Individualized Grief Support With Swanson Model

NCT ID: NCT07333391

Last Updated: 2026-01-12

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

48 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2026-02-01

Study Completion Date

2026-07-30

Brief Summary

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This study aims to examine the effects of individualized grief support for women experiencing pregnancy loss. The research, which will be conducted at Süleyman Demirel University, is a mixed-method design and includes both phenomenological qualitative analysis and randomized controlled quantitative trials. The sample will include 48 women; those with severe depression will be excluded. Quantitative data will be analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative data will be analyzed using content analysis.

Detailed Description

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Pregnancy loss is a traumatic experience that leaves deep marks on women's lives. The grieving process that women experience during this period varies according to individual differences. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of individualized grief support for women who have experienced pregnancy loss. By addressing the emotional and psychological challenges women face after pregnancy loss, the study seeks to explore how the most appropriate support and care can be provided.

The sample of the study will consist of women who have experienced pregnancy loss at Süleyman Demirel University Research and Training Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The power analysis of the study was conducted using the GPower 3.1.9.6 (Franz Faul, Universitaet Kiel, Germany) program, and the sample size was calculated as n=24+24=48. Women who obtain a very high score (14+) on the depression subscale of the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale will not be included in the study due to pathological findings.

This research will be conducted as a mixed-method study incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part of the study, a phenomenological design, which is suitable for the nature of the research, will be used. The quantitative part will be conducted as a randomized controlled trial. Quantitative data are planned to be analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Sciences) 26.0 statistical analysis package. Qualitative data will be analyzed through content analysis using a software program commonly utilized for qualitative research.

Conditions

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Pregnancy Loss Grief

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

This research will be conducted as a mixed methods study involving both qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative part of the study will utilize a phenomenological design appropriate to the nature of the study, as part of a qualitative research design. The quantitative part of the study will be conducted as a randomized controlled trial. The sample consisted of 48 individuals who experienced pregnancy loss, agreed to participate in the study voluntarily, and met the inclusion criteria.Data will be collected using a Personal Information Form containing descriptive information about the women, the Perinatal Grief Scale (33-item short version), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DAS-21), and a semi-structured "Interview Form" based on the Swanson Model of Care.
Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Outcome Assessors
Participants will be randomized and assigned to intervention and control groups based on the calculated number in the study.

The Research Randomizer website was used to assign participants to the sample for determining the intervention and control groups. Research Randomizer is a free resource for researchers who need a quick way to generate random numbers or assign participants to experimental conditions (https://randomizer.org/).

A sample randomization for a sample of 48 participants is as follows. Intervention Group 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 22, 25, 27, 29, 30, 34, 35, 40, 41, 43, 46, 47 Control Group

1, 6,7, 9, 11, 17, 18, 19, 21, 23, 24, 26, 28, 31, 32, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39, 42, 44, 45, 48

Study Groups

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No intervention: Control Group

Women assigned to the control group will be administered the Personal Information Form and pretests (PGS, DAS-21) at the first interview. Nurses will instruct the women on the hospital's routine procedures. No intervention will be administered. A posttest (PGS, DAS-21) will be administered three months after the loss.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

intervention group

Women in the intervention group will complete a Personal Information Form and baseline measures (PGS, DAS-21) during the first hospital-based interview, where they will also receive an expert-informed grief brochure. One week after pregnancy loss, a second interview involving a semi-structured, phenomenological exploration of their grief experiences will be conducted. The 3rd, 4th, and 5th interviews-held three weeks after the second interview, in the second month, and in the third month-will focus on providing grief counseling and nursing care based on the Swanson care model. In the final interview, post-test measures (PGS, DAS-21) will be administered.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Assigned Interventions

Intervention Type OTHER

Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with women who have experienced pregnancy loss, and their experiences and grieving processes will be examined phenomenologically. In the 3rd, 4th, and 5th interviews, based on the findings obtained from the qualitative data, grief counseling based on the Swanson care model will be provided to the women, and they will be provided with nursing care and grief support.

Interventions

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Assigned Interventions

Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with women who have experienced pregnancy loss, and their experiences and grieving processes will be examined phenomenologically. In the 3rd, 4th, and 5th interviews, based on the findings obtained from the qualitative data, grief counseling based on the Swanson care model will be provided to the women, and they will be provided with nursing care and grief support.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Aged 18 years and above,
* Literate,
* Able to understand and speak Turkish,
* Desired and planned pregnancies
* No diagnosed psychiatric illness,
* No hearing or mental disabilit

Exclusion Criteria

* Women who experienced pregnancy loss after infertility treatment
* Women who received psychological support during the process
* Women who scored very high on the DAS scale
* Women who withdrew from the study at any stage
* Women who did not complete the data collection forms will be excluded from the study.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Suleyman Demirel University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Fatma Pehlivan

Clinical Research Nurse

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Emel Taşçı Duran, Phd, RN

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Suleyman Demirel Üniversity

Locations

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Suleyman Demirel University

Isparta, Merkez, Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status

Countries

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Turkey (Türkiye)

Central Contacts

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Fatma Pehlivan Msc, RN

Role: CONTACT

+905068675172

Emel Taşçı Duran Phd, RN

Role: CONTACT

+905336434819

Facility Contacts

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Fatma Pehlivan Msc, RN

Role: primary

+905968675172

Emel Taşçı Duran Phd, RN

Role: backup

+905336434819

Related Links

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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30373583/

Bellhouse C, Temple-Smith MJ, Bilardi JE. "It's just one of those things people don't seem to talk about..." women's experiences of social support following miscarriage: a qualitative study. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Oct 29;18(1):176. doi: 10.1186/s12905-0

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16227519/

Hutti MH. Social and professional support needs of families after perinatal loss. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2005 Sep-Oct;34(5):630-8. doi: 10.1177/0884217505279998. PMID: 16227519.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37577178/

Koert E, Hartwig TS, Hviid Malling GM, Schmidt L, Nielsen HS. 'You're never pregnant in the same way again': prior early pregnancy loss influences need for health care and support in subsequent pregnancy. Hum Reprod Open. 2023 Aug 1;2023(3):hoad032.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32255196/

Lidegaard Ø, Mikkelsen AP, Egerup P, Kolte AM, Rasmussen SC, Nielsen HS. Pregnancy loss: A 40-year nationwide assessment. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020 Nov;99(11):1492-1496. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13860. Epub 2020 Apr 26. PMID: 32255196.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27573073/

McSpedden M, Mullan B, Sharpe L, Breen LJ, Lobb EA. The presence and predictors of complicated grief symptoms in perinatally bereaved mothers from a bereavement support organization. Death Stud. 2017 Feb;41(2):112-117. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2016.1210696.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31976622/

Smith LK, Dickens J, Bender Atik R, Bevan C, Fisher J, Hinton L. Parents' experiences of care following the loss of a baby at the margins between miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal death: a UK qualitative study. BJOG. 2020 Jun;127(7):868-874.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10571496/

Swanson KM. Effects of caring, measurement, and time on miscarriage impact and women's well-being. Nurs Res. 1999 Nov-Dec;48(6):288-98. doi: 10.1097/00006199-199911000-00004. PMID: 10571496.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37024379/

Zhuang S, Chen M, Ma X, Jiang J, Xiao G, Zhao Y, Hou J, Wang Y. The needs of women experiencing perinatal loss: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis. Women Birth. 2023 Sep;36(5):409-420. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2023.03.007. Epub 2023 Apr 5. PM

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29040571/

van den Berg MMJ, Dancet EAF, Erlikh T, van der Veen F, Goddijn M, Hajenius PJ. Patient-centered early pregnancy care: a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies on the perspectives of women and their partners. Hum Reprod Update. 2018 Ja

Other Identifiers

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SDUSuleyman

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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