Good Schools Study

NCT ID: NCT01678846

Last Updated: 2016-01-26

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

3820 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2012-06-30

Study Completion Date

2014-07-31

Brief Summary

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The purpose of this study is to determine whether use of the Good Schools Toolkit is effective in reducing violence against children in primary schools.

Detailed Description

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Violence against children has profound effects on both children's health and their ability to do well at school. Fear, anxiety and injuries caused by violence may play a large role in both children's absenteeism and low educational achievement, and there is increasing interest from large bilateral donors in investigating this link in low income countries. The Good School Toolkit has been developed and refined for 6 years in Uganda by Raising Voices. The toolkit takes a systemic approach, involving an entire school in a process of change to reduce violence and improve teaching techniques. The Toolkit draws on the Transtheoretical Model and incorporates standard behaviour change techniques such as setting a goal and making an action plan, which are effective in modifying behaviour. This study aims to determine whether use of the Good School Toolkit reduces children's experience of violence by school staff. The investigators will also examine the effects of the Toolkit on children's educational outcomes, mental health and well-being.

The investigators will conduct a cluster randomised controlled trial in 40 primary schools in Luwero District, Uganda. More than 3500 children in Primary 5, 6 and 7 will be surveyed (aged about 11-16 years). Half of the schools will receive the Toolkit, and other half will be put on a waiting list to receive the Toolkit at the end of the study. The results from this evaluation will be used to brief policy-makers within the Ministry of Education and Sports involved in developing country-wide policy and practice around violence against children in schools.

Conditions

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Physical Violence Educational Achievement Mental Health Sexual Violence Violence Against Children

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Good School Toolkit

Schools in the intervention arm will receive the Good Schools Toolkit materials and implementation support.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Good School Toolkit

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The Toolkit uses a six step process to create a school wide intervention that engages teachers, students, administration, and parents to reflect on how they can promote quality of education in their school. The Toolkit articulates complex ideas (what is a good learning environment, a good teacher, how to create positive discipline without using violence) through booklets, posters and school initiated learning processes. Specific modules on alternative discipline techniques and how staff can use positive discipline are included in the Toolkit. The intervention includes sessions on knowledge, attitudes and opportunities to practice new behavioural skills. Work is led by teachers and students, and supported by visits from Raising Voices staff. The Toolkit can be reviewed at (http://www.raisingvoices.org/children/good\_school\_toolkit.php).

Control

Schools in this arm will receive the Good Schools Toolkit materials and some implementation support after the end of the trial.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Good School Toolkit

The Toolkit uses a six step process to create a school wide intervention that engages teachers, students, administration, and parents to reflect on how they can promote quality of education in their school. The Toolkit articulates complex ideas (what is a good learning environment, a good teacher, how to create positive discipline without using violence) through booklets, posters and school initiated learning processes. Specific modules on alternative discipline techniques and how staff can use positive discipline are included in the Toolkit. The intervention includes sessions on knowledge, attitudes and opportunities to practice new behavioural skills. Work is led by teachers and students, and supported by visits from Raising Voices staff. The Toolkit can be reviewed at (http://www.raisingvoices.org/children/good\_school\_toolkit.php).

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Schools

* in Luwero District, Uganda
* more than 40 students registered in Primary 5
* Participants

* registered as a Primary 5, 6 or 7 pupil
* any school staff member

Exclusion Criteria

* Schools

\-- existing program related to prevention of violence against children or school governance
* Participants -- not able to understand consent and study procedures
Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Raising Voices

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Institute of Education, UK

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

Makerere University

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Karen M Devries, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

Locations

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District-wide

Multiple, Luwero District, Uganda

Site Status

Countries

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Uganda

References

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Knight L, Atuhaire L, Bhatia A, Allen E, Namy S, Anton-Erxleben K, Nakuti J, Mirembe A, Nakiboneka M, Seeley J, Weiss HA, Parkes J, Bonell C, Naker D, Devries K. Violence outcomes in later adolescence with the Good School Toolkit-Primary: a nonrandomized controlled trial in Uganda. BMC Public Health. 2024 Jun 7;24(1):1532. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19024-5.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 38849782 (View on PubMed)

Carlson C, Namy S, Norcini Pala A, Wainberg ML, Michau L, Nakuti J, Knight L, Allen E, Ikenberg C, Naker D, Devries K. Violence against children and intimate partner violence against women: overlap and common contributing factors among caregiver-adolescent dyads. BMC Public Health. 2020 Jan 29;20(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-8115-0.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 31996179 (View on PubMed)

Devries K, Parkes J, Knight L, Allen E, Namy S, Datzberger S, Nalukenge W, Atuhaire L, Kyegombe N, Walakira E, Seeley J, Weiss HA, Naker D. Context of Violence in Adolescence Cohort (CoVAC) study: protocol for a mixed methods longitudinal study in Uganda. BMC Public Health. 2020 Jan 13;20(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7654-8.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 31931768 (View on PubMed)

Knight L, Allen E, Mirembe A, Nakuti J, Namy S, Child JC, Sturgess J, Kyegombe N, Walakira EJ, Elbourne D, Naker D, Devries KM. Implementation of the Good School Toolkit in Uganda: a quantitative process evaluation of a successful violence prevention program. BMC Public Health. 2018 May 9;18(1):608. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5462-1.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 29743105 (View on PubMed)

Devries K, Kuper H, Knight L, Allen E, Kyegombe N, Banks LM, Kelly S, Naker D. Reducing Physical Violence Toward Primary School Students With Disabilities. J Adolesc Health. 2018 Mar;62(3):303-310. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.09.004. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 29217214 (View on PubMed)

Kayiwa J, Clarke K, Knight L, Allen E, Walakira E, Namy S, Merrill KG, Naker D, Devries K. Effect of the good school toolkit on school staff mental health, sense of job satisfaction and perceptions of school climate: Secondary analysis of a cluster randomised trial. Prev Med. 2017 Aug;101:84-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.05.022. Epub 2017 Jun 2.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 28579503 (View on PubMed)

Grundlingh H, Knight L, Naker D, Devries K. Secondary distress in violence researchers: a randomised trial of the effectiveness of group debriefings. BMC Psychiatry. 2017 Jun 2;17(1):204. doi: 10.1186/s12888-017-1327-x.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 28578682 (View on PubMed)

Devries KM, Knight L, Child JC, Kyegombe N, Hossain M, Lees S, Watts C, Naker D. Witnessing intimate partner violence and child maltreatment in Ugandan children: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open. 2017 Feb 28;7(2):e013583. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013583.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 28246136 (View on PubMed)

Thumann BF, Nur U, Naker D, Devries KM. Primary school students' mental health in Uganda and its association with school violence, connectedness, and school characteristics: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2016 Jul 29;16:662. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3351-z.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 27473040 (View on PubMed)

Clarke K, Patalay P, Allen E, Knight L, Naker D, Devries K. Patterns and predictors of violence against children in Uganda: a latent class analysis. BMJ Open. 2016 May 24;6(5):e010443. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010443.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 27221125 (View on PubMed)

Devries KM, Child JC, Elbourne D, Naker D, Heise L. "I never expected that it would happen, coming to ask me such questions":Ethical aspects of asking children about violence in resource poor settings. Trials. 2015 Nov 11;16:516. doi: 10.1186/s13063-015-1004-7.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 26558829 (View on PubMed)

Devries KM, Knight L, Child JC, Mirembe A, Nakuti J, Jones R, Sturgess J, Allen E, Kyegombe N, Parkes J, Walakira E, Elbourne D, Watts C, Naker D. The Good School Toolkit for reducing physical violence from school staff to primary school students: a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Uganda. Lancet Glob Health. 2015 Jul;3(7):e378-86. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00060-1.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 26087985 (View on PubMed)

Child JC, Naker D, Horton J, Walakira EJ, Devries KM. Responding to abuse: Children's experiences of child protection in a central district, Uganda. Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Oct;38(10):1647-58. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.06.009. Epub 2014 Jul 14.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 25035172 (View on PubMed)

Devries KM, Allen E, Child JC, Walakira E, Parkes J, Elbourne D, Watts C, Naker D. The Good Schools Toolkit to prevent violence against children in Ugandan primary schools: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2013 Jul 24;14:232. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-14-232.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 23883138 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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LSHTM_6183

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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