The Role of the Rate of Force Application in Responses to Spinal Manipulation Therapy

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

25 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2013-06-30

Study Completion Date

2014-06-30

Brief Summary

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The objective of the present study is to determine if spinal manipulations with a constant rate of force application but with different peak force and time to peak force lead to similar responses in healthy adults.

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Detailed Description

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Although there are indirect evidences that the rate of force application modulates neuromuscular responses to spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) through peak force or thrust duration modulations, such an assumption remains to be confirmed. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine if different SMT force-time profiles where a constant rate of force application would be maintained (through the modulation of the peak force and the time to peak force) lead to similar neuromechanical responses. Based on the available data relative to the effect of SMT biomechanical parameters modulation, it was hypothesized that neuromuscular responses would be similar across SMT force-time profiles, while vertebral displacements would increase as SMT peak force increases.

Conditions

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Spinal Manipulation

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NA

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Participants

All volunteers will participate in an experimental session. Participants will be delivered four different spinal manipulations (SMT) at T7 with a rate of force application of about 2200 Newtons/seconds and a preload force of 25 Newtons (N). SMTs will differed in their time to peak force (ms) and peak force (N), respectively fixed as follow for each applied SMT: (1)57 ms / 150 N, (2)80 ms / 200 N, (3)102 ms / 250 N and (4)125 ms / 300 N.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Spinal manipulation

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Participants will lie down during the 45-minute experimental session. Vertebral displacements (cm) and muscle response amplitude (RMS value) will be recorded through kinematic markers (on T6, T7 and T8 spinous processes) and surface electromyography electrodes (on the left and right erector spinae at T6 and T8 vertebra level). Each SMT (4 per participant) will be delivered at T7 transverse processes by an apparatus. Responses during the thrust phase (duration equal to twice the time to peak force) and after the thrust (1,5s duration) will be compared between SMTs.

Apparatus used to deliver spinal manipulations

Intervention Type DEVICE

An apparatus using a servo-controlled linear actuator motor (Linear Motor Series P01-48x360, LinMot Inc., Switzerland) will be used to deliver spinal manipulations.

Interventions

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Spinal manipulation

Participants will lie down during the 45-minute experimental session. Vertebral displacements (cm) and muscle response amplitude (RMS value) will be recorded through kinematic markers (on T6, T7 and T8 spinous processes) and surface electromyography electrodes (on the left and right erector spinae at T6 and T8 vertebra level). Each SMT (4 per participant) will be delivered at T7 transverse processes by an apparatus. Responses during the thrust phase (duration equal to twice the time to peak force) and after the thrust (1,5s duration) will be compared between SMTs.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Apparatus used to deliver spinal manipulations

An apparatus using a servo-controlled linear actuator motor (Linear Motor Series P01-48x360, LinMot Inc., Switzerland) will be used to deliver spinal manipulations.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Other Intervention Names

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Manual therapy

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Healthy adult

Exclusion Criteria

* Thoracic or lumbar pain
* History of back trauma or surgery
* Severe osteoarthritis
* Inflammatory arthritis
* Vascular conditions
* Contraindication to the use of SMT

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes