The Flipped Classroom Approach in Ophthalmology Residency

NCT ID: NCT04381676

Last Updated: 2020-05-11

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

110 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-10-01

Study Completion Date

2018-08-01

Brief Summary

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This study aims to evaluate the flipped classroom approach compared to the traditional classroom approach in teaching horizontal strabismus in ophthalmology residency didactics.

Detailed Description

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Ophthalmology residents (post-graduate years 2-4) from 11 institutions were invited to participate. Participating residents were taught esotropia and exotropia topics sequentially, randomized by order and classroom style (flipped classroom vs. traditional lecture) one to three weeks apart. Participants were assigned a pre-class video lecture prior to the flipped classroom in-class case-based activity. The traditional classroom included a preparatory reading assignment and an in-person lecture delivered by the same instructor. Participants completed three identical 5-question content assessments (pre-test, post-test, and 3-month retention) and opinion surveys following each classroom.

Conditions

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Educational Problems

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

CASE_CROSSOVER

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Flipped Classroom

Residents in the flipped classroom were assigned a pre-class video lecture prior to completing the flipped classroom in-class case-based activity in groups of 2-3 each.

Flipped Classroom Approach

Intervention Type OTHER

In the Flipped Classroom, participants form groups of 2-3 and are instructed to work together through clinical cases of the in-class case based activity, committing to group answers to the clinical questions before advancing to the next case. At the end of class, the faculty instructor facilitated a short interactive group discussion.

Traditional Classroom

Residents in the traditional classroom were assigned a pre-class reading assignment followed by a 44-minute lecture that was delivered in-person using PowerPoint.

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Flipped Classroom Approach

In the Flipped Classroom, participants form groups of 2-3 and are instructed to work together through clinical cases of the in-class case based activity, committing to group answers to the clinical questions before advancing to the next case. At the end of class, the faculty instructor facilitated a short interactive group discussion.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Ophthalmology residents of all levels (PGY2-PGY4) from 11 residency programs were invited to participate in this study

Exclusion Criteria

* Those who did not complete both classroom styles were excluded from the survey data
* Those who lost their study-IDs were excluded from the results analysis
Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of Washington

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Michelle T. Cabrera

Associate Professor, School of Medicine

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Michelle T Cabrera, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Washington

Locations

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Department of Ophthalmology - University of Washington

Seattle, Washington, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A revision of Bloom's taxonomy: an overview. Theory into practice, 41(4), 212-218.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Cabrera MT, Yanovitch TL, Gandhi NG, Ding L, Enyedi LB. The flipped-classroom approach to teaching horizontal strabismus in ophthalmology residency: a pilot study. J AAPOS. 2019 Aug;23(4):200.e1-200.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2019.02.009. Epub 2019 Jun 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31229609 (View on PubMed)

Casasola T SK, Nguyen T, Warschauer M. Can flipping the classroom work? Evidence from undergraduate chemistry. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. 2017;29(3):421-435.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Baepler PM WJ, Driessen M. It's not about seat time: Blending, flipping, and efficiency in active learning classrooms. Computers & Education. 2014;78:227-236.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

O'Flaherty J PC. The use of flipped classrooms in higher education: A scoping review. The Internet and Higher Education. 2015;25:85-95.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Nouri, J. The flipped classroom: for active, effective and increased learning - especially for low achievers. Int J Educ Technol High Educ 13, 33 (2016).

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Soriano RP, Blatt B, Coplit L, CichoskiKelly E, Kosowicz L, Newman L, Pasquale SJ, Pretorius R, Rosen JM, Saks NS, Greenberg L. Teaching medical students how to teach: a national survey of students-as-teachers programs in U.S. medical schools. Acad Med. 2010 Nov;85(11):1725-31. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181f53273.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20881824 (View on PubMed)

Yu TC, Wilson NC, Singh PP, Lemanu DP, Hawken SJ, Hill AG. Medical students-as-teachers: a systematic review of peer-assisted teaching during medical school. Adv Med Educ Pract. 2011 Jun 23;2:157-72. doi: 10.2147/AMEP.S14383. Print 2011.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23745087 (View on PubMed)

Freeman S, Eddy SL, McDonough M, Smith MK, Okoroafor N, Jordt H, Wenderoth MP. Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jun 10;111(23):8410-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1319030111. Epub 2014 May 12.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24821756 (View on PubMed)

Wolff M, Wagner MJ, Poznanski S, Schiller J, Santen S. Not another boring lecture: engaging learners with active learning techniques. J Emerg Med. 2015 Jan;48(1):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.09.010. Epub 2014 Oct 13.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25440868 (View on PubMed)

Young TP, Bailey CJ, Guptill M, Thorp AW, Thomas TL. The flipped classroom: a modality for mixed asynchronous and synchronous learning in a residency program. West J Emerg Med. 2014 Nov;15(7):938-44. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2014.10.23515. Epub 2014 Oct 29.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25493157 (View on PubMed)

Riddell J, Jhun P, Fung CC, Comes J, Sawtelle S, Tabatabai R, Joseph D, Shoenberger J, Chen E, Fee C, Swadron SP. Does the Flipped Classroom Improve Learning in Graduate Medical Education? J Grad Med Educ. 2017 Aug;9(4):491-496. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-16-00817.1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28824764 (View on PubMed)

Martinelli SM, Chen F, DiLorenzo AN, Mayer DC, Fairbanks S, Moran K, Ku C, Mitchell JD, Bowe EA, Royal KD, Hendrickse A, VanDyke K, Trawicki MC, Rankin D, Guldan GJ, Hand W, Gallagher C, Jacob Z, Zvara DA, McEvoy MD, Schell RM. Results of a Flipped Classroom Teaching Approach in Anesthesiology Residents. J Grad Med Educ. 2017 Aug;9(4):485-490. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-17-00128.1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28824763 (View on PubMed)

Marchalot A, Dureuil B, Veber B, Fellahi JL, Hanouz JL, Dupont H, Lorne E, Gerard JL, Compere V. Effectiveness of a blended learning course and flipped classroom in first year anaesthesia training. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2018 Oct;37(5):411-415. doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2017.10.008. Epub 2017 Nov 22.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29175318 (View on PubMed)

Allenbaugh J, Spagnoletti C, Berlacher K. Effects of a Flipped Classroom Curriculum on Inpatient Cardiology Resident Education. J Grad Med Educ. 2019 Apr;11(2):196-201. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-18-00543.1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31024653 (View on PubMed)

Bachorik A, Nemer MK, Chen GL, Alexander CB, Pelletier SR, Pace LE, Shields HM. Case-Based Curriculum With Integrated Smartphone Applications Improves Internal Medicine Resident Knowledge Of Contraceptive Care. Adv Med Educ Pract. 2019 Nov 19;10:971-977. doi: 10.2147/AMEP.S221256. eCollection 2019.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31819696 (View on PubMed)

Moulton ST, Turkay S, Kosslyn SM. Does a presentation's medium affect its message? PowerPoint, Prezi, and oral presentations. PLoS One. 2017 Jul 5;12(7):e0178774. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178774. eCollection 2017.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28678855 (View on PubMed)

Låg, T., & Sæle, R. G. (2019). Does the Flipped Classroom Improve Student Learning and Satisfaction? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. AERA Open.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Hew KF, Lo CK. Flipped classroom improves student learning in health professions education: a meta-analysis. BMC Med Educ. 2018 Mar 15;18(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s12909-018-1144-z.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29544495 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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STUDY00001185

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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