Community Salt Testing and Relation of Iodine Intake to Visual Information Processing of Ethiopian Infants
NCT ID: NCT03889431
Last Updated: 2019-03-26
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
106 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2013-01-02
2013-08-10
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Iodine deficiency disorders can be prevented and controlled by providing iodine and iodine can be provided in different ways. However, the United Nations Children's Fund and the World Health Organization jointly recommended salt iodization where iodized salt is accessible. Iodized salt is a safe, cost effective and sustainable strategy to ensure sufficient intake of iodine by all individuals and to improve maternal and infant health. However, although the effect of iodine on human health is well established efficacy of iodized salt has not been studied.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Capsule group
Group one received iodine capsule
Iodine capsule
225 µg of iodine daily as a capsule of potassium iodide
Iodized salt group
Group two received iodized salt
Iodized Salt
450 g iodized salt provided for the household weekly. Salt iodine content was 30 to 40 mg iodine /kg salt as KIO3
Interventions
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Iodine capsule
225 µg of iodine daily as a capsule of potassium iodide
Iodized Salt
450 g iodized salt provided for the household weekly. Salt iodine content was 30 to 40 mg iodine /kg salt as KIO3
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Mothers had to volunteer to participate in the study.
Exclusion Criteria
* If infants had fever, cough or severe (\>3/day) diarrhea
* Any allergic reaction such as acne, weakness, or foul breath
18 Years
45 Years
FEMALE
Yes
Sponsors
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Oklahoma State University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Barbara Stoecker
Regents Professor
Principal Investigators
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Tafere Gebreegziabher, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Central Washington University & Hawassa University
Locations
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Hawassa University
Awasa, , Ethiopia
Countries
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References
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Chan S, Kilby MD. Thyroid hormone and central nervous system development. J Endocrinol. 2000 Apr;165(1):1-8. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1650001. No abstract available.
Zimmermann MB. The effects of iodine deficiency in pregnancy and infancy. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2012 Jul;26 Suppl 1:108-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01275.x.
Zimmermann MB. The Importance of Adequate Iodine during Pregnancy and Infancy. World Rev Nutr Diet. 2016;115:118-24. doi: 10.1159/000442078. Epub 2016 May 19.
Dold S, Zimmermann MB, Jukic T, Kusic Z, Jia Q, Sang Z, Quirino A, San Luis TOL, Fingerhut R, Kupka R, Timmer A, Garrett GS, Andersson M. Universal Salt Iodization Provides Sufficient Dietary Iodine to Achieve Adequate Iodine Nutrition during the First 1000 Days: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study. J Nutr. 2018 Apr 1;148(4):587-598. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxy015.
Robinson SM, Crozier SR, Miles EA, Gale CR, Calder PC, Cooper C, Inskip HM, Godfrey KM. Preconception Maternal Iodine Status Is Positively Associated with IQ but Not with Measures of Executive Function in Childhood. J Nutr. 2018 Jun 1;148(6):959-966. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxy054.
Vongchana M, Ounjaijean S, Tongsong T, Traisrisilp K. The effectiveness of iodine supplementation during pregnancies in geographical areas of high prevalence of iodine insufficiency. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018 Aug;38(6):756-761. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2017.1410534. Epub 2018 Mar 12.
WHO Secretariat; Andersson M, de Benoist B, Delange F, Zupan J. Prevention and control of iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating women and in children less than 2-years-old: conclusions and recommendations of the Technical Consultation. Public Health Nutr. 2007 Dec;10(12A):1606-11. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007361004. No abstract available.
Zimmermann MB. Iodine deficiency in pregnancy and the effects of maternal iodine supplementation on the offspring: a review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Feb;89(2):668S-72S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26811C. Epub 2008 Dec 16.
Vejbjerg P, Knudsen N, Perrild H, Carle A, Laurberg P, Pedersen IB, Rasmussen LB, Ovesen L, Jorgensen T. Effect of a mandatory iodization program on thyroid gland volume based on individuals' age, gender, and preceding severity of dietary iodine deficiency: a prospective, population-based study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Apr;92(4):1397-401. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-2580. Epub 2007 Jan 30.
Gebreegziabher T, Stoecker BJ. Comparison of two sources of iodine delivery on breast milk iodine and maternal and infant urinary iodine concentrations in southern Ethiopia: A randomized trial. Food Sci Nutr. 2017 Apr 7;5(4):921-928. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.477. eCollection 2017 Jul.
Kennedy T, Thomas DG, Woltamo T, Abebe Y, Hubbs-Tait L, Sykova V, Stoecker BJ, Hambidge KM. Growth and Visual Information Processing in Infants in Southern Ethiopia. J Appl Dev Psychol. 2008 Mar 1;29(2):129-140. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2007.12.003.
Reynolds GD. Infant visual attention and object recognition. Behav Brain Res. 2015 May 15;285:34-43. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.01.015. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
Santiago P, Velasco I, Muela JA, Sanchez B, Martinez J, Rodriguez A, Berrio M, Gutierrez-Repiso C, Carreira M, Moreno A, Garcia-Fuentes E, Soriguer F. Infant neurocognitive development is independent of the use of iodised salt or iodine supplements given during pregnancy. Br J Nutr. 2013 Sep 14;110(5):831-9. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512005880. Epub 2013 Feb 4.
Velasco I, Carreira M, Santiago P, Muela JA, Garcia-Fuentes E, Sanchez-Munoz B, Garriga MJ, Gonzalez-Fernandez MC, Rodriguez A, Caballero FF, Machado A, Gonzalez-Romero S, Anarte MT, Soriguer F. Effect of iodine prophylaxis during pregnancy on neurocognitive development of children during the first two years of life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Sep;94(9):3234-41. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-2652. Epub 2009 Jun 30.
Delange F. Iodine requirements during pregnancy, lactation and the neonatal period and indicators of optimal iodine nutrition. Public Health Nutr. 2007 Dec;10(12A):1571-80; discussion 1581-3. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007360941.
Bouhouch RR, Bouhouch S, Cherkaoui M, Aboussad A, Stinca S, Haldimann M, Andersson M, Zimmermann MB. Direct iodine supplementation of infants versus supplementation of their breastfeeding mothers: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014 Mar;2(3):197-209. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(13)70155-4. Epub 2013 Nov 22.
Antonangeli L, Maccherini D, Cavaliere R, Di Giulio C, Reinhardt B, Pinchera A, Aghini-Lombardi F. Comparison of two different doses of iodide in the prevention of gestational goiter in marginal iodine deficiency: a longitudinal study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002 Jul;147(1):29-34. doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1470029.
Rohner F, Zimmermann M, Jooste P, Pandav C, Caldwell K, Raghavan R, Raiten DJ. Biomarkers of nutrition for development--iodine review. J Nutr. 2014 Aug;144(8):1322S-1342S. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.181974. Epub 2014 Jun 25.
Ghirri P, Lunardi S, Boldrini A. Iodine supplementation in the newborn. Nutrients. 2014 Jan 20;6(1):382-90. doi: 10.3390/nu6010382.
Taylor RM, Fealy SM, Bisquera A, Smith R, Collins CE, Evans TJ, Hure AJ. Effects of Nutritional Interventions during Pregnancy on Infant and Child Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2017 Nov 20;9(11):1265. doi: 10.3390/nu9111265.
Other Identifiers
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HE1156
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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