EUropean Pharmacogenetics of AntiCoagulant Therapy - Acenocoumarol

NCT ID: NCT01119261

Last Updated: 2013-06-18

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE4
• Total Enrollment: 970 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2010-11-30
• Study Completion Date: 2013-06-30

Brief Summary

Rationale:

The narrow therapeutic range and wide inter-patient variability in dose requirement make anticoagulation response to coumarin derivatives unpredictable. As a result, patients require frequent monitoring to avert adverse effects and maintain therapeutic efficacy. Polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC1) jointly account for about 40% of the inter-individual variability in dose requirements. To date, several pharmacogenetic guided dosing algorithms for coumarin derivatives, predominately for warfarin, have been developed. However, the potential benefit of these dosing algorithms in terms of their safety and clinical utility has not been adequately investigated in randomised settings. Objective: To determine whether a dosing algorithm containing genetic information increases the time within therapeutic INR range during anticoagulation therapy with each of warfarin, acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon compared to a dosing regimen that does not contain this information. Secondary outcomes of the study include cost effectiveness, number of thromboembolic and bleeding events, time to reach stable dose and number of supratherapeutic INR peaks. Study design: This is a two-armed, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial. In one arm (intervention) patients commencing anticoagulation therapy with either warfarin, acenocoumarol or phenprocoumon will be dosed according to a drug-specific genotype-guided dosing algorithm, which is based on genetic information, clinical data and (in the monitoring phase) previous INR. For the other arm (control) patients will be dosed according to a non-genotype-guided dosing regimen which does not include genetic information. The follow-up period per patient is 3 months. Study population: Newly diagnosed patients of both genders and at least 18 years old who need anticoagulant treatment with either acenocoumarol, phenprocoumon or warfarin within the low intensity INR range will be included in the trial. Main study parameters/endpoints: The % time within therapeutic INR range in the first 3 months of anticoagulation therapy. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: Six extra blood samples are taken from each participant at the start of the study. Patients also have to attend 8 scheduled visits within the 3 months study period and are asked to fill in questionnaires. The genotype-guided dosing algorithm is anticipated to improve the accuracy of coumarin dosing and thus improve the safety and efficacy of anticoagulation therapy.

Conditions

Venous Thromboembolism; Atrial Fibrillation

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Non-genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Non-genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Intervention Type: OTHER

Loading and monitoring dose according to non-genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Intervention Type: OTHER

Loading and monitoring dose according to genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Interventions

Genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Loading and monitoring dose according to genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Intervention Type: OTHER

Non-genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Loading and monitoring dose according to non-genotype-guided dosing algorithm

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients with either venous thromboembolism (VTE) or atrial fibrillation (AF) requiring coumarin therapy for at least 12 weeks and a target INR in the low intensity range (INR range 2-3 in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Germany, Austria and Greece and INR 2.5-3.5 in the Netherlands)
• Age ≥ 18 years
• Ability to attend scheduled visits
• Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

• Presence of a mechanical heart valve
• Severe cognitive impairment
• Known genotype CYP2C9 or VKORC1 at start of the study
• Previous or current treatment with any coumarin
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Non-eligible subject

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Utrecht University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Leiden University Medical Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Erasmus Medical Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Ulm

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Newcastle University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Liverpool

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

LGC Limited

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Uppsala University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Democritus University of Thrace

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Elisabethinen Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Anke-Hilse Maitland-van der Zee

PharmD, PhD

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Democritus University of Thrace Medical School

Alexandropoulis, , Greece

Utrecht University

Utrecht, , Netherlands

Countries

Greece; Netherlands

References

van Schie RM, Wadelius MI, Kamali F, Daly AK, Manolopoulos VG, de Boer A, Barallon R, Verhoef TI, Kirchheiner J, Haschke-Becher E, Briz M, Rosendaal FR, Redekop WK, Pirmohamed M, Maitland van der Zee AH. Genotype-guided dosing of coumarin derivatives: the European pharmacogenetics of anticoagulant therapy (EU-PACT) trial design. Pharmacogenomics. 2009 Oct;10(10):1687-95. doi: 10.2217/pgs.09.125.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 19842940 (View on PubMed)

Verhoef TI, Redekop WK, Darba J, Geitona M, Hughes DA, Siebert U, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Barallon R, Briz M, Daly A, Haschke-Becher E, Kamali F, Kirchheiner J, Manolopoulos VG, Pirmohamed M, Rosendaal FR, van Schie RM, Wadelius M; EU-PACT Group. A systematic review of cost-effectiveness analyses of pharmacogenetic-guided dosing in treatment with coumarin derivatives. Pharmacogenomics. 2010 Jul;11(7):989-1002. doi: 10.2217/pgs.10.74.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 20602617 (View on PubMed)

van Schie RM, Jorgensen AL, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH; EU-PACT study group. Systematic review of pharmacogenetic warfarin dosing. J Gen Intern Med. 2009 Oct;24(10):1171. doi: 10.1007/s11606-009-1083-9. No abstract available.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 19693633 (View on PubMed)

van Schie RM, Verhoef TI, Boejharat SB, Schalekamp T, Wessels JA, le Cessie S, Rosendaal FR, van der Meer FJ, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH. Evaluation of the effect of statin use on the acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon maintenance dose. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2012;27(4):229-34. doi: 10.1515/dmdi-2012-0024.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 23096528 (View on PubMed)

Verhoef TI, Redekop WK, Hegazy H, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH; EU-PACT group. Long-term anticoagulant effects of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes in phenprocoumon users. J Thromb Haemost. 2012 Dec;10(12):2610-2. doi: 10.1111/jth.12007. No abstract available.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 23016521 (View on PubMed)

Verhoef TI, Redekop WK, van Schie RM, Bayat S, Daly AK, Geitona M, Haschke-Becher E, Hughes DA, Kamali F, Levin LA, Manolopoulos VG, Pirmohamed M, Siebert U, Stingl JC, Wadelius M, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH; EU-PACT group. Cost-effectiveness of pharmacogenetics in anticoagulation: international differences in healthcare systems and costs. Pharmacogenomics. 2012 Sep;13(12):1405-17. doi: 10.2217/pgs.12.124.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 22966889 (View on PubMed)

van Schie RM, el Khedr N, Verhoef TI, Teichert M, Stricker BH, Hofman A, Buhre PN, Wessels JA, Schalekamp T, le Cessie S, van der Meer FJ, Rosendaal FR, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH, Visser LE. Validation of the acenocoumarol EU-PACT algorithms: similar performance in the Rotterdam Study cohort as in the original study. Pharmacogenomics. 2012 Aug;13(11):1239-45. doi: 10.2217/pgs.12.101.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 22920394 (View on PubMed)

van Schie RM, Babajeff AM, Schalekamp T, Wessels JA, le Cessie S, de Boer A, van der Meer FJ, van Meegen E, Verhoef TI, Rosendaal FR, Maitland-van der Zee AH; EU-PACT study group. An evaluation of gene-gene interaction between the CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes affecting the anticoagulant effect of phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol. J Thromb Haemost. 2012 May;10(5):767-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04694.x.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 22409277 (View on PubMed)

Verhoef TI, Redekop WK, Buikema MM, Schalekamp T, Van Der Meer FJ, Le Cessie S, Wessels JA, Van Schie RM, De Boer A, Teichert M, Visser LE, Maitland-Van Der Zee AH; EU-PACT Group. Long-term anticoagulant effects of the CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes in acenocoumarol users. J Thromb Haemost. 2012 Apr;10(4):606-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04633.x.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 22252093 (View on PubMed)

Avery PJ, Jorgensen A, Hamberg AK, Wadelius M, Pirmohamed M, Kamali F; EU-PACT Study Group. A proposal for an individualized pharmacogenetics-based warfarin initiation dose regimen for patients commencing anticoagulation therapy. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Nov;90(5):701-6. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.186. Epub 2011 Sep 28.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 22012312 (View on PubMed)

van Schie RM, Wessels JA, le Cessie S, de Boer A, Schalekamp T, van der Meer FJ, Verhoef TI, van Meegen E, Rosendaal FR, Maitland-van der Zee AH; EU-PACT Study Group. Loading and maintenance dose algorithms for phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol using patient characteristics and pharmacogenetic data. Eur Heart J. 2011 Aug;32(15):1909-17. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr116. Epub 2011 Jun 2.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 21636598 (View on PubMed)

van Schie RM, Wessels JA, Verhoef TI, Schalekamp T, le Cessie S, van der Meer FJ, Rosendaal FR, Visser LE, Teichert M, Hofman A, Buhre PN, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH. Evaluation of the effect of genetic variations in GATA-4 on the phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol maintenance dose. Pharmacogenomics. 2012 Dec;13(16):1917-23. doi: 10.2217/pgs.12.174.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 23215884 (View on PubMed)

Verhoef TI, Zuurhout MJ, van Schie RM, Redekop WK, van der Meer FJ, le Cessie S, Schalekamp T, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH. The effect of omeprazole and esomeprazole on the maintenance dose of phenprocoumon. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Dec;74(6):1068-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04295.x. No abstract available.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 22497277 (View on PubMed)

van Schie RM, de Boer A, Maitland-van der Zee AH. Implementation of pharmacogenetics in clinical practice is challenging. Pharmacogenomics. 2011 Sep;12(9):1231-3. doi: 10.2217/pgs.11.81. No abstract available.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 21919599 (View on PubMed)

van Schie RM, Cascorbi I, Maitland-van der Zee AH. Conference Scene: Pharmacogenomics at the second PharmSciFair 2009: adverse drug reactions and clinical implementation. Pharmacogenomics. 2009 Sep;10(9):1389-91. doi: 10.2217/pgs.09.95.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 19761363 (View on PubMed)

Baranova EV, Verhoef TI, Ragia G, le Cessie S, Asselbergs FW, de Boer A, Manolopoulos VG, Maitland-van der Zee AH; EU-PACT group. Dosing algorithms for vitamin K antagonists across VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes. J Thromb Haemost. 2017 Mar;15(3):465-472. doi: 10.1111/jth.13615. Epub 2017 Feb 17.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 28063245 (View on PubMed)

Verhoef TI, Ragia G, de Boer A, Barallon R, Kolovou G, Kolovou V, Konstantinides S, Le Cessie S, Maltezos E, van der Meer FJ, Redekop WK, Remkes M, Rosendaal FR, van Schie RM, Tavridou A, Tziakas D, Wadelius M, Manolopoulos VG, Maitland-van der Zee AH; EU-PACT Group. A randomized trial of genotype-guided dosing of acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon. N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 12;369(24):2304-12. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311388. Epub 2013 Nov 19.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 24251360 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

223062

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

2009-016992-31

Identifier Type: EUDRACT_NUMBER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

COU-001A

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id