Does Low-does Cervical Epidural Lidocaine Cause Transient Weakness?

NCT ID: NCT03382925

Last Updated: 2022-11-25

Study Results

Results available

Outcome measurements, participant flow, baseline characteristics, and adverse events have been published for this study.

View full results

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

TERMINATED

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

16 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-12-20

Study Completion Date

2020-08-19

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

"Does low-does cervical epidural lidocaine cause transient weakness?"

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Cervical radicular pain is relatively common, often treated with epidural steroid injection (ESI), when conservative treatments like oral analgesics, physical therapy, and activity modification have failed. There are no universal clinical practice guidelines for the use of diluents when CESI are performed.

Interlaminar CESI may be performed with or without the use of local anesthetics, due to training bias or theoretical concerns of weakness. CESI without the benefit of local anesthetic as a steroid diluent increases the latency of pain relief and may decrease diagnostic information immediately after a CESI with regard to pain generators responsible for symptoms, and may potentially decrease patient satisfaction.

By evaluating the effects of local anesthetic as a diluent during interlaminar cervical ESI, we will enhance the safety of this treatment with regard to expectations of objective motor weakness as well as post procedure pain control in the recovery phase after the injection procedure.

Additionally, investigation of short-term pain, function, medication use, and global impression of change following use of local anesthetic versus saline as a diluent during interlaminar cervical ESI will provide evidence to inform the optimization of clinical outcomes related to steroid diluent choice.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Cervical Radiculopathy

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants
Each subject will be randomized into a group assignment in a 1:1 manner, #1 or #2, as outlined in the Methods section.

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

cervical interlaminar with lidocaine

Group #1: Interlaminar cervical ESI at the C7-T1 level with triamcinolone acetonide 80 mg (40 mg/mL) + 2 mL 1% lidocaine (total volume 4 mL).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

cervical interlaminar with lidocaine

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injection at the C7-T1 level with triamcinolone 80 mg (40 mg/mL) + 2 mL 1% lidocaine.

Lidocaine

Intervention Type DRUG

2 mL lidocaine to be used as steroid diluent in group #1 cervical interlaminar procedure.

Triamcinolone Acetonide

Intervention Type DRUG

2 mL of 40 mg/mL will be used as the steroid in group #1 and group #2 cervical interlaminar procedures.

cervical interlaminar with normal saline

Group #2: Interlaminar cervical ESI at the C7-T1 level with triamcinolone acetonide 80 mg (40 mg/mL) + 2 mL preservative saline (total volume 4 mL).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

cervical interlaminar with normal saline

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injection at the C7-T1 level with triamcinolone 80 mg (40 mg/mL) + 2 mL preservative saline

Triamcinolone Acetonide

Intervention Type DRUG

2 mL of 40 mg/mL will be used as the steroid in group #1 and group #2 cervical interlaminar procedures.

Normal saline

Intervention Type DRUG

2 mL of normal saline to be used as steroid diluent in group #2 cervical interlaminar procedure.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

cervical interlaminar with lidocaine

Interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injection at the C7-T1 level with triamcinolone 80 mg (40 mg/mL) + 2 mL 1% lidocaine.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

cervical interlaminar with normal saline

Interlaminar cervical epidural steroid injection at the C7-T1 level with triamcinolone 80 mg (40 mg/mL) + 2 mL preservative saline

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Lidocaine

2 mL lidocaine to be used as steroid diluent in group #1 cervical interlaminar procedure.

Intervention Type DRUG

Triamcinolone Acetonide

2 mL of 40 mg/mL will be used as the steroid in group #1 and group #2 cervical interlaminar procedures.

Intervention Type DRUG

Normal saline

2 mL of normal saline to be used as steroid diluent in group #2 cervical interlaminar procedure.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

cervical epidural steroid injection cervical epidural steroid injection Xylocaine Kenalog sodium chloride

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

1. Age 18-80.
2. Clinical diagnosis of cervical radicular pain.
3. Magnetic resonance imaging pathology consistent with clinical symptoms/signs.
4. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) pain score of 4 or higher.
5. Pain duration of more than 6 weeks despite trial of conservative therapy (medications, physical therapy, or chiropractic care).
6. Patients who will undergo CESI for treatment of cervical radiculitis.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Refusal to participate, provide consent, or provide communication and follow-up information for duration of the study.
2. Inability to perform handgrip or arm strength testing.
3. Contraindications to Cervical ESI (active infection, bleeding disorders, current anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication use, allergy to medications used for CIESI, and pregnancy).
4. Current glucocorticoid use or ESI within past 6 months.
5. Prior cervical spine surgery.
6. Cervical spinal cord lesions; cerebrovascular, demyelinating, or other neuro-muscular muscular disease.
7. Patient request for or requirement of conscious sedation for the injection procedure.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

80 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of Utah

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Zack McCormick

Zachary L. McCormick, MD

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Zachary L McCormick, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Utah

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University of Utah Orthopaedic Center

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Peloso P, Gross A, Haines T, Trinh K, Goldsmith CH, Burnie S; Cervical Overview Group. Medicinal and injection therapies for mechanical neck disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jul 18;(3):CD000319. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000319.pub4.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17636629 (View on PubMed)

Stav A, Ovadia L, Sternberg A, Kaadan M, Weksler N. Cervical epidural steroid injection for cervicobrachialgia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1993 Aug;37(6):562-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1993.tb03765.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8213020 (View on PubMed)

Ferrante FM, Wilson SP, Iacobo C, Orav EJ, Rocco AG, Lipson S. Clinical classification as a predictor of therapeutic outcome after cervical epidural steroid injection. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1993 May;18(6):730-6. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199305000-00010.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8516703 (View on PubMed)

Botwin KP, Castellanos R, Rao S, Hanna AF, Torres-Ramos FM, Gruber RD, Bouchlas CG, Fuoco GS. Complications of fluoroscopically guided interlaminar cervical epidural injections. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003 May;84(5):627-33. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(02)04862-1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12736872 (View on PubMed)

Rowlingson JC, Kirschenbaum LP. Epidural analgesic techniques in the management of cervical pain. Anesth Analg. 1986 Sep;65(9):938-42.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 3017152 (View on PubMed)

Castagnera L, Maurette P, Pointillart V, Vital JM, Erny P, Senegas J. Long-term results of cervical epidural steroid injection with and without morphine in chronic cervical radicular pain. Pain. 1994 Aug;58(2):239-243. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(94)90204-6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 7816491 (View on PubMed)

Lee SH, Kim KT, Kim DH, Lee BJ, Son ES, Kwack YH. Clinical outcomes of cervical radiculopathy following epidural steroid injection: a prospective study with follow-up for more than 2 years. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2012 May 20;37(12):1041-7. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31823b4d1f.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22024908 (View on PubMed)

McCormick ZL, Nelson A, Bhave M, Zhukalin M, Kendall M, McCarthy RJ, Khan D, Nagpal G, Walega DR. A Prospective Randomized Comparative Trial of Targeted Steroid Injection Via Epidural Catheter Versus Standard C7-T1 Interlaminar Approach for the Treatment of Unilateral Cervical Radicular Pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017 Jan-Feb;42(1):82-89. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000521.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27922950 (View on PubMed)

Capdevila X, Biboulet P, Rubenovitch J, Serre-Cousine O, Peray P, Deschodt J, d'Athis F. The effects of cervical epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine on pulmonary function in conscious patients. Anesth Analg. 1998 May;86(5):1033-8. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199805000-00024.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9585292 (View on PubMed)

Bansal S, Turtle MJ. Inadvertent subdural spread complicating cervical epidural steroid injection with local anaesthetic agent. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2003 Oct;31(5):570-2. doi: 10.1177/0310057X0303100512.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 14601282 (View on PubMed)

Collier CB. Accidental subdural block: four more cases and a radiographic review. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1992 May;20(2):215-25. doi: 10.1177/0310057X9202000218. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1317680 (View on PubMed)

Plastaras C, McCormick ZL, Garvan C, Macron D, Joshi A, Chimes G, Smeal W, Rittenberg J, Kennedy DJ. Adverse events associated with fluoroscopically guided lumbosacral transforaminal epidural steroid injections. Spine J. 2015 Oct 1;15(10):2157-65. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.05.034. Epub 2015 Jun 9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26065819 (View on PubMed)

Ortiz MP, Godoy MC, Schlosser RS, Ortiz RP, Godoy JP, Santiago ES, Rigo FK, Beck V, Duarte T, Duarte MM, Menezes MS. Effect of endovenous lidocaine on analgesia and serum cytokines: double-blinded and randomized trial. J Clin Anesth. 2016 Dec;35:70-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.07.021. Epub 2016 Aug 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27871598 (View on PubMed)

Gray A, Marrero-Berrios I, Weinberg J, Manchikalapati D, SchianodiCola J, Schloss RS, Yarmush J. The effect of local anesthetic on pro-inflammatory macrophage modulation by mesenchymal stromal cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 Apr;33:48-54. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.01.019. Epub 2016 Feb 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26854576 (View on PubMed)

van der Wal SE, van den Heuvel SA, Radema SA, van Berkum BF, Vaneker M, Steegers MA, Scheffer GJ, Vissers KC. The in vitro mechanisms and in vivo efficacy of intravenous lidocaine on the neuroinflammatory response in acute and chronic pain. Eur J Pain. 2016 May;20(5):655-74. doi: 10.1002/ejp.794. Epub 2015 Dec 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26684648 (View on PubMed)

Bohannon RW. Reference values for extremity muscle strength obtained by hand-held dynamometry from adults aged 20 to 79 years. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Jan;78(1):26-32. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(97)90005-8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9014953 (View on PubMed)

Bohannon RW. Grip strength impairments among older adults receiving physical therapy in a home-care setting. Percept Mot Skills. 2010 Dec;111(3):761-4. doi: 10.2466/03.10.15.PMS.111.6.761-764.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21319615 (View on PubMed)

Hayes K, Walton JR, Szomor ZL, Murrell GA. Reliability of 3 methods for assessing shoulder strength. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2002 Jan-Feb;11(1):33-9. doi: 10.1067/mse.2002.119852.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11845146 (View on PubMed)

Kolber MJ, Beekhuizen K, Cheng MS, Fiebert IM. The reliability of hand-held dynamometry in measuring isometric strength of the shoulder internal and external rotator musculature using a stabilization device. Physiother Theory Pract. 2007 Mar-Apr;23(2):119-24. doi: 10.1080/09593980701213032.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17530541 (View on PubMed)

Awatani T, Mori S, Shinohara J, Koshiba H, Nariai M, Tatsumi Y, Nagata A, Morikita I. Same-session and between-day intra-rater reliability of hand-held dynamometer measurements of isometric shoulder extensor strength. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Mar;28(3):936-9. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.936. Epub 2016 Mar 31.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27134388 (View on PubMed)

Fieseler G, Molitor T, Irlenbusch L, Delank KS, Laudner KG, Hermassi S, Schwesig R. Intrarater reliability of goniometry and hand-held dynamometry for shoulder and elbow examinations in female team handball athletes and asymptomatic volunteers. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2015 Dec;135(12):1719-26. doi: 10.1007/s00402-015-2331-6. Epub 2015 Sep 19.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26386839 (View on PubMed)

Kirshblum SC, Waring W, Biering-Sorensen F, Burns SP, Johansen M, Schmidt-Read M, Donovan W, Graves D, Jha A, Jones L, Mulcahey MJ, Krassioukov A. Reference for the 2011 revision of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2011 Nov;34(6):547-54. doi: 10.1179/107902611X13186000420242.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22330109 (View on PubMed)

Kim JK, Park MG, Shin SJ. What is the minimum clinically important difference in grip strength? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Aug;472(8):2536-41. doi: 10.1007/s11999-014-3666-y. Epub 2014 May 10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24817380 (View on PubMed)

Provided Documents

Download supplemental materials such as informed consent forms, study protocols, or participant manuals.

Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

106288

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.