply digital health information. It progresses through sequential modules: Week 1 introduces e-Health literacy fundamentals and physical activity principles; Weeks 2-3 focus on nutritional assessment and personalized planning; Week 4 addresses sleep health; Weeks 5-7 train health information retrieval skills, including database navigation and source reliability verification; the final week hones critical appraisal capabilities. The intervention is based on the e-Health Literacy 3.0 model and cultivates three core competencies: digital navigation, information discernment, and evidence-based decision-making, enabling participants to independently navigate the digital health ecosystem.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Mindfulness Group

1. Currently enrolled in a Physical Education (PE) class.
2. Aged between 18 and 25 years.
3. Willing to participate in the 8-week intervention and provide informed consent.
4. Generally healthy and able to engage in physical activity.
5. Proficient in Chinese.

E-health Group

1. Currently enrolled in a Physical Education (PE) class.
2. Aged between 18 and 25 years.
3. Willing to participate in the 8-week intervention and provide informed consent.
4. Generally healthy and able to engage in physical activity.
5. Proficient in Chinese.

Mindfulness + E-health Group

1. Currently enrolled in a Physical Education (PE) class.
2. Aged between 18 and 25 years.
3. Willing to participate in the 8-week intervention and provide informed consent.
4. Generally healthy and able to engage in physical activity.
5. Proficient in Chinese.

Control Group

1. Currently enrolled in a Physical Education (PE) class.
2. Aged between 18 and 25 years.
3. Willing to participate in the 8-week intervention and provide informed consent.
4. Generally healthy and able to engage in physical activity.
5. Proficient in Chinese.

Exclusion Criteria

Mindfulness Group

1. Currently studying in medical, nutrition, or health-related fields.
2. Pregnant or lactating.
3. Severe mental health conditions or cognitive impairments affecting participation.
4. Currently participating in other mindfulness or digital health programs.
5. Involved in competitive sports (e.g., varsity athletes).
6. Recent major life events (e.g., trauma or major illness) within the last 6 months.
7. Unable to participate in PE classes due to medical or personal reasons.

E-health Group

1. Currently studying in medical, nutrition, or health-related fields.
2. Pregnant or lactating.
3. Severe mental health conditions or cognitive impairments affecting participation.
4. Currently participating in other mindfulness or digital health programs.
5. Involved in competitive sports (e.g., varsity athletes).
6. Recent major life events (e.g., trauma or major illness) within the last 6 months.
7. Unable to participate in PE classes due to medical or personal reasons.

Mindfulness + E-health Group

1. Currently studying in medical, nutrition, or health-related fields.
2. Pregnant or lactating.
3. Severe mental health conditions or cognitive impairments affecting participation.
4. Currently participating in other mindfulness or digital health programs.
5. Involved in competitive sports (e.g., varsity athletes).
6. Recent major life events (e.g., trauma or major illness) within the last 6 months.
7. Unable to participate in PE classes due to medical or personal reasons.

Control Group

1. Currently studying in medical, nutrition, or health-related fields.
2. Pregnant or lactating.
3. Severe mental health conditions or cognitive impairments affecting participation.
4. Currently participating in other mindfulness or digital health programs.
5. Involved in competitive sports (e.g., varsity athletes).
6. Recent major life events (e.g., trauma or major illness) within the last 6 months.
7. Unable to participate in PE classes due to medical or personal reasons.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

25 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of Macau

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Siman Lei

Assistant Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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SiMan LEI, Doctoral

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Macau

Locations

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UM Sports Complex (N8) , Avenida da Universidade Taipa, Macau, China

Macao, , Macau

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Macau

Macao, , Macau

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Macau

Central Contacts

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Chi Long Choi, Master Student

Role: CONTACT

+853 6318 0088

SiMan LEI, Doctoral

Role: CONTACT

Facility Contacts

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Si Man Lei

Role: primary

+853 8822 8720

SiMan LEI, Assistant Professor

Role: primary

+853 8822 8720

Chi Long Choi, Master student

Role: backup

+853 6318 0088

Other Identifiers

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HE-0947-2025

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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