Comparison of EVD Catheter Diameter on Occlusion and Replacement
NCT ID: NCT03248739
Last Updated: 2023-10-25
Study Results
Outcome measurements, participant flow, baseline characteristics, and adverse events have been published for this study.
View full resultsBasic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
TERMINATED
NA
33 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2017-06-12
2022-11-04
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
Related Clinical Trials
Explore similar clinical trials based on study characteristics and research focus.
Quality Control: A Prospective Analysis of EVD Effectiveness
NCT02484287
Comparison of Central and Peripheral Venous Catheters
NCT00122707
CVCs Versus Midline Catheters
NCT06884176
Evaluation of the Contribution of the Ultrasound Tracking and the Positioning of the Distal End During the Implantation of Implantable Chamber or Long-lasting Venous Catheter
NCT03133962
The Central Venous Catheter Related Complications in Critically Ill Patients
NCT03841240
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
Ventriculostomy occlusion is a common complication after external ventricular drain (EVD) placement. A review of published prospective and retrospective studies indicates that approximately 1-7% of EVDs require replacement secondary to occlusion. Furthermore, in the NIS database study of over 101,000 hospitalizations in which ventriculostomy was performed, nearly 6% of patients required at least one additional ventriculostomy procedure. Studies have demonstrated non-patent EVD in 19-47% of patients, however these studies did not prospectively evaluate EVD occlusion as a primary endpoint, report on number of catheter irrigations performed, or identify risk factors for EVD occlusion.
Recently, the investigators completed a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of patients undergoing bedside EVD placement with the primary outcome of interest being catheter occlusion. This sample included 101 patients over a 1 year period. Two Codman catheters were available for use (Clear Bactiseal 'large' catheter: outer diameter 3.4 mm, inner diameter 1.9 mm; and Orange Bactiseal 'small' catheter: outer diameter 3 mm, inner diameter 1.5 mm). The decision regarding which catheter to use was made at the time of the procedure based on resident preference and availability. Both temporary occlusion (requiring flushing but patency could be restored) and permanent catheter occlusion (requiring replacement) were common, occurring in 41% and 19% of patients, respectively. Over 25% of small catheters became occluded during the study period compared to 11% of large catheters. Small catheters were associated with a 3.4 times greater odds of occlusion than the larger diameter catheters on multivariable regression analysis. This study suggests that the preferential use of larger diameter catheters may reduce the risk of ventriculostomy occlusion and need for replacement, however the study was not randomized and catheter selection may have been biased.
Recently, a smaller retrospective study of patients with intraventricular hemorrhage performed by Gilard and colleagues demonstrated a lower rate of occlusion and no increased risk of hemorrhage with larger bore catheters. Otherwise, there is no data in the literature supporting the preferential use of catheters based on size (clinical equipoise).
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
PREVENTION
NONE
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
Clear Bactiseal 'large' catheter (EVD)
All EVDs will be placed by neurological surgeons in either the major operating suite or in an ICU setting using a previously published protocol. This protocol includes using a burr hole entry point 1 cm anterior to the coronal suture in the mid-pupillary line, prep and sterile drape, pre-procedural antibiotic administration, and tunneling the catheter to an exit site at least 5 cm from the incision. In general, physicians are instructed to first attempt distal irrigation of the drainage chamber using sterile techniques (rarely effective), followed by gentle aspiration of the proximal system and catheter if distal flushing is not effective. If these do not restore patency, a small volume of sterile saline, 3 ml or less, is flushed proximally into the catheter. Patency is checked by lowering the EVD drainage system and evaluating for spontaneous flow through the EVD.
Clear Bactiseal 'large' catheter (EVD)
Antibiotic-impregnated 'large' catheter (inner diameter 1.9 mm, outer diameter 3.4 mm)
Orange Bactiseal 'small' catheter (EVD)
All EVDs will be placed by neurological surgeons in either the major operating suite or in an ICU setting using a previously published protocol. This protocol includes using a burr hole entry point 1 cm anterior to the coronal suture in the mid-pupillary line, prep and sterile drape, pre-procedural antibiotic administration, and tunneling the catheter to an exit site at least 5 cm from the incision. In general, physicians are instructed to first attempt distal irrigation of the drainage chamber using sterile techniques (rarely effective), followed by gentle aspiration of the proximal system and catheter if distal flushing is not effective. If these do not restore patency, a small volume of sterile saline, 3 ml or less, is flushed proximally into the catheter. Patency is checked by lowering the EVD drainage system and evaluating for spontaneous flow through the EVD.
Orange Bactiseal 'small' catheter (EVD)
Antibiotic-impregnated 'small' catheter (inner diameter 1.5 mm, outer diameter 3 mm)
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
Clear Bactiseal 'large' catheter (EVD)
Antibiotic-impregnated 'large' catheter (inner diameter 1.9 mm, outer diameter 3.4 mm)
Orange Bactiseal 'small' catheter (EVD)
Antibiotic-impregnated 'small' catheter (inner diameter 1.5 mm, outer diameter 3 mm)
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
* Diagnoses: spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, intraparenchymal or cerebellar hemorrhage due to aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, arteriovenous fistula, hypertension, or idiopathic etiology.
* Also included are patients for whom the attending neurosurgeon decides that frontal EVD placement is indicated for patient treatment with planned cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage for 72 hours or more.
Exclusion Criteria
* Hunt and Hess subarachnoid hemorrhage grade of 5.
* Age 86 or greater, or age 17 or less.
* Patient cannot consent and next of kin cannot consent prior to procedure.
* Diagnosis of traumatic brain injury, as the EVD is often clamped for extended periods of time.
* Patients anticoagulated prior to admission with warfarin, Effient, Plavix, therapeutic heparin infusion, therapeutic subcutaneous lovenox, therapeutic subcutaneous arixtra, or other therapeutic anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent (ASA not included).
* Plan for EVD placement through non-frontal burr hole.
18 Years
85 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
OTHER
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
Principal Investigators
Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.
Kyle M Fargen, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Assistant Professor, Surgery Neurosurgery
Locations
Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.
Wake Forest Baptist Health
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
Countries
Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
Rosenbaum BP, Vadera S, Kelly ML, Kshettry VR, Weil RJ. Ventriculostomy: Frequency, length of stay and in-hospital mortality in the United States of America, 1988-2010. J Clin Neurosci. 2014 Apr;21(4):623-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.09.001.
Abla AA, Zabramski JM, Jahnke HK, Fusco D, Nakaji P. Comparison of two antibiotic-impregnated ventricular catheters: a prospective sequential series trial. Neurosurgery. 2011 Feb;68(2):437-42; discussion 442. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e3182039a14.
Tse Ts, Cheng K, Wong K, Pang K, Wong C. Ventriculostomy and Infection: A 4-year-review in a local hospital. Surg Neurol Int. 2010 Sep 9;1:47. doi: 10.4103/2152-7806.69033.
Bauer DF, McGwin G Jr, Melton SM, George RL, Markert JM. The relationship between INR and development of hemorrhage with placement of ventriculostomy. J Trauma. 2011 May;70(5):1112-7. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181e7c2ae.
Fichtner J, Guresir E, Seifert V, Raabe A. Efficacy of silver-bearing external ventricular drainage catheters: a retrospective analysis. J Neurosurg. 2010 Apr;112(4):840-6. doi: 10.3171/2009.8.JNS091297.
Kakarla UK, Kim LJ, Chang SW, Theodore N, Spetzler RF. Safety and accuracy of bedside external ventricular drain placement. Neurosurgery. 2008 Jul;63(1 Suppl 1):ONS162-6; discussion ONS166-7. doi: 10.1227/01.neu.0000335031.23521.d0.
Khanna RK, Rosenblum ML, Rock JP, Malik GM. Prolonged external ventricular drainage with percutaneous long-tunnel ventriculostomies. J Neurosurg. 1995 Nov;83(5):791-4. doi: 10.3171/jns.1995.83.5.0791.
Bogdahn U, Lau W, Hassel W, Gunreben G, Mertens HG, Brawanski A. Continuous-pressure controlled, external ventricular drainage for treatment of acute hydrocephalus--evaluation of risk factors. Neurosurgery. 1992 Nov;31(5):898-903; discussion 903-4. doi: 10.1227/00006123-199211000-00011.
Olson DM, Zomorodi M, Britz GW, Zomorodi AR, Amato A, Graffagnino C. Continuous cerebral spinal fluid drainage associated with complications in patients admitted with subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg. 2013 Oct;119(4):974-80. doi: 10.3171/2013.6.JNS122403. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
Chi H, Chang KY, Chang HC, Chiu NC, Huang FY. Infections associated with indwelling ventriculostomy catheters in a teaching hospital. Int J Infect Dis. 2010 Mar;14(3):e216-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.04.006. Epub 2009 Jul 31.
Gilard V, Djoubairou BO, Lepetit A, Metayer T, Gakuba C, Gourio C, Derey S, Proust F, Emery E, Gaberel T. Small versus Large Catheters for Ventriculostomy in the Management of Intraventricular Hemorrhage. World Neurosurg. 2017 Jan;97:117-122. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.09.105. Epub 2016 Oct 10.
Rahman M, Whiting JH, Fauerbach LL, Archibald L, Friedman WA. Reducing ventriculostomy-related infections to near zero: the eliminating ventriculostomy infection study. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2012 Oct;38(10):459-64. doi: 10.1016/s1553-7250(12)38061-6.
Provided Documents
Download supplemental materials such as informed consent forms, study protocols, or participant manuals.
Document Type: Study Protocol
Document Type: Informed Consent Form
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
IRB00042079
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
More Related Trials
Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.