Exercise Effects on Insulin, Gut Peptides, and Appetite

NCT ID: NCT01891617

Last Updated: 2016-06-13

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 16 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2010-11-30
• Study Completion Date: 2013-03-31

Brief Summary

Determine whether the mid-day suppression of hunger and amplified increase in the release of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) following morning exercise is due to increased fat content of the diet per se or a combination of high fat diet after morning exercise. The action of gut peptides, particularly GLP-1, on gastric emptying is likely to be important in mediating its effects on postprandial appetite and glycemia (Nauck et al. 1997). Our hypothesis is that exercise amplifies gut peptide secretion when diet is enriched with fat, and that this stimulus suppresses the hunger sensation.

Detailed Description

Specific aim: Determine whether a change in macronutrient composition from 60% carbohydrate and 25% fat to 30% carbohydrate and 45% fat is responsible by itself for suppression of hunger and increased secretory response of glucose-dependent insulinotropic hormone (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), or whether these changes depend on preceding exercise. We will measure (a) concentrations of plasma GIP and GLP-1 by chemiluminescent multiplex assay, (b) concentrations of plasma ancetaminophen to assess the gastric emptying rate, (c) concentrations of plasma insulin, and glucagon by radioimmunoassay, and glucose, ketone bodies, and free fatty acids with appropriate spectrophotometric methods, (d) hourly appetite responses with visual analog scale under two conditions: sedentary (SED) and exercise (EX).

Hypothesis: Hunger suppression and secretion of GIP and GLP-1 after the morning meal will be greater with slower gastric emptying rate when a meal consisting of 45% fat and 30% carbohydrate follows three hours after a 2-hour bout of moderate-intensity exercise than in the absence of exercise.

Conditions

Endocrine and Metabolic Responses to Exercise and Diets

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Exercise-high-fat diet

Two bouts of exercise followed by a high-fat meal

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Exercise and diets

Intervention Type: OTHER

Exercise and high-fat diet Exercise and high-carbohydrate diet Sedentary and high-fat diet Sedentary and high-carbohydrate diet

Exercise-high-carbohydrate diet

Two bouts of exercise followed by a high-carbohydrate meal

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Exercise and diets

Intervention Type: OTHER

Exercise and high-fat diet Exercise and high-carbohydrate diet Sedentary and high-fat diet Sedentary and high-carbohydrate diet

Sedentary-high-fat diet

Sedentary trial with two high-fat meals

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Exercise and diets

Intervention Type: OTHER

Exercise and high-fat diet Exercise and high-carbohydrate diet Sedentary and high-fat diet Sedentary and high-carbohydrate diet

Sedentary-high-carbohydrate diet

Sedentary trial with two high-carbohydrate meals

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Exercise and diets

Intervention Type: OTHER

Exercise and high-fat diet Exercise and high-carbohydrate diet Sedentary and high-fat diet Sedentary and high-carbohydrate diet

Interventions

Exercise and diets

Exercise and high-fat diet Exercise and high-carbohydrate diet Sedentary and high-fat diet Sedentary and high-carbohydrate diet

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Postmenopausal status
• Age 50 to 65 years
• BMI between 20 and 30 kg/m2.
• Good health status (normotensive, fasting glucose < 100 mg/dl, , hematocrit > 32%, hemoglobin >12 mg/dl)
• Absence of restricted food intake
• Absence of endocrine and metabolic disorders requiring medication other than hormonally corrected hypothyroidism
• Absence of musculoskeletal disabilities that would prevent walking

• Unwillingness to follow study protocol.

Exclusion Criteria

• Presence of endocrine and metabolic disease requiring medication, other than hormonally corrected hypothyroidism
• Presence of musculoskeletal disabilities that would prevent walking
• Smoking
• Active dieting

• Minimum Eligible Age: 50 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 65 Years
• Eligible Sex: FEMALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Michigan

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Dr. Katarina Borer

Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Katarina Borer, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Michigan

Locations

Michigan Clinical Research Unit

Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

R15DK082800

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

R15DK082800-XFG

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id