The Effect of Different Dental Implant Surface Characteristics on Immunological and Microbiological Parameters
NCT ID: NCT03693196
Last Updated: 2018-10-02
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
COMPLETED
NA
71 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2016-11-30
2017-11-30
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
Material and methods: In this study, 71 implants of 37 patients were assessed. The patients were grouped according to the surface characteristics of the implants. Group 1: SLA surface, Group 2: Fluorine modifying surface, Group 3:Anodization surface Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depths (PD), clinical attachment levels (CAL) and keratinized tissue width (KTW) were measured. Peri-implant sulcus fluid and subgingival plaque samples were collected.
Results: PI was found to be significantly lowest in Group 1, higher in Group 3. Group 3 implants were found to have more bleeding on probing significantly. It was found to be higher peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis in Group 3. GI, PD, CAL, KTW were not found to differ between groups. No significant differences were found between TNF-α, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, OPG. While F. nucleatum, T. forsythia, T. denticola and P. intermedia were found to be significant highest in Group 3, P. gingivalis and S. oralis were found to be high in Group 2.
Conclusion: Peri-implantitis rate, BOP and PI were found to be higher in Group 3. F. nucleatum, T. forsythia, T. denticola, and P. intermedia were found to be significantly high in Group 3 implants. This situation can be associated with the porous structure of anodized surface.
Related Clinical Trials
Explore similar clinical trials based on study characteristics and research focus.
Comparison of Short and Standard Dental Implants
NCT04475406
The Influence of Mucosal Tissue Thickness on Soft and Hard Tissue Changes Around Implants
NCT02580721
Peri-implant Phenotype, Calprotectin and Mmp-8 Levels in Cases Diagnosed With Peri-implant Disease
NCT06173739
An Exploratory Clinical Investigation Evaluating Two Abutment Surfaces
NCT06557447
The Impact of Peri-implant Soft Tissue Properties on Patient-reported and Clinically Assessed Outcomes
NCT03396536
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
The objective of this study is to assess comparatively the levels of TNF-α, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, OPG, which are immunological markers of peri-implant disease and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Treponema denticola (T. denticola), Tannerella forsythia (T. forsythia), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia), Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis), which are microbiological agents of peri implantitis, in areas where SLA, fluorine-modified and anodized implant surfaces are used.
2. \| MATERIAL AND METHODS 2.1 \| Study Population The study was conducted by calling back patients whose partial missing teeth were treated with implant supported fixed restorations at Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology and whose implants had been functioning for at least a year. The inclusion criteria of the study were not having any systemic disorders that can affect bone metabolism and wound healing, being older than 18, having prostheses in the posterior area, having received cement retained implant prosthesis in which standard abutment was used, having implant prosthesis which had been functioning for at least a year, not having received bone augmentation procedure or advanced implant surgery during implant surgery, not having received periodontal treatment during the previous year, and having received one of SLA, fluorine modified or anodized implants. The exclusion criteria were uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and other uncontrolled diseases, pregnancy, lactation, aggressive periodontitis, overdenture patients and parafunctional habits such as bruxism. In the study, 71 implants of 37 patients, 24 females and 13 males, were assessed. The patients called were grouped in three according to the surface characteristics of the implants.
Group 1: Titanium implants the surfaces of which were roughened with SLA (sandblasted and acid-etched titanium surface) (Straumann®, Basel, Sweden), Group 2: Implants the surfaces of which were roughened by modifying with fluorine (Astra Tech, OsseoSpeed™, Sweden) Group 3: Implants the surfaces of which were roughened by anodization (TiUnite Nobel Biocare, Replace® Conical Connection, Sweden).
The implants included were grouped in three as healthy, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Peri-implantitis group included implants which had bleeding and/or supuration at probing, pocket depth \> 4 mm at least in one area and 2 mm or more radiographic bone loss around the implant, peri-implant mucositis group included implants which had bleeding and/or supuration at probing and no radiographic bone loss around the implant and the healthy group included implants which did not have inflammation around the implant, bleeding or supuration at probing and radiograph bone loss around the implant.
2.2 \| Clinical Periodontal Measurements The indexes and measurements used in the study were measured within a specific order and recorded in data recording forms prepared according to this order. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket depths (PD), bleeding on probing, clinical attachment levels (CAL) and keratinized tissue width around the implant (KTW) were recorded. Panoramic radiographs were taken to assess the interproximal bone levels around the implant (Morita, Veraviewepocs 3D F40, Japan).
2.3 \| Collecting the Peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and Subgingival Plaque Samples After taking PI from all individuals, plaques and soft additions around the implant were removed and after the area was isolated with the help of cotton rolls, the teeth were dried with air. PICF was collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using paper tapes (Perio-paper, Oraflow Inc, New York, USA). Subgingival plaque samples were collected about 15 minutes after PICF was collected.
2.4 \| PICF analysis Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were purchased for the measurement of TNF-α, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, OPG and assays were carried out according to the manufacturers' recommendations (Elabscience Biotechnology Co.,Ltd, Wuhan, China).
2.5 \| Preparation and Assessment of Genomic DNA Forthe DNA extraction, the collected subgingival plaque samples were processed using a commercially available kit (GF-1 bacterial DNA extraction kit, Vivantis, Malaysia) according to the instructions of the manufacturer.
2.6 \| Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Selected putative periodontal pathogens (P. intermedia, T. forsythia, T.denticola, F. nucleatum, P.gingivalis, Streptococcus oralis) and total bacterial load in the subgingival biofilms were detected as described previously.
2.7 \| Statistical Analysis SPSS 19.0 (IBM Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) program was used for the statistical analyses of the study. Normality test for continuous numerical variables was conducted with Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis method. Since all of the variables were not normally distributed, non-parametrical methods were preferred in the analyses. Mann-Whitney U method was preferred for two independent groups, while Kruskal-Wallis was used for multiple groups. p\<0,05 was accepted statistically significant.
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
RANDOMIZED
FACTORIAL
PREVENTION
NONE
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
Straumann®
Titanium implants the surfaces of which were roughened with SLA (sandblasted and acid-etched titanium surface) (Straumann®, Basel, Sweden). Immunological parameters (PICF, Perio-paper®) , microbiological parameters of peri-implantitis (subgingival plaque, Hu-Friedy®), demographic and clinical periodontal measurements (Williams probe, PCPNU-15 Hu-Friedy®) were compared between groups.
PICF, Perio-paper®
PICF was collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using paper tapes. Paper tapes were placed 1-2 mm inside the peri-implant sulcus by using a dental tweezer. After they were kept for 30 s, the paper tapes were placed in sterile microcentrifuge tubes which contained 200 µL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The tubes were kept at -80°C until the analysis day. TNF-α, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, and OPG, which are immunological markers of peri-implant disease were compared between groups.
Subgingival Plaque, Hu-Friedy®
Subgingival plaque samples were collected about 15 min after PICF was collected. Supragingival plaque was carefully removed by using a sterile scale. Implants were isolated using cotton rolls and dried with an air spray. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using sterile plastic Gracey curettes during 30 s (Hu-Friedy). The samples collected were transferred to sterile microcentrifuge tubes containing 200 µL PBS. The tubes were kept at -80°C until the analysis day. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Streptococcus oralis, which are microbiological agents of peri-implantitis were compared between groups.
Williams probe, PCPNU-15 Hu-Friedy®
Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded using Williams probe. The plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and keratinised tissue width around the implant were recorded. The implants included were categorised into three groups, namely, healthy, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. Panoramic radiographs were acquired to assess the interproximal bone levels around the implant.
Demographic
Age, gender and state of smoking were compared between groups.
Astra Tech, OsseoSpeed™
Implants the surfaces of which were roughened by modifying with fluorine (Astra Tech, OsseoSpeed™, Sweden). Immunological parameters (PICF, Perio-paper®), microbiological parameters of peri-implantitis (subgingival plaque, Hu-Friedy®), demographic and clinical periodontal measurements (Williams probe, PCPNU-15 Hu-Friedy®) were compared between groups.
PICF, Perio-paper®
PICF was collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using paper tapes. Paper tapes were placed 1-2 mm inside the peri-implant sulcus by using a dental tweezer. After they were kept for 30 s, the paper tapes were placed in sterile microcentrifuge tubes which contained 200 µL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The tubes were kept at -80°C until the analysis day. TNF-α, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, and OPG, which are immunological markers of peri-implant disease were compared between groups.
Subgingival Plaque, Hu-Friedy®
Subgingival plaque samples were collected about 15 min after PICF was collected. Supragingival plaque was carefully removed by using a sterile scale. Implants were isolated using cotton rolls and dried with an air spray. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using sterile plastic Gracey curettes during 30 s (Hu-Friedy). The samples collected were transferred to sterile microcentrifuge tubes containing 200 µL PBS. The tubes were kept at -80°C until the analysis day. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Streptococcus oralis, which are microbiological agents of peri-implantitis were compared between groups.
Williams probe, PCPNU-15 Hu-Friedy®
Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded using Williams probe. The plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and keratinised tissue width around the implant were recorded. The implants included were categorised into three groups, namely, healthy, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. Panoramic radiographs were acquired to assess the interproximal bone levels around the implant.
Demographic
Age, gender and state of smoking were compared between groups.
Nobel Biocare, Replace®
Implants the surfaces of which were roughened by anodization (TiUnite Nobel Biocare, Replace® Conical Connection, Sweden). Immunological parameters (PICF, Perio-paper®), microbiological parameters of peri-implantitis(subgingival plaque, Hu-Friedy®), demographic and clinical periodontal measurements (Williams probe, PCPNU-15 Hu-Friedy®) were compared between groups.
PICF, Perio-paper®
PICF was collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using paper tapes. Paper tapes were placed 1-2 mm inside the peri-implant sulcus by using a dental tweezer. After they were kept for 30 s, the paper tapes were placed in sterile microcentrifuge tubes which contained 200 µL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The tubes were kept at -80°C until the analysis day. TNF-α, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, and OPG, which are immunological markers of peri-implant disease were compared between groups.
Subgingival Plaque, Hu-Friedy®
Subgingival plaque samples were collected about 15 min after PICF was collected. Supragingival plaque was carefully removed by using a sterile scale. Implants were isolated using cotton rolls and dried with an air spray. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using sterile plastic Gracey curettes during 30 s (Hu-Friedy). The samples collected were transferred to sterile microcentrifuge tubes containing 200 µL PBS. The tubes were kept at -80°C until the analysis day. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Streptococcus oralis, which are microbiological agents of peri-implantitis were compared between groups.
Williams probe, PCPNU-15 Hu-Friedy®
Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded using Williams probe. The plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and keratinised tissue width around the implant were recorded. The implants included were categorised into three groups, namely, healthy, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. Panoramic radiographs were acquired to assess the interproximal bone levels around the implant.
Demographic
Age, gender and state of smoking were compared between groups.
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
PICF, Perio-paper®
PICF was collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using paper tapes. Paper tapes were placed 1-2 mm inside the peri-implant sulcus by using a dental tweezer. After they were kept for 30 s, the paper tapes were placed in sterile microcentrifuge tubes which contained 200 µL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The tubes were kept at -80°C until the analysis day. TNF-α, PGE2, RANKL, RANK, and OPG, which are immunological markers of peri-implant disease were compared between groups.
Subgingival Plaque, Hu-Friedy®
Subgingival plaque samples were collected about 15 min after PICF was collected. Supragingival plaque was carefully removed by using a sterile scale. Implants were isolated using cotton rolls and dried with an air spray. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from the mesio-buccal area of the implant by using sterile plastic Gracey curettes during 30 s (Hu-Friedy). The samples collected were transferred to sterile microcentrifuge tubes containing 200 µL PBS. The tubes were kept at -80°C until the analysis day. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, and Streptococcus oralis, which are microbiological agents of peri-implantitis were compared between groups.
Williams probe, PCPNU-15 Hu-Friedy®
Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded using Williams probe. The plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and keratinised tissue width around the implant were recorded. The implants included were categorised into three groups, namely, healthy, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. Panoramic radiographs were acquired to assess the interproximal bone levels around the implant.
Demographic
Age, gender and state of smoking were compared between groups.
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
* being older than 18,
* having prostheses in the posterior area,
* having received cement retained implant prosthesis in which standard abutment was used,
* having implant prosthesis which had been functioning for at least a year,
* not having received bone augmentation procedure or advanced implant surgery during implant surgery,
* not having received periodontal treatment during the previous year,
* having received one of SLA, fluorine modified or anodized implants.
Exclusion Criteria
* pregnancy,
* lactation,
* aggressive periodontitis,
* overdenture patients
* parafunctional habits such as bruxism.
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
Necmettin Erbakan University
OTHER
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
BİLGE KARCI
Research assistant
Principal Investigators
Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.
Elif Öncü
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Konya, Turkey
Metin Doğan
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Konya, Turkey
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
Gurlek O, Gumus P, Nile CJ, Lappin DF, Buduneli N. Biomarkers and Bacteria Around Implants and Natural Teeth in the Same Individuals. J Periodontol. 2017 Aug;88(8):752-761. doi: 10.1902/jop.2017.160751. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
Le Guehennec L, Soueidan A, Layrolle P, Amouriq Y. Surface treatments of titanium dental implants for rapid osseointegration. Dent Mater. 2007 Jul;23(7):844-54. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2006.06.025. Epub 2006 Aug 14.
Mombelli A, Decaillet F. The characteristics of biofilms in peri-implant disease. J Clin Periodontol. 2011 Mar;38 Suppl 11:203-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01666.x.
Derks J, Hakansson J, Wennstrom JL, Tomasi C, Larsson M, Berglundh T. Effectiveness of implant therapy analyzed in a Swedish population: early and late implant loss. J Dent Res. 2015 Mar;94(3 Suppl):44S-51S. doi: 10.1177/0022034514563077. Epub 2014 Dec 11.
Derks J, Schaller D, Hakansson J, Wennstrom JL, Tomasi C, Berglundh T. Effectiveness of Implant Therapy Analyzed in a Swedish Population: Prevalence of Peri-implantitis. J Dent Res. 2016 Jan;95(1):43-9. doi: 10.1177/0022034515608832.
Shibli JA, Melo L, Ferrari DS, Figueiredo LC, Faveri M, Feres M. Composition of supra- and subgingival biofilm of subjects with healthy and diseased implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008 Oct;19(10):975-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01566.x.
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
2016/009
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
More Related Trials
Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.