How Does Eating Behavior and Hunger in Virtual Reality Meals Compare to Real Meals?

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

24 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-10-03

Study Completion Date

2022-06-09

Brief Summary

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Objective: To investigate the differences between eating virtual and real-life meals and test the hypothesis that eating a virtual meal can reduce hunger among healthy women.

Methods: Twenty healthy women will be recruited and partake in a randomized crossover study. The subjects will be asked to eat one introduction meal, two real meals, and two virtual meals, all containing real or virtual meatballs and potatoes. The real meals will be eaten on a plate placed on a scale which communicates with analytical software on a computer. The virtual meals will be eaten in a room, where participants are seated on a real chair in front of a real table, and fitted with the virtual-reality equipment. The eating behavior for both the real and virtual meals will be filmed. Hunger will be measured before and after the meals using questionnaires.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Hunger

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Randomized crossover study with 2 repeats. Each person participated in two virtual meals and two real meals in random order.

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Masking was not possible in the current study, since it was obvious if you were eating virtual or real food. However, participants were not aware of the aim of the study.

Study Groups

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Virtual, then real meal

Participant first had two lunch sessions eating virtual food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. Participants then had two lunch sessions eating real food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Virtual food

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Virtual food eaten using immersive virtual reality equipment

Real food

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Real food eaten using regular utensils

Real, then virtual meal

Participant first had two lunch sessions eating real food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. Participants then had two lunch sessions eating virtual food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Virtual food

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Virtual food eaten using immersive virtual reality equipment

Real food

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Real food eaten using regular utensils

Interventions

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Virtual food

Virtual food eaten using immersive virtual reality equipment

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Real food

Real food eaten using regular utensils

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* BMI between 18.5 kg/m2 to 29 kg/m2
* "normal" physical activity (measured using the short version of the international physical activity questionnaire, IPAQ)

Exclusion Criteria

* pregnant or breastfeeding
* smoker
* temporomandibular disorder
* recent serious dental surgery (last 6 months)
* undergoing treatments known to affect appetite (e.g., use of some psychotropic drugs)
* previous history of eating disorders
* vegetarian
* aversion to the food served

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

28 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes