Spectacle Prescribing in Early Childhood

NCT ID: NCT04728451

Last Updated: 2024-12-19

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

88 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-03-25

Study Completion Date

2027-02-28

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The purpose of this study is to compare developmental outcome for young children (12 to 35 months of age) with astigmatism meeting American Academy of Ophthalmology spectacle prescribing guidelines and who are prescribed and provided spectacles for either Full-Time wear (encouraged and reinforced) or Ad Lib wear (wear dependent on child acceptance).

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

The benefits and drawbacks of spectacle treatment for bilateral astigmatism in young children are not known. The SPEC study compares outcomes for young children (12 to \< 35 months of age) with astigmatism meeting spectacle prescribing recommendations and randomized to either Full-Time spectacle wear (encouraged and reinforced) or Ad Lib spectacle wear (only as accepted by the child). The primary outcome analysis compares cognitive development at 38-42 months in children randomized to the Full-Time and Ad Lib groups. Secondary analyses compare Language, Motor, Social-Emotional, and Adaptive Behavior developmental outcomes and visual acuity outcome for children randomized to the Full-Time and Ad Lib groups.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Astigmatism Bilateral Eyeglasses

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

Astigmatism Infant Child, Preschool Cognitive Development Motor Development Language Development Child Development Visual Acuity

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Full-Time Spectacle Wear

Parents are asked to encourage their child to wear the spectacles full-time (all waking hours). A study staff member works closely with families throughout the child's participation to provide support and encouragement and to make suggestions on methods parents can use to maximize spectacle wear.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Spectacle wear support

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Parents of children in the full-time group are provided with encouragement, support, and counseling throughout the study in order to maximize their child's spectacle wear.

Spectacles

Intervention Type DEVICE

Children prescribed and provided spectacles with full correction of their refractive error, with the exception of prescriptions with ≥ +1.50D sphere (plus cylinder notation) in the least hyperopic eye, which will be symmetrically reduced by 1.00D

Ad-Lib Spectacle Wear

Parents are asked to encourage their child to wear the spectacles as much as possible for the initial 30 days after dispensing, and thereafter to continue to offer the spectacles to the child but not force the child to wear them if they resist or refuse. Limited support for parents is provided with regard to maximizing spectacle wear.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Spectacles

Intervention Type DEVICE

Children prescribed and provided spectacles with full correction of their refractive error, with the exception of prescriptions with ≥ +1.50D sphere (plus cylinder notation) in the least hyperopic eye, which will be symmetrically reduced by 1.00D

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Spectacle wear support

Parents of children in the full-time group are provided with encouragement, support, and counseling throughout the study in order to maximize their child's spectacle wear.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Spectacles

Children prescribed and provided spectacles with full correction of their refractive error, with the exception of prescriptions with ≥ +1.50D sphere (plus cylinder notation) in the least hyperopic eye, which will be symmetrically reduced by 1.00D

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Parent/guardian provision of signed and dated informed consent form for Baseline/Eligibility Examination.
* Completion of Baseline/Eligibility Examination with cycloplegia.
* Bilateral astigmatism: Astigmatism ≥2.25D in the most astigmatic eye and ≥1.75D in the fellow eye based on manual cycloplegic retinoscopy conducted at Baseline/Eligibility Examination.
* Parent/guardian willing to accept assignment to either randomized group.
* Parent/guardian provision of signed and dated informed consent form for randomized SPEC Study.
* Parent willing to commit to study visits every 180 days, to be contacted (phone, email, or text) for reports of spectacle wear, and to allow their child to wear the TheraMon® sensor on the spectacle headband.
* Child and Family are primarily English or Spanish speaking.
* Parent/guardian does not anticipate moving out of Tucson area prior to their child reaching age 1275 days (approximately age 3 ½ years).
* Parent/guardian has not enrolled another child in the SPEC trial.

Exclusion Criteria

* Gestational age \<32 weeks (per parent report).
* Anisometropia ≥1.50 D spherical equivalent per manual cycloplegic retinoscopy conducted at the Baseline/Eligibility Examination.
* Current manifest strabismus per Baseline/Eligibility Examination.
* Ocular pathology per Baseline/Eligibility Examination (H44\* or H25\* diagnosis code).
* Previously diagnosed manifest strabismus or other ocular abnormalities (per parent report and per medical record):

* H25\* (Cataract)
* H44\* (Disorders of the Globe)
* H50\* (Strabismus)
* H55\* (Irregular Eye Movement and Nystagmus)
* Q15.0 (Congenital Glaucoma)
* Other diagnosis of an ocular abnormality
* Previous spectacle wear, amblyopia therapy, or vision therapy (per parent report and per medical record).

* H53\* (Amblyopia)
* Other spectacle wear, amblyopia therapy, or vision therapy
* Current or previous diagnosis of developmental or neurological conditions (per parent report and per medical record):

* H90.5 Congenital Deafness, and related disorders of hearing loss.
* G40.909 Epilepsy or other seizure disorder.
* P07.34 Prematurity 31 weeks, and other prematurity less than 32 weeks.
* P91.6 Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
* Q90.9 Down Syndrome, and other congenital syndromes associated with developmental delay.
* Q04.4 Septo-Optic Dysplasia
* Q91-Q92 Trisomy Other (13, 18, partial, complete, unbalanced translocations, mosaicism, duplications)
* R62.50 Developmental Delay, and related disorders exhibiting a delay in one or more streams of development (e.g. language, fine motor, gross motor, social).
* Other diagnosis of a developmental or neurological condition
* History of allergic response to dilating eye drops (per parent report):

* Local redness and swelling of the eyelid consistent with contact dermatitis which resulted in the parent being informed that the child had a drug allergy to one of the dilating eye drops (proparacaine or cyclopentolate) or one of the carrier or preservative agents used in the formulation of these drops.
Minimum Eligible Age

12 Months

Maximum Eligible Age

35 Months

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

National Eye Institute (NEI)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Arizona

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Dan Twelker

Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Erin M Harvey, Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Arizona

John D Twelker, O.D., Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Arizona

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

The University of Arizona

Tucson, Arizona, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

UG1EY029657

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

1911187060

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id