Evaluation of the Close to Home Program in California

NCT ID: NCT05206994

Last Updated: 2025-10-03

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 1000 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2021-10-04
• Study Completion Date: 2025-09-30

Brief Summary

Investigators propose to rigorously evaluate the Close to Home (C2H) model via a cluster-matched control trial across 18 diverse communities (9 C2H, 9 control) in California via collection and analyses of social network, school-based and social media data. Close to Home is a primary prevention community mobilization model implemented in 10 communities across California that engages community members across multiple sectors and social networks to strengthen community connections and shift social norms regarding sexual violence (SV), but has never been rigorously evaluated. C2H moves beyond criminal justice, lobbying, or school-based curricular approaches, taking a true community-level and community-led approach. This is a five-year project, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for 3 years with competitive awards for years 4 and 5, and is conducted in partnership with the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) and ValorUs (formerly CALCASA). The University of California, San Diego (UCSD) and CDPH partnership is uniquely poised to conduct the first rigorous evaluation of C2H in California at this time.

Detailed Description

Investigators propose to rigorously evaluate the Close to Home (C2H) model via a cluster-matched control trial across 18 diverse communities (9 C2H, 9 control) in California via collection and analyses of social network, school-based and social media data. Analyses of these data will provide evidence at the individual, interpersonal and community levels of the effectiveness of this community mobilization approach to reduce sexual violence (SV) incidence. California is uniquely poised to conduct this research, given a) the multiple, diverse of communities implementing C2H; b) California Department of Public Health (CDPH)'s 10-year commitment to building capacity to support local implementation of this model, and c) CDPH's ongoing partnership on RPE evaluation with University of California San Diego's Center on Gender Equity and Health, a center with the highest levels of expertise in evaluation of SV prevention programs, and the science of social norms, social networks and social media. A Research Advisory Board will be engaged and inform and guide these efforts throughout the project period. Investigators will accomplish this highly innovative effort via the following aims:

AIM 1. Develop and implement a cluster-matched control design in partnership with the RAB, including collecting baseline social network, school-based and social media data across 14 diverse California communities.

Hypothesis 1.1: Analyses of baseline social network data will demonstrate pathways of influence regarding SV social norms and behaviors among male and female youth ages 14-24 years.

Hypothesis 1.2: Analyses of triangulated YouGov and Twitter data will yield a valid, feasible social media-based assessment of SV social norms at the community-level for evaluation of SV prevention efforts.

AIM 2: Evaluate effects of the C2H model on SV social norms and incidence, as well as patterns of diffusion of these effects, via longitudinal analyses of social network data.

Hypothesis 2.1: Social norms rejecting SV will increase, and 12-month incidence of SV will decrease at 24-month follow-up among C2H participants relative to those in control programs, and these effects will diffuse via paths of influence across social networks assessed via Aim 1.

AIM 3: Extend Aim 2 findings via analyses of multiple waves of school-based data and geocoded social media data to yield multiple tests of community-level effects of C2H on SV social norms and incidence.

Hypotheses 3.1: Analyses of data from the California Healthy Kids Survey (ages 14-19 yrs) and Twitter (>13 yrs) collected from C2H and control communities (coincident with baseline and 24-month follow-up social network data) will yield evidence of community-level effects of C2H on SV social norms and incidence consistent with individual and network-level effects observed via Aim 2 analyses.

Conditions

Sexual Violence; Sexual Assault; Adolescent Behavior

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Close to Home Intervention

Sites receiving the intervention arm were determined prior to the initiation of the research. The rape crisis center in each community applied for funding from the California Department of Public Health to implement the Close to Home model in their community and they were accepted via a competitive application process. Close to Home (C2H) is a community mobilization model developed in Boston and adapted for California and is specifically designed to prevent SV by strengthening community social connections and engaging whole communities in dialogue and action to transform social norms.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Close to Home

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Close to Home (C2H), a community mobilization model developed in Boston and adapted for California, is specifically designed to prevent SV by strengthening community social connections and engaging whole communities in dialogue and action to transform social norms. The C2H model guides communities through four phases: 1) Assess, 2) Talk, 3) Build, and 4) Act. C2H mobilizes diverse groups of people residing in a shared geography and linked by social and political ties to engage in joint actions for SV prevention

Control Program

The control program is the 4-H Youth Development Program, which is implemented across every county in California via the University of California Cooperative Extension. In 4-H programs, kids and teens complete hands-on projects in areas like health, science, agriculture and civic engagement in a positive environment where they receive guidance from adult mentors and are encouraged to take on proactive leadership roles. The model does not use community mobilization and does not address sexual violence.

Control communities were selected based on propensity score matching using sociodemographic and community-level variables related to risk for sexual violence. The closest match was recruited first, and a next-best match was used if the first match declined participation.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Close to Home

Close to Home (C2H), a community mobilization model developed in Boston and adapted for California, is specifically designed to prevent SV by strengthening community social connections and engaging whole communities in dialogue and action to transform social norms. The C2H model guides communities through four phases: 1) Assess, 2) Talk, 3) Build, and 4) Act. C2H mobilizes diverse groups of people residing in a shared geography and linked by social and political ties to engage in joint actions for SV prevention

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Must be between 14-24 years old
• Must be enrolled in program with partner organization(s) or have been nominated by a peer enrolled in the partner programs
• Provide informed consent to participate

Exclusion Criteria

• Under age 14
• Over age 24

• Minimum Eligible Age: 14 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 24 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

California Department of Public Health

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

FED

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of California, San Diego

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Jay G. Silverman, PhD

Professor of Global Public Health

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Jay G Silverman, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Tulane Center on Community-Engaged GBV Research

Locations

Dr. Jay Silverman

San Diego, California, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

U01CE003711; U01CE003201

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

U01CE003711

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

201920S

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id