Plyometric Training Based on Motor Imagery and Action Observation in Female Volleyball Players

NCT ID: NCT06397586

Last Updated: 2025-07-14

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 45 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-04-30
• Study Completion Date: 2025-07-01

Brief Summary

Plyometric training (PT) is training consisting of exercises that enable the muscles to reach maximum strength in minimum time. PE improves lower extremity muscle strength, jumping performance, agility, reaction time. Although plyometric exercises contribute greatly to increasing athlete performance, athletes cannot apply PE due to loading procedures at all times of the season. PEs in the literature generally involve active application of exercises. The definition of exercise includes not only physical exercise but also mental exercise. Athletes can use mental exercises as complementary training methods that can complement or add to physical training to compensate for their deficiencies. When mental exercises are examined, we often encounter two concepts. These are action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI). MI imagines a task without actually performing it. AO is when a person watches a certain action being performed by another third party or while the video is being played back. There are studies showing that training on MI and AO methods creates more activation in the brain when applied together. Although the definition of motor imagery has been broadly separated from action, more recent imagery theories have led to the concept of dynamic motor imagery (DMI), the practice of athletes adopting a harmonious body position and embodying the spatial and temporal properties of movement without performing the entire movement. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been found in which PT based on MI and AO was performed on female volleyball players. Additionally, to our knowledge, the effectiveness of DMI on female volleyball players has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of our study is; PT based on MI and AO is applied to female volleyball players in two different ways; The aim is to investigate the effects of balance, jumping, agility and reaction time and to compare the effectiveness of these two methods.

Detailed Description

45 licensed female volleyball players between the ages of 18 and 25 will be included in the study. Volleyball players will be randomized into three groups: Group A, Group B, Group C. Group A- Routine training + MI and AO; He/she will be included in an MI and AO based PT exercise program with a physiotherapist 2 days a week for 8 weeks. Group B- Routine training + DMI and AO will perform the same exercise program as DMI. Group C- Control group will continue their routine training program for 8 weeks. Demographic information of all patients to be included in the study will be recorded with the "Case Evaluation Form". The patients' static balances were measured with the Performanz device, their dynamic balances with the Y balance test, their jumping performances with the My Jump 2 application and one-step jump test, their agility performances with the shuttle running test and agility T test, their reaction times with the Blazepod device, their movement imagination abilities with the Movement Imagination Questionnaire. It will be evaluated with -3. All data will be evaluated using statistical analysis methods.

Conditions

Motor Imagery

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

GROUP I: STATICK

static motor imagery and movement observation-based plyometric training

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Routine volleyball

Intervention Type: OTHER

MOtor imagery

GROUP II: DYNAMIC

dynamic motor imagery and movement observation-based plyometric training

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Routine volleyball

Intervention Type: OTHER

MOtor imagery

GROUP III: ACTIVE CONTROL

plyometric training

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Routine volleyball

Intervention Type: OTHER

MOtor imagery

Interventions

Routine volleyball

MOtor imagery

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

plyometric training

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Being a woman between the ages of 18-25
• Becoming a licensed volleyball player
• Playing volleyball actively
• Knowing how to read and write Turkish to understand, interpret and answer surveys
• Having signed the informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria

Athletes with acute injury and/or early postoperative surgery

• Those who suffered injuries while working
• Those who did not follow the research protocol (did not complete the tests and/or did not complete the training program)
• Those who want to leave the research voluntarily

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 30 Years
• Eligible Sex: FEMALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Biruni University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Ugur Cavlak

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Ugur Cavlak

CLINICAL PROFESSOR

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Faculty of Health Sciences

Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

References

Scott M, Taylor S, Chesterton P, Vogt S, Eaves DL. Motor imagery during action observation increases eccentric hamstring force: an acute non-physical intervention. Disabil Rehabil. 2018 Jun;40(12):1443-1451. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1300333. Epub 2017 Mar 21.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 28322596 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

BiruniUnivi

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id