Action of Essential Fatty Acids on the Expression of Antioxidant Genes and Athletic Performance

NCT ID: NCT02177383

Last Updated: 2014-06-27

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 15 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2011-09-30

Brief Summary

There are conflicting evidences of the effects of dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on athletic performance. The investigators working hypothesis is based on the polyunsaturated fatty acids, given its pro-oxidative character and also by its action on transcription factors can modulate the antioxidant response and oxidative damage induced by physical activity.The overall objective of the study is to establish situations improving athletic performance and study the oxidative balance by manipulation of feeding patterns and consumption of nutritional supplements and investigate the involved mechanisms.

Detailed Description

There are conflicting evidences of the effects of dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on athletic performance. The described effects of PUFAs on the fat metabolism may be modulated by the expression and activity of transcription factor genes, suppressing or expressing genes associated with the synthesis and oxidation of fats and in oxidative stress and inflammation.

The investigators' working hypothesis is based on the polyunsaturated fatty acids, given its pro-oxidative character and also by its action on transcription factors can modulate the antioxidant response and oxidative damage induced by physical activity.

In the field of professional sports and leisure use of food and / or antioxidants in the belief that these elements prevent muscle damage is very established. Most studies in athletes supplemented with antioxidant nutrients revealed no significant effects on physical performance, but it has shown that supplements protect against tissue damage induced by exercise. Recent studies have reported that over 35% of the Spanish people eat diets low or very low quality, which is clearly shown that over 10% of Spaniards have poor intakes (<2/3 IDR) riboflavin (men) , folate (women), vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E.

The overall objective of the study is to establish situations improving athletic performance and study the oxidative balance by manipulation of feeding patterns and consumption of nutritional supplements and investigate the involved mechanisms. The aim of this study is to establish scientific basis for design functional foods improving athletic performance and health and avoiding the negative consequences of the oxidative damage induced by overexertion.

Conditions

Oxidative Stress; Exercise; Training Season; Antioxidant Capabilities; Athletic Performance

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Docosahexaenoic acid

1 liter/day of one experimental beverage (containing 0.2% olive oil + 0.6% DHA-S Martek) provides 1.14 g DHA/daily

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Docosahexaenoic acid diet supplementation

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Nine soccer players (19 and 22 years old) took 1 liter/day of one experimental beverage (containing 0.2% olive oil + 0.6% DHA-S Martek). Follow-up 8 weeks. At week 8 an acute exercise season was programed.

One blood sample was taken in resting conditions at beginning of the nutritional intervention (week 0, baseline). Another two blood samples were taken at the end of the nutritional intervention, in resting (week 8, pre-exercise) and post-exercise conditions (week 8, post-exercise). Biochemical measures, oxidative damage markers on lipids, proteins and DNA, antioxidant capabilities (enzyme activities and quantity of enzyme protein and gene expression) and inflammatory markers were measured in serum, plasma, erythrocytes, neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Olive oil

1 liter/day of placebo beverage (containing 0.8% olive oil)

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo supplementation

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Six professionals soccer players (19 and 22 years old) took 1 liter/day of placebo beverage (containing 0.8% olive oil). Follow-up 8 weeks. At week 8 an acute exercise season was programed.

One blood sample was taken in resting conditions at beginning of the nutritional intervention (week 0, baseline). Another two blood samples were taken at the end of the nutritional intervention, in resting (week 8, pre-exercise) and post-exercise conditions (week 8, post-exercise). Biochemical measures, oxidative damage markers on lipids, proteins and DNA, antioxidant capabilities (enzyme activities and quantity of enzyme protein and gene expression) and inflammatory markers were measured in serum, plasma, erythrocytes, neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Interventions

Docosahexaenoic acid diet supplementation

Nine soccer players (19 and 22 years old) took 1 liter/day of one experimental beverage (containing 0.2% olive oil + 0.6% DHA-S Martek). Follow-up 8 weeks. At week 8 an acute exercise season was programed.

One blood sample was taken in resting conditions at beginning of the nutritional intervention (week 0, baseline). Another two blood samples were taken at the end of the nutritional intervention, in resting (week 8, pre-exercise) and post-exercise conditions (week 8, post-exercise). Biochemical measures, oxidative damage markers on lipids, proteins and DNA, antioxidant capabilities (enzyme activities and quantity of enzyme protein and gene expression) and inflammatory markers were measured in serum, plasma, erythrocytes, neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Placebo supplementation

Six professionals soccer players (19 and 22 years old) took 1 liter/day of placebo beverage (containing 0.8% olive oil). Follow-up 8 weeks. At week 8 an acute exercise season was programed.

One blood sample was taken in resting conditions at beginning of the nutritional intervention (week 0, baseline). Another two blood samples were taken at the end of the nutritional intervention, in resting (week 8, pre-exercise) and post-exercise conditions (week 8, post-exercise). Biochemical measures, oxidative damage markers on lipids, proteins and DNA, antioxidant capabilities (enzyme activities and quantity of enzyme protein and gene expression) and inflammatory markers were measured in serum, plasma, erythrocytes, neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Ages eligible for study: 16 to 35 years
• Genders eligible for study: Male
• Equilibrate diet
• Physical activity of 1-2 hours daily 5-7 days weekly.
• Body mass index (19-25 kg/m2)

Exclusion Criteria

• Smokers

• Minimum Eligible Age: 16 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 35 Years
• Eligible Sex: MALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Instituto de Salud Carlos III

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of the Balearic Islands

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Antoni Pons

Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

University of Balearic Islands

Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain

Countries

Spain

References

Capo X, Martorell M, Sureda A, Llompart I, Tur JA, Pons A. Diet supplementation with DHA-enriched food in football players during training season enhances the mitochondrial antioxidant capabilities in blood mononuclear cells. Eur J Nutr. 2015 Feb;54(1):35-49. doi: 10.1007/s00394-014-0683-2. Epub 2014 Mar 19.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 24643755 (View on PubMed)

Martorell M, Capo X, Sureda A, Tur JA, Pons A. Effects of docosahexaenoic acid diet supplementation, training, and acute exercise on oxidative balance in neutrophils. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014 Apr;39(4):446-57. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0331. Epub 2013 Nov 4.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 24669986 (View on PubMed)

Capo X, Martorell M, Sureda A, Tur JA, Pons A. Effects of dietary Docosahexaenoic, training and acute exercise on lipid mediators. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2016 Apr 5;13:16. doi: 10.1186/s12970-016-0126-y. eCollection 2016.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 27051354 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

IB 994/08 PI

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id