Drowning in Denmark: A Registry-based Study of Fatal and Non-fatal Drowning From 2016 to 2023
NCT ID: NCT05425537
Last Updated: 2025-05-04
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
1664 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2016-01-01
2025-03-01
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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The purpose of this study is to establish a nationwide epidemiological profile of non-fatal and fatal drowning patients in Denmark which can be used to target educational, preventative, rescue, or treatment strategies to reduce the number of fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark.
Objectives
The primary objective is to estimate the yearly incidence rates of drowning patients in Denmark treated by the Danish Emergency Medical Services from 2016 to 2023. The secondary objective is to report the associations between predefined prognostic variables and 30-day survival.
Study design
A nationwide registry-based study with data from the Danish Drowning Cohort (extracted from the prehospital electronic health records using syndromic surveillance and extensive manual validation) from 2016 to 2023 with 30-day follow-up.
Conditions
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Study Design
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COHORT
RETROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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Fatal drowning
Fatal drowning incident where the patient died because of the drowning process
Drowning incident
Drowning is defined by the WHO in 2002 as "the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in liquid"
Non-fatal drowning
Non-fatal drowning incident where the patient was drowning and can be ascertained to have been experiencing either mild, moderate, or severe respiratory impairment immediately after the drowning process ended but survived.
Drowning incident
Drowning is defined by the WHO in 2002 as "the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in liquid"
Interventions
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Drowning incident
Drowning is defined by the WHO in 2002 as "the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in liquid"
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* The patient must have been in contact with the Danish prehospital emergency medical services.
Exclusion Criteria
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Prehospital Center, Region Zealand
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Niklas Breindahl
Medical Doctor, PhD-student
Principal Investigators
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Niklas Breindahl, MD, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Prehospital Center, Region Zealand
Locations
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Prehospital Center
Næstved, Region Sjælland, Denmark
Countries
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References
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Weiss J; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Prevention of drowning. Pediatrics. 2010 Jul;126(1):e253-62. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-1265. Epub 2010 May 24.
Schmidt AC, Sempsrott JR, Szpilman D, Queiroga AC, Davison MS, Zeigler RJ, McAlister SJ. The use of non-uniform drowning terminology: a follow-up study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2017 Jul 17;25(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s13049-017-0405-x.
Papa L, Hoelle R, Idris A. Systematic review of definitions for drowning incidents. Resuscitation. 2005 Jun;65(3):255-64. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2004.11.030.
Lu TH, Lunetta P, Walker S. Quality of cause-of-death reporting using ICD-10 drowning codes: a descriptive study of 69 countries. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2010 Apr 8;10:30. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-10-30.
Steensberg J. Epidemiology of accidental drowning in Denmark 1989-1993. Accid Anal Prev. 1998 Nov;30(6):755-62. doi: 10.1016/s0001-4575(98)00028-1.
Mackie IJ. Patterns of drowning in Australia, 1992-1997. Med J Aust. 1999 Dec 6-20;171(11-12):587-90. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1999.tb123808.x.
Truhlar A, Deakin CD, Soar J, Khalifa GE, Alfonzo A, Bierens JJ, Brattebo G, Brugger H, Dunning J, Hunyadi-Anticevic S, Koster RW, Lockey DJ, Lott C, Paal P, Perkins GD, Sandroni C, Thies KC, Zideman DA, Nolan JP; Cardiac arrest in special circumstances section Collaborators. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 4. Cardiac arrest in special circumstances. Resuscitation. 2015 Oct;95:148-201. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.07.017. Epub 2015 Oct 15. No abstract available.
Venema AM, Groothoff JW, Bierens JJ. The role of bystanders during rescue and resuscitation of drowning victims. Resuscitation. 2010 Apr;81(4):434-9. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.01.005. Epub 2010 Feb 10.
Idris AH, Berg RA, Bierens J, Bossaert L, Branche CM, Gabrielli A, Graves SA, Handley AJ, Hoelle R, Morley PT, Papa L, Pepe PE, Quan L, Szpilman D, Wigginton JG, Modell JH; American Heart Association. Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from drowning: the "Utstein style". Circulation. 2003 Nov 18;108(20):2565-74. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000099581.70012.68. No abstract available.
Other Identifiers
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DROWN_NONFATAL
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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