Endogenous vs. Exogenous Ketone Bodies

NCT ID: NCT04490226

Last Updated: 2021-10-01

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

8 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-08-21

Study Completion Date

2021-07-23

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Aim of the study is to compare the origin of ketone bodies: endogenous ketone bodies due to 36 hours fasting or 24 hours of ketogenic diet vs. exogenous ketone bodies as supplements additional to normal diet.

Secondary aim of the study is to validate the new metabolic chambers.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Each study week starts with a 3-day run-in period with controlled diet at home and ends with a test-meal (breakfast) in the lab and following food record over the rest of the day at home.

1. week: physical activity level (PAL) 1.3, 3 intervention days in the metabolic chamber: ad libitum energy intake, washout day, isocaloric diet, 36 hours fasting
2. week: physical activity level (PAL) 1.3, 2 intervention days in the metabolic chamber: isocaloric diet, 36 hours fasting
3. week: physical activity level (PAL) 1.6, 2 intervention days in the metabolic chamber: ad libitum energy intake, 36 hours fasting
4. week: physical activity level (PAL) 1.6, 2 intervention days in the metabolic chamber: isocaloric diet, ketogenic diet (isocaloric)
5. week: physical activity level (PAL) 1.6, 2 intervention days in the metabolic chamber: isocaloric diet, isocaloric diet + ketone body supplements (isocaloric)

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Healthy

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

all subjects are undergoing each intervention
Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

fasting, active

36 hours fasting, PAL 1.6

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beta-Hydroxybutyrate as Ca-Mg-salt, active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

24 hour intervention with ketone body supplements additional to a normal diet (isocaloric diet in total) to induce ketosis (exogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

ketogenic diet (KetoCal® 4:1 Neutral, Nutricia GmbH, Erlangen, Germany), active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

24 hour interventions with ketogenic isocaloric diet to induce ketosis (endogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

fasting, active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

fasting, inactive

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3.

The same intervention is reproduced one week later.

ketogenic diet, active

24 hours of ketogenic diet (liquid meals), PAL 1.6

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beta-Hydroxybutyrate as Ca-Mg-salt, active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

24 hour intervention with ketone body supplements additional to a normal diet (isocaloric diet in total) to induce ketosis (exogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

ketogenic diet (KetoCal® 4:1 Neutral, Nutricia GmbH, Erlangen, Germany), active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

24 hour interventions with ketogenic isocaloric diet to induce ketosis (endogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

fasting, active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

fasting, inactive

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3.

The same intervention is reproduced one week later.

exogeneous ketone bodies, active

24 hours of ketone body supplements (Beta-Hydroxybutyrate as Ca-Mg-salt) additional to a normal diet (liquid meals), PAL 1.6

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beta-Hydroxybutyrate as Ca-Mg-salt, active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

24 hour intervention with ketone body supplements additional to a normal diet (isocaloric diet in total) to induce ketosis (exogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

ketogenic diet (KetoCal® 4:1 Neutral, Nutricia GmbH, Erlangen, Germany), active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

24 hour interventions with ketogenic isocaloric diet to induce ketosis (endogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

fasting, active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

fasting, inactive

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3.

The same intervention is reproduced one week later.

fasting, inactive

36 hours fasting, PAL 1.3

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beta-Hydroxybutyrate as Ca-Mg-salt, active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

24 hour intervention with ketone body supplements additional to a normal diet (isocaloric diet in total) to induce ketosis (exogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

ketogenic diet (KetoCal® 4:1 Neutral, Nutricia GmbH, Erlangen, Germany), active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

24 hour interventions with ketogenic isocaloric diet to induce ketosis (endogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

fasting, active

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

fasting, inactive

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3.

The same intervention is reproduced one week later.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Beta-Hydroxybutyrate as Ca-Mg-salt, active

24 hour intervention with ketone body supplements additional to a normal diet (isocaloric diet in total) to induce ketosis (exogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

ketogenic diet (KetoCal® 4:1 Neutral, Nutricia GmbH, Erlangen, Germany), active

24 hour interventions with ketogenic isocaloric diet to induce ketosis (endogenous ketone bodies), in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

fasting, active

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.6.

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

fasting, inactive

36 hours of fasting, in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3, after one day of isocaloric diet in a metabolic chamber at physical activity level of 1.3.

The same intervention is reproduced one week later.

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* healthy
* BMI 19-29 kg/m2
* low-medium habitual physical activity
* women using hormonal contraceptive

Exclusion Criteria

* smoking
* chronic illnesses
* food allergies / intolerances
* vegans and vegetarians
* regular high physical activity (exercise \>1 hour/d)
* current weight loss diet / weight loss of \>5 kg in the last 3 months
* pregnant / lactating women
* persons incapable of giving informed legal consent
Minimum Eligible Age

20 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

35 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of Kiel

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Prof. Dr. Dr. Anja Bosy-Westphal

Prof. Anja Bosy-Westphal, PhD, MD

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Anja Bosy-Westphal, PhD, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Institute of Human Nutrition, Kiel University

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Institute of Human Nutrition

Kiel, , Germany

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Germany

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Hagele FA, Dorner R, Koop J, Lubken M, Seidel U, Rimbach G, Muller MJ, Bosy-Westphal A. Impact of one-day fasting, ketogenic diet or exogenous ketones on control of energy balance in healthy participants. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Jun;55:292-299. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.03.025. Epub 2023 Apr 10.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37202059 (View on PubMed)

Dorner R, Hagele FA, Koop J, Rising R, Foerster T, Olsen T, Hasler M, Muller MJ, Bosy-Westphal A. Validation of energy expenditure and macronutrient oxidation measured by two new whole-room indirect calorimeters. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Sep;30(9):1796-1805. doi: 10.1002/oby.23527. Epub 2022 Aug 4.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 35927795 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

ABW-2020-VK

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Variations in Ketone Metabolism
NCT05924295 RECRUITING NA
Exogenous Ketones and Behavior
NCT06515717 RECRUITING NA