Incline Positioning in COVID-19 Patients for Improvement in Oxygen Saturation

NCT ID: NCT04344561

Last Updated: 2022-06-06

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 7 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-05-25
• Study Completion Date: 2022-05-01

Brief Summary

COVID-19 is a respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 with a range of symptoms from mild, self-limiting respiratory tract infections to severe progressive pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction and death. A portion of individuals with COVID-19 experience life-threatening hypoxia requiring supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation. Management of hypoxia in this population is complicated by contraindication of non-invasive ventilation and limitations in access to mechanical ventilation and critical care staff given the clinical burden of disease. Positional therapy is readily deployable and may ultimately be used to treat COVID-19 related respiratory failure in resources limited settings; and, it has been demonstrated to improve oxygenation and is easy to implement in the clinical setting.

The overall goal of this randomized controlled trial is to establish the feasibility of performing a randomized trial using a simple, minimally invasive positional therapy approach to improve hypoxia and reduce progression to mechanical ventilation. The objectives are to examine the effectiveness and feasibility of maintaining an inclined position in patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 associated hypoxemic respiratory failure. The investigators hypothesize that (1) oxyhemoglobin saturation will improve with therapy, (2) participants will tolerate and adhere to the intervention, and that (3) participants who adhere to positional therapy will have reduced rates of mechanical ventilation at 72 hours. If successful, this feasibility trial will demonstrate that a simple, readily deployed nocturnal postural maneuver is well tolerated and reverses underlying defects in ventilation and oxygenation due to COVID-19. It will also inform the design of a pivotal Phase III trial with estimates of sample sizes for clinically relevant outcomes.

Detailed Description

Study Design: The investigators will conduct a pilot study to examine the acute effects of inclined posture on oxyhemoglobin saturation and the feasibility of conducting randomized controlled clinical trial among patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19-associated hypoxia.

In a subgroup of participants, the investigators will examine the acute effect of postural therapy (15-degree incline on hospital beds) on oxyhemoglobin saturation among hypoxic patients to establish a biologic response. The investigators will enroll a subset of participants (n=16) who will lie supine on hospital beds, which will be placed in the horizontal (flat) or 15-degree inclined (reverse Trendelenberg) orientation in random order. During this time, the investigators will continuous record pulse oximetry, pulse rate and variations in peripheral arterial tone with WatchPAT one devices. Subjects will be visually monitored for work of breathing during this time. If work of breathing becomes excessive, as defined as a sustain respiratory rate of >25 and an increase of >5 breaths per minute from baseline, or oxygenation decreases below 88% for > 30 seconds in the inclined position, then maneuvers will be stopped. If the patient meets these criteria in the flat position, then the investigators sit the patient upright, and allow breathing to return to baseline before examining responses in the inclined position.

The investigators will randomize participants to have beds placed in 15-degree incline or usual care (ad-lib positioning) for 72 hours. During the first night in a subgroup of participants, the investigators will record oxygenation, sleep wake state and markers of sympathetic activity with WatchPAT One devices, which can obtain cardiopulmonary parameters with high temporal resolution. The investigators will obtain vital signs from the data warehouse, which archives telemetry data with a maximum sampling frequency of 1 minute. The investigators will record adherence with continuous accelerometry sensors placed on the bed rails and on the anterolateral surface of participants' chests to measure bed and participants' positions, respectively. Aside from position, participants will receive usual treatment for COVID-19.

The investigators will enroll in 3 phases. At the end of each phase, the investigators will assess for completion of milestones for proceeding to the subsequent phase, as detailed below:

1. Pilot Study: The investigators will pilot the study in 16 participants to obtain critical information on logistics of conducting the trial including performance of recording instruments in a biocontainment environment, to examine the feasibility of the intervention, perform preliminary safety evaluations to ascertain potential harm and to determine whether the intervention results in a meaningful difference in body position.

2. Phase II RCT: If inclined therapy results in a difference in body position and no significant safety issues were detected, the investigators will conduct a phase II randomized-controlled trial (RCT) in 70 participants (see sample size calculation below) to estimate the effect size of inclined position on rates of intubation and determine sample size for a Phase III trial.

Randomization will be occur in both phases and will be stratified by study phase and study site.

Conditions

COVID; Hypoxic Respiratory Failure

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Postural Positioning

Participants in the group will have hospital beds placed in 15 degree (reverse Trendelenburg).

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Postural Positioning

Intervention Type: OTHER

Investigators will adjust the positioning of hospital beds to assess improvements in oxygenation and respiratory status.

Standard Care

Participants in this group will have beds managed per standard nursing protocol.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Postural Positioning

Investigators will adjust the positioning of hospital beds to assess improvements in oxygenation and respiratory status.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• COVID-19 positive
• Pneumonia defined as hospitalization for acute (< 7 days) onset of symptoms (cough, sputum production, or dyspnea).
• Hypoxemia defined as ≥ 2 L/min oxygen

Exclusion Criteria

• Intubation
• Inability to lie supine

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Johns Hopkins University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Luu Pham, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Johns Hopkins University

Locations

Johns Hopkins Bayview Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Johns Hopkins Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Countries

United States

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Other Identifiers

IRB00246834

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id