RESULT (REflux Surgery in Lung Transplantation) Preliminary Study Protocol
NCT ID: NCT01406210
Last Updated: 2014-09-12
Study Results
Results pending
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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Recruitment Status
COMPLETED
Total Enrollment
647 participants
Study Classification
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Start Date
2011-09-30
Study Completion Date
2013-08-31
Brief Summary
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The purpose of the prospective study is to collect information surrounding lung transplant in order to develop a randomized study to determine if prevention of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) related aspiration (stomach acid coming up from the stomach into the esophagus) by surgical fundoplication improves lung rejection. Lung transplantation has evolved into an effective treatment for patients with end-stage lung disease; however, a significant limitation to long-term survival is patients develop a condition of scarring known as chronic lung rejection, which can cause lung function to deteriorate, thereby reducing a patient's chances for survival. Preliminary research has shown a correlation between the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and impaired early lung rejection as assessed by a breathing test, FEV1 (the amount of forced expired air volume in 1 second).
The Investigator is interested in learning more about this condition and the potential for aspiration (inhaling fluid) injury. The primary goal of this preliminary study will be to identify aspiration markers that are correlated with adverse clinical outcomes (increased early rejection, decreased FEV1) that may be used as inclusion criteria for the future randomized trial.
The purpose of the retrospective study is to collect information surrounding lung transplant in order to develop a randomized study to determine if prevention of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) related aspiration (stomach acid coming up from the stomach into the esophagus) by surgical fundoplication improves lung rejection.
The goal of this retrospective data collection is to review the following:
1. subject outcome event rates for subjects with and without gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) for survival, Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS), acute rejection and Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV-1),
2. the estimated treatment effect of fundoplication on the above event rates,
3. a threshold effect for Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) and/or death are more likely to occur at higher or more proximal acid or non-acid contact times.
This data will be collected in order to better design and coordinate a multicenter prospective study.
The Investigator is interested in learning more about this condition and the potential for aspiration (inhaling fluid) injury. The primary goal of this preliminary study will be to identify aspiration markers that are correlated with adverse clinical outcomes (increased early rejection, decreased FEV1) that may be used as inclusion criteria for the future randomized trial.
The purpose of the retrospective study is to collect information surrounding lung transplant in order to develop a randomized study to determine if prevention of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) related aspiration (stomach acid coming up from the stomach into the esophagus) by surgical fundoplication improves lung rejection.
The goal of this retrospective data collection is to review the following:
1. subject outcome event rates for subjects with and without gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) for survival, Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS), acute rejection and Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV-1),
2. the estimated treatment effect of fundoplication on the above event rates,
3. a threshold effect for Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) and/or death are more likely to occur at higher or more proximal acid or non-acid contact times.
This data will be collected in order to better design and coordinate a multicenter prospective study.
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Detailed Description
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Prospective Group: Approximately 125 Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) samples will be collected from eligible subjects at the time of clinical bronchoscopies and will be within 2 weeks of their esophageal study. The Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) samples will be assayed for bile acids; pepsin, pepsinogen I and II; trypsin; gastrin, and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content. Short-term clinical outcome measures including acute rejection episodes, and Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV-1) at one year will be collected. Correlation between markers of reflux and aspiration will be analyzed.
Retrospective Group: Up to 800 charts within the past 5 years will be reviewed for 1) subject outcome event rates for subjects with and without Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) for survival, Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS), acute rejection and Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV-1), 2) what is the estimated treatment effect of fundoplication on the above event rates, 3) is there a threshold effect such that events such as BOS and death are more likely to occur only at higher or more proximal acid or non-acid contact times. This review will better address the role of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in lung allograft failure, the clinical utility of surgical fundoplication in preventing lung allograft injury, and the role that acid and non-acid reflux as related to aspiration causes lung allograft injury as it relates to a wider population.
Retrospective Group: Up to 800 charts within the past 5 years will be reviewed for 1) subject outcome event rates for subjects with and without Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) for survival, Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS), acute rejection and Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV-1), 2) what is the estimated treatment effect of fundoplication on the above event rates, 3) is there a threshold effect such that events such as BOS and death are more likely to occur only at higher or more proximal acid or non-acid contact times. This review will better address the role of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in lung allograft failure, the clinical utility of surgical fundoplication in preventing lung allograft injury, and the role that acid and non-acid reflux as related to aspiration causes lung allograft injury as it relates to a wider population.
Conditions
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Reflux
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Study Design
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Observational Model Type
CASE_ONLY
Study Groups
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Prospective Group
Those patients that will be consented and data collected prospectively
No interventions assigned to this group
Retrospective Group
Those charts that will be utilized to collect retrospective data, waiver of consent will be granted by the IRBs.
No interventions assigned to this group
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
1. Male or non-pregnant female subject
2. 16 years of age
3. Recipient of a double-lung transplant
4. Previously have a 24-hour esophageal pH and/or impedance probe study within 12 months prior to transplant and/or within 12 months following transplantation. If the subject expired prior to 12 months from transplant date, they must have had a 24-hour esophageal pH and/or impedance probe study to be eligible in the study.
2. 16 years of age
3. Recipient of a double-lung transplant
4. Previously have a 24-hour esophageal pH and/or impedance probe study within 12 months prior to transplant and/or within 12 months following transplantation. If the subject expired prior to 12 months from transplant date, they must have had a 24-hour esophageal pH and/or impedance probe study to be eligible in the study.
Exclusion Criteria
1. Recipient of a single-lung transplant
2. Recipient of a re-do lung transplant
3. Recipient of a double-lung/heart or double-lung/ other organ transplant
4. Do not have a 24-hour esophageal pH and/or impedance probe study within 12 months pre-transplant or within 12 months following transplantation. The subject expired less than 12 months post transplant without having a 24-hour esophageal pH and/or impedance probe study
5. No Spirometry data is available for the subject
6. Subject who is participating in any other interventional clinical study
7. Unable to provide written informed consent or participate in long-term follow-up
2. Recipient of a re-do lung transplant
3. Recipient of a double-lung/heart or double-lung/ other organ transplant
4. Do not have a 24-hour esophageal pH and/or impedance probe study within 12 months pre-transplant or within 12 months following transplantation. The subject expired less than 12 months post transplant without having a 24-hour esophageal pH and/or impedance probe study
5. No Spirometry data is available for the subject
6. Subject who is participating in any other interventional clinical study
7. Unable to provide written informed consent or participate in long-term follow-up
Minimum Eligible Age
16 Years
Eligible Sex
ALL
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Sponsors
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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
NIH
Sponsor Role
collaborator
Duke University
OTHER
Sponsor Role
lead
Responsible Party
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Responsibility Role
SPONSOR
Principal Investigators
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Robert D. Davis, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Duke University
Scott Palmer, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Duke University
Locations
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Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Site Status
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, North Carolina, United States
Site Status
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Site Status
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Site Status
Countries
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United States
Canada
References
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Estenne M, Maurer JR, Boehler A, Egan JJ, Frost A, Hertz M, Mallory GB, Snell GI, Yousem S. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome 2001: an update of the diagnostic criteria. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2002 Mar;21(3):297-310. doi: 10.1016/s1053-2498(02)00398-4. No abstract available.
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BACKGROUND
Cooper JD, Billingham M, Egan T, Hertz MI, Higenbottam T, Lynch J, Mauer J, Paradis I, Patterson GA, Smith C, et al. A working formulation for the standardization of nomenclature and for clinical staging of chronic dysfunction in lung allografts. International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1993 Sep-Oct;12(5):713-6.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kroshus TJ, Kshettry VR, Savik K, John R, Hertz MI, Bolman RM 3rd. Risk factors for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1997 Aug;114(2):195-202. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5223(97)70144-2.
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BACKGROUND
Heng D, Sharples LD, McNeil K, Stewart S, Wreghitt T, Wallwork J. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome: incidence, natural history, prognosis, and risk factors. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1998 Dec;17(12):1255-63.
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BACKGROUND
McKane BW, Trulock EP, Patterson GA, Mohanakumar T. Lung transplantation and bronchiolitis obliterans: an evolution in understanding. Immunol Res. 2001;24(2):177-90. doi: 10.1385/IR:24:2:177.
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Boehler A, Estenne M. Obliterative bronchiolitis after lung transplantation. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000 Mar;6(2):133-9. doi: 10.1097/00063198-200003000-00009.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Snell GI, Esmore DS, Williams TJ. Cytolytic therapy for the bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome complicating lung transplantation. Chest. 1996 Apr;109(4):874-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.109.4.874.
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BACKGROUND
Kesten S, Rajagopalan N, Maurer J. Cytolytic therapy for the treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome following lung transplantation. Transplantation. 1996 Feb 15;61(3):427-30. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199602150-00019.
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BACKGROUND
Speich R, Boehler A, Russi EW, Weder W. A case report of a double-blind, randomized trial of inhaled steroids in a patient with lung transplant bronchiolitis obliterans. Respiration. 1997;64(5):375-80. doi: 10.1159/000196708.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Iacono AT, Keenan RJ, Duncan SR, Smaldone GC, Dauber JH, Paradis IL, Ohori NP, Grgurich WF, Burckart GJ, Zeevi A, Delgado E, O'Riordan TG, Zendarsky MM, Yousem SA, Griffith BP. Aerosolized cyclosporine in lung recipients with refractory chronic rejection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996 Apr;153(4 Pt 1):1451-5. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.153.4.8616581.
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BACKGROUND
Dusmet M, Maurer J, Winton T, Kesten S. Methotrexate can halt the progression of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1996 Sep;15(9):948-54.
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BACKGROUND
Reichenspurner H, Meiser BM, Kur F, Wagner F, Welz A, Uberfuhr P, Briegel H, Reichart B. First experience with FK 506 for treatment of chronic pulmonary rejection. Transplant Proc. 1995 Jun;27(3):2009. No abstract available.
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BACKGROUND
Kesten S, Chaparro C, Scavuzzo M, Gutierrez C. Tacrolimus as rescue therapy for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1997 Sep;16(9):905-12.
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Speich R, Boehler A, Thurnheer R, Weder W. Salvage therapy with mycophenolate mofetil for lung transplant bronchiolitis obliterans: importance of dosage. Transplantation. 1997 Aug 15;64(3):533-5. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199708150-00027.
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BACKGROUND
Whyte RI, Rossi SJ, Mulligan MS, Florn R, Baker L, Gupta S, Martinez FJ, Lynch JP 3rd. Mycophenolate mofetil for obliterative bronchiolitis syndrome after lung transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997 Oct;64(4):945-8. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(97)00845-x.
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BACKGROUND
Diamond DA, Michalski JM, Lynch JP, Trulock EP 3rd. Efficacy of total lymphoid irradiation for chronic allograft rejection following bilateral lung transplantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998 Jul 1;41(4):795-800. doi: 10.1016/s0360-3016(98)00113-8.
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BACKGROUND
Higenbottam T, Jackson M, Woolman P, Lowry R, Wallwork J. The cough response to ultrasonically nebulized distilled water in heart-lung transplantation patients. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Jul;140(1):58-61. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/140.1.58.
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Rivero DH, Lorenzi-Filho G, Pazetti R, Jatene FB, Saldiva PH. Effects of bronchial transection and reanastomosis on mucociliary system. Chest. 2001 May;119(5):1510-5. doi: 10.1378/chest.119.5.1510.
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BACKGROUND
Tomkiewicz RP, App EM, Shennib H, Ramirez O, Nguyen D, King M. Airway mucus and epithelial function in a canine model of single lung autotransplantation. Chest. 1995 Jan;107(1):261-5. doi: 10.1378/chest.107.1.261.
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BACKGROUND
Veale D, Glasper PN, Gascoigne A, Dark JH, Gibson GJ, Corris PA. Ciliary beat frequency in transplanted lungs. Thorax. 1993 Jun;48(6):629-31. doi: 10.1136/thx.48.6.629.
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Herve P, Silbert D, Cerrina J, Simonneau G, Dartevelle P. Impairment of bronchial mucociliary clearance in long-term survivors of heart/lung and double-lung transplantation. The Paris-Sud Lung Transplant Group. Chest. 1993 Jan;103(1):59-63. doi: 10.1378/chest.103.1.59.
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BACKGROUND
Blondeau K, Mertens V, Vanaudenaerde BA, Verleden GM, Van Raemdonck DE, Sifrim D, Dupont LJ. Nocturnal weakly acidic reflux promotes aspiration of bile acids in lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2009 Feb;28(2):141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2008.11.906.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Sweet MP, Herbella FA, Leard L, Hoopes C, Golden J, Hays S, Patti MG. The prevalence of distal and proximal gastroesophageal reflux in patients awaiting lung transplantation. Ann Surg. 2006 Oct;244(4):491-7. doi: 10.1097/01.sla.0000237757.49687.03.
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Savarino E, Bazzica M, Zentilin P, Pohl D, Parodi A, Cittadini G, Negrini S, Indiveri F, Tutuian R, Savarino V, Ghio M. Gastroesophageal reflux and pulmonary fibrosis in scleroderma: a study using pH-impedance monitoring. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Mar 1;179(5):408-13. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200808-1359OC. Epub 2008 Dec 18.
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BACKGROUND
Sweet MP, Patti MG, Hoopes C, Hays SR, Golden JA. Gastro-oesophageal reflux and aspiration in patients with advanced lung disease. Thorax. 2009 Feb;64(2):167-73. doi: 10.1136/thx.2007.082719.
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BACKGROUND
Benden C, Aurora P, Curry J, Whitmore P, Priestley L, Elliott MJ. High prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in children after lung transplantation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2005 Jul;40(1):68-71. doi: 10.1002/ppul.20234.
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BACKGROUND
Palmer SM, Miralles AP, Howell DN, Brazer SR, Tapson VF, Davis RD. Gastroesophageal reflux as a reversible cause of allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation. Chest. 2000 Oct;118(4):1214-7. doi: 10.1378/chest.118.4.1214.
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BACKGROUND
Rinaldi M, Martinelli L, Volpato G, Pederzolli C, Silvestri M, Pederzolli N, Arbustini E, Vigano M. Gastro-esophageal reflux as cause of obliterative bronchiolitis: a case report. Transplant Proc. 1995 Jun;27(3):2006-7. No abstract available.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Young LR, Hadjiliadis D, Davis RD, Palmer SM. Lung transplantation exacerbates gastroesophageal reflux disease. Chest. 2003 Nov;124(5):1689-93. doi: 10.1378/chest.124.5.1689.
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BACKGROUND
Stovold R, Forrest IA, Corris PA, Murphy DM, Smith JA, Decalmer S, Johnson GE, Dark JH, Pearson JP, Ward C. Pepsin, a biomarker of gastric aspiration in lung allografts: a putative association with rejection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 Jun 15;175(12):1298-303. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200610-1485OC. Epub 2007 Apr 5.
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BACKGROUND
Meltzer AJ, Weiss MJ, Veillette GR, Sahara H, Ng CY, Cochrane ME, Houser SL, Sachs DH, Rosengard BR, Madsen JC, Wain JC, Allan JS. Repetitive gastric aspiration leads to augmented indirect allorecognition after lung transplantation in miniature swine. Transplantation. 2008 Dec 27;86(12):1824-9. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e318190afe6.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Hartwig MG, Appel JZ, Li B, Hsieh CC, Yoon YH, Lin SS, Irish W, Parker W, Davis RD. Chronic aspiration of gastric fluid accelerates pulmonary allograft dysfunction in a rat model of lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006 Jan;131(1):209-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.06.054. Epub 2005 Dec 9.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Downing TE, Sporn TA, Bollinger RR, Davis RD, Parker W, Lin SS. Pulmonary histopathology in an experimental model of chronic aspiration is independent of acidity. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2008 Oct;233(10):1202-12. doi: 10.3181/0801-RM-17. Epub 2008 Jul 18.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Li B, Hartwig MG, Appel JZ, Bush EL, Balsara KR, Holzknecht ZE, Collins BH, Howell DN, Parker W, Lin SS, Davis RD. Chronic aspiration of gastric fluid induces the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in rat lung transplants. Am J Transplant. 2008 Aug;8(8):1614-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02298.x. Epub 2008 Jun 28.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Hadjiliadis D, Davis RD, Lawrence CM, Rea JB, Tapson V, Brazer SR, Palmer SM. Associatioin of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Lung Transplant Recipients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163(5):A325.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Hadjiliadis D, Duane Davis R, Steele MP, Messier RH, Lau CL, Eubanks SS, Palmer SM. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in lung transplant recipients. Clin Transplant. 2003 Aug;17(4):363-8. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-0012.2003.00060.x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Cantu E 3rd, Appel JZ 3rd, Hartwig MG, Woreta H, Green C, Messier R, Palmer SM, Davis RD Jr. J. Maxwell Chamberlain Memorial Paper. Early fundoplication prevents chronic allograft dysfunction in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004 Oct;78(4):1142-51; discussion 1142-51. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.04.044.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
D'Ovidio F, Mura M, Tsang M, Waddell TK, Hutcheon MA, Singer LG, Hadjiliadis D, Chaparro C, Gutierrez C, Pierre A, Darling G, Liu M, Keshavjee S. Bile acid aspiration and the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 May;129(5):1144-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.10.035.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
S.C Murthy1 ERN, D.P. Mason1, M.M. Budev2, A.I. Nunez1, L. Thuita3, J.T. Chapman2, G.B. Pettersson1, E.H. Blackstone1, 3 Preoperative Gastroesophageal Reflux Impacts Early Outcomes after Lung Transplantation. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. 2009 February 28(2):S214.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Lau CL, Palmer SM, Hadjiliadis D, Pappas TN, Eubanks W, Davis RD. Anti-reflux surgery improves pulmonary function in lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2002;21(1):108.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Davis RD Jr, Lau CL, Eubanks S, Messier RH, Hadjiliadis D, Steele MP, Palmer SM. Improved lung allograft function after fundoplication in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease undergoing lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003 Mar;125(3):533-42. doi: 10.1067/mtc.2003.166.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Hartwig MG, Appel JZ, Davis RD. Antireflux surgery in the setting of lung transplantation: strategies for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease in a high-risk population. Thorac Surg Clin. 2005 Aug;15(3):417-27. doi: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2005.03.001.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Other Identifiers
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Pro00025618
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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