Etiologies of Fever Among Adults in Dar es Salaam

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

538 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2013-07-31

Study Completion Date

2014-07-31

Brief Summary

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Following the decline of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa, clinicians face febrile patients in whom an alternative diagnosis has to be made. This situation has led to an overuse of antibiotics by clinicians. It is crucial to increase knowledge on etiologies and risk factors of outpatient febrile illness in order to improve their management.

This present proposal aims to investigate the etiologies of fever among adult patients attending an outpatient department in urban Tanzania. It also aims to assess the clinical significance of nasopharyngeal (NP) respiratory viruses and bacteria documentation in this setting. Third, it aims to compare the spectrum of infections in this population with that of children included in the same setting in a previous study. The last objective is to assess diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor for infection and exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) as a risk factor for acute respiratory infections (ARI) in adults in Tanzania.

The investigators hypothesize that acute respiratory infections are the main cause of adult febrile illness in a urban low-income setting and that use of quantitative molecular assays on naso-oropharyngeal samples can improve the diagnosis of pneumonia. The investigators also think that the spectrum of infections is different between children and adults, mainly due to a high HIV prevalence in adults. The investigators also hypothesize that experiencing IAP and/ or DM is a risk factor for infections in adults.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Acute Febrile Illnesses

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Adults with fever

Every adult with fever will be screened for different infectious diseases and for nasopharyngeal respiratory viruses and bacteria

No interventions assigned to this group

Healthy volonteers

For every adult with fever included with a diagnosis of pneumonia, a healthy volunteer will be included. These healthy volunteers will be screened for nasopharyngeal respiratory viruses and bacteria.

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Temperature \>=38°C
* History of fever for less than 8 days
* First consultation for the present problem

Exclusion Criteria

* Refusal of HIV screening
* Main complaint is injury or trauma
* Antibiotic treatment in the last 7 days
* Within 6 weeks after delivery
* Hospitalization during the last month

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No