Preventing Violence by Teachers

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

914 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-04-08

Study Completion Date

2020-12-31

Brief Summary

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Brief Summary:

Violence against children is regarded as a key contributor to poverty and damages lifetime prospects for children in disadvantaged communities. However, physical violence is legally accepted as a disciplinary measure in schools in 68 states worldwide. For example, in Tanzania, corporal punishment is still lawful at school. It is thus not surprising that recently very high rates of violence (\~90%) were found at secondary schools. For children of primary school age, no such information is available from representative samples to date.

Moreover, in recent studies teachers often report having to resort to violent disciplinary methods referring to a lack of nonviolent disciplinary alternatives . However, only few interventions that aim at equipping teachers with non-violent action alternatives in Sub-Saharan Africa have been implemented, and even fewer have been scientifically evaluated.

Thus, in this study the investigators will implement and assess the efficacy of an intervention aimed at reducing the use of harsh and violent disciplinary measures in schools. Interaction Competencies with Children - for Teacher (ICC-T) aims to enable teachers to use non-violent disciplinary measures and to strengthen their competencies in non-violent interactions. Previously its feasibility and efficacy were proven in secondary schools in Tanzania. The present study aims to adapt ICC-T to, and evaluate its efficacy on, primary school level. The training is expected to improve the teacher-student relationships, change teacher's attitudes towards corporal punishment and their use of violent disciplinary measures.

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Detailed Description

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Sampling will be based on a matched cluster randomized controlled trial design. Study participants (i.e. students, teachers) will be recruited from 6 regions in Tanzania. In each region two primary schools from different districts will be included. From each school 80 pupils and minimum 20 teachers will be recruited. The final sample will comprise 960 pupils in the age-range between 9 and 12 years and at least 240 teachers from 12 different primary schools.

From each region one primary schools will be randomly allocated to the intervention group (that will receive the ICC-T intervention training) and the control group (that will receive no training). The study will have two data assessment points: baseline assessment prior to the intervention and follow-up assessment three months after the intervention. In addition, feasibility data will be assessed in the intervention group at the beginning and the end of the intervention.

Study measures will cover the following topics: socio-demographic data, common disciplinary measure used at school, attitudes towards violent discipline measures, students' mental health problems.

Conditions

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Violence by Teachers

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

FACTORIAL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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ICC-T

Interactions Competencies with Children - for Teachers (ICC-T) 5.5 days with 8 hours of training for teachers. Core training components include teacher-student interaction, maltreatment prevention, effective discipline strategies, identifying and supporting burdened students and implementation of the training materials into the school setting

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Interactions Competencies with Children - for Teachers (ICC-T)

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Core training components include teacher-student interaction, maltreatment prevention, effective discipline strategies, identifying and supporting burdened students and implementation of the training materials into the school setting.

Control

The control schools do not receive any intervention

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Interactions Competencies with Children - for Teachers (ICC-T)

Core training components include teacher-student interaction, maltreatment prevention, effective discipline strategies, identifying and supporting burdened students and implementation of the training materials into the school setting.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL