A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Surgery Versus Conservative Treatment for Mild and Moderate-grade Nasopharyngeal Necrosis

NCT ID: NCT05228093

Last Updated: 2022-02-08

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 216 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2021-11-01
• Study Completion Date: 2024-10-30

Brief Summary

Post radiation nasopharyngeal necrosis is a relatively special radiotherapy sequelae after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. According to the degree of its development, it can be roughly divided into three stages: mild, moderate and severe stages, corresponding to the pre-nasopharyngeal necrosis stage, the soft tissue necrosis stage and the bone necrosis stage respectively. In the past, treatment methods were limited, including anti-infection, topical nasopharyngeal drugs, etc., the efficacy was not good, the nasopharyngeal necrosis lesions progressed, and a series of serious complications occurred, such as: intracranial infection secondary to osteonecrosis, massive nasopharyngeal hemorrhage, etc. It seriously endanger the life of the patient. With the continuous development of medical technology, the means of treatment are also constantly updated, such as repeated debridement guided by nasal endoscope, modified nasopharyngeal irrigation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the healing rate of nasopharyngeal necrosis has improved, especially the cure rate of patients in the mild and moderate-stages can reach 54.1%-54.8%. However, there are still some patients with poor healing of nasopharyngeal wounds after treatment.

Since 2004, our team has carried out a series of studies such as transnasal endoscopic nasopharyngeal resection combined with posterior pedicle nasal septum and floor mucoperiosteum flap(NSFF), and successfully achieved minimally invasive and en bloc resection of localized recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This method basically solved the problem of surgical wound healing of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. On this basis, we further applied it to the treatment of nasopharyngeal necrosis to further improve the cure rate and improve the prognosis. In addition, our retrospective study showed that compared with conservative treatment, curative-intent endoscopic necrectomy followed by reconstruction using the posterior pedicle nasal septum and floor mucoperiosteum flap can effectively prolong the overall survival time of patients and significantly improve the symptoms, but it still needs to be further confirmed by prospective clinical trials.

In addition, some patients (22.2%) had necrosis of the mucosal flap after receiving surgery, which affected the healing of surgical wounds. Besides, the development of nasopharyngeal necrosis is a slow process. If nasopharyngeal necrosis removal combined with pedicled mucosal flap repair is performed prematurely, the area outside the operation area may be necrotic again. Theoretically, each patient only has the nasal septum-nasal septum mucosal flaps on both sides of the nasal septum, which means that each patient only has 2 chances of repairing the nasal septum-nasal floor mucosal flaps. Premature surgical intervention may not only lead to incomplete debridement, but also lose a valuable opportunity for mucosal flap repair.

Therefore, based on the above problems, this study intends to compare the endoscopic nasopharyngeal necrosis debridement combined with pedicled mucosal flap repair versus the best conservative regimen for the treatment of early and mid-stage nasopharyngeal necrosis, to explore the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal necrosis. The preferred regimen, if confirmed by this study, is expected to standardize the treatment of nasopharyngeal necrosis after radiotherapy and further promote it, effectively increasing the cure rate of nasopharyngeal necrosis and improving the prognosis of patients.

Conditions

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Postradiation, Necrosis, Endoscopy Surgery, Conservative Treatment

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Surgery group

Prior to surgery, a bacterial cultivation for purulent nasopharyngeal secretions and drug sensitivity assays were performed to identify sensitive antibiotics to be used postoperatively. Radical endoscopic necrectomy was performed under general anesthesia using the endoscopic endonasal approach. One side flap, typically the ipsilateral side, was harvested after complete radical endoscopic necrectomy.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Curative-intent endoscopic necrectomy followed by reconstruction using the posterior pedicle nasal septum and floor mucoperiosteum flap

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Radical endoscopic necrectomy was performed under general anesthesia using the endoscopic endonasal approach. And the reconstruction of the nasopharyngeal defect use the nasal septum and floor mucoperiosteum flap. Antibiotic therapy based on the result of bacterial cultivation before the surgery was administered for 5-7 days after surgery. Patients are prescribed regional perfusion with recombinant human epidermal growth factor derivative liquid (Watsin Genetech Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China) to keep the wound humid, and endoscopic nasal cleanup was performed every 2-4 weeks until the flap was completely epithelialized and the entire defect was relined.

Patients who were assessed as non-healing at 3 months after treatment will underwent salvage surgery.

Conservative group

Patients receive debridement treatment of the necrotic tissues guided by endoscope and systematic antibiotic therapy partly under the guidance of nasopharyngeal secretion drug sensitivity test.

Patients could use a common nasopharyngeal irrigation pot to wash the nasopharynx three times a day with warm boiled water or light saltwater (500 ml). If possible, patients could also received direct irrigation with an electronic nasopharyngoscopy operated by a physician.

In addition, patients can receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy when conditions permit.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Conservative treatment

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Debridement guided by nasopharyngeal endoscopy and excision of the radiation-induced necrotic tissues were performed every 1 or 2 weeks. Patients are prescribed regional perfusion with recombinant human epidermal growth factor derivative liquid (Watsin Genetech Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China) to keep the wound humid. Other conservative treatment included daily nasopharynx rinsing with 2% aquae hydrogeniidioxide (5-10 mL each time) or saline (50-100 mL each time) and antibiotic therapy (metronidazole or ornidazole) guided by the culture results was also performed synchronously. Intravenous nutrition and systematic antibiotic therapy were also performed if indicated and necessary. In addition, patients can receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy when conditions permit.

Patients who were assessed as non-healing at 3 months after treatment will underwent salvage surgery.

Interventions

Curative-intent endoscopic necrectomy followed by reconstruction using the posterior pedicle nasal septum and floor mucoperiosteum flap

Radical endoscopic necrectomy was performed under general anesthesia using the endoscopic endonasal approach. And the reconstruction of the nasopharyngeal defect use the nasal septum and floor mucoperiosteum flap. Antibiotic therapy based on the result of bacterial cultivation before the surgery was administered for 5-7 days after surgery. Patients are prescribed regional perfusion with recombinant human epidermal growth factor derivative liquid (Watsin Genetech Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China) to keep the wound humid, and endoscopic nasal cleanup was performed every 2-4 weeks until the flap was completely epithelialized and the entire defect was relined.

Patients who were assessed as non-healing at 3 months after treatment will underwent salvage surgery.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Conservative treatment

Debridement guided by nasopharyngeal endoscopy and excision of the radiation-induced necrotic tissues were performed every 1 or 2 weeks. Patients are prescribed regional perfusion with recombinant human epidermal growth factor derivative liquid (Watsin Genetech Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China) to keep the wound humid. Other conservative treatment included daily nasopharynx rinsing with 2% aquae hydrogeniidioxide (5-10 mL each time) or saline (50-100 mL each time) and antibiotic therapy (metronidazole or ornidazole) guided by the culture results was also performed synchronously. Intravenous nutrition and systematic antibiotic therapy were also performed if indicated and necessary. In addition, patients can receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy when conditions permit.

Patients who were assessed as non-healing at 3 months after treatment will underwent salvage surgery.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Received radical radiotherapy for the nasopharynx;

2. For patients with early-stage and mid-stage nasopharyngeal necrosis diagnosed for the first time by clinical symptoms, imaging examinations and pathology. The lesions are limited to the superficial tissue of the nasopharynx and the deep tissue of each wall of the nasopharynx, regardless of the exposure of internal carotid artery invasion(ICA). For those patients with ICA exposure, vascular pretreatment (vascular embolization or bypass surgery) would be performed and reassess after 2-4 weeks of vascular treatment.

3. The patient has signed the informed notice and is willing and able to comply with the study plan visits, treatment plans, laboratory tests and other study procedures.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Karnofsky score ≤ 70 points or Zubrod score > 2 points;

2. Patients with severe medical complications, insufficiency of important organs (heart, lung, liver, kidney) or neuropsychiatric disorders at the time of diagnosis.

3. Patients with pathologically confirmed local recurrence.

4. Cases who have received local nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal surgery in the past.

5. Patients who cannot cooperate with regular follow-up due to psychological, social, family and geographical reasons.

6. Other patients who are considered unsuitable for inclusion by the treating physician.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 70 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Sun Yat-sen University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Ming-Yuan Chen

Deputy director

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Mingyuan Chen, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Sun Yat-sen University

Locations

Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Site Status: RECRUITING

The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Site Status: RECRUITING

The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Site Status: RECRUITING

The First Hospital of Nanchang

Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

China

Central Contacts

Mingyuan Chen, MD

Role: CONTACT

chenmy@sysucc.org.cn

+86 13903052650

Facility Contacts

Ming-Yuan Chen, MD,PhD

Role: primary

chenmy@sysucc.org.cn

86-20-8734-2422

Wei-Ping Wen, MD, PhD

Role: primary

wenwp@mail.sysu.edu.cn

86-13802966937

Jian-Zhong Zhang, MD

Role: primary

525567166@qq.com

86-15820279737

Mingyuan Chen

Role: primary

chenmy@sysucc.org.cn

13903052650

Other Identifiers

NSFF-PRNN-2021

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id