Menstrual Cycle TMS Plasticity Pilot

NCT ID: NCT07180654

Last Updated: 2026-01-09

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Total Enrollment

100 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-12-15

Study Completion Date

2028-10-31

Brief Summary

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Aim 1: Assess how menstrual cycle phase affects motor cortex plasticity in females.

Aim 2: Compare motor cortex plasticity between males and females across the same time points, identifying potential sex differences in TMS response.

Aim 3: Examine associations between serum hormone levels and TMS-induced plasticity within and between sexes.

Detailed Description

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This project will recruit healthy male and female volunteers between the ages of 20-40. Females must who are not on hormonal medications and, if female, have regular menstrual cycles as defined in Table 1. At time of consent, female participants will be send home with given tests that may assess urine estradiol, LH and/or their metabolites. Participants will be asked to complete these tests at home, will be instructed to use these tests in the morning at the first void of the day; the number of days during each cycle that participants will be asked to complete these tests will be based on their report of their regular cycle pattern but will not be longer than half the number of days in each cycle. In addition, female subjects will be given a RedCap survey link at which they will track their menstrual cycle and results from the urine estradiol/LH tests.

Subjects will undergo 4 study visits over approximately 1-2 months depending on availability and, if female, menstrual cycle point. At visit 1, subjects will consent to the protocol, fill out surveys including the TMS Adult Safety Screening (TASS) and a questionnaire about past hormonal medication use and if relevant, menstrual cycle history. If female, subjects will be given take-home ovulation tests to use across the study duration.

On the following visits, they may undergo the following procedures: 1) venipuncture to collect approximately 45mL 10 mL of blood 2) motor threshold testing, 2) Paired-Pulse Stimulation 3) Single-Pulse TMS to the motor cortex 4) intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) to the motor cortex.

Conditions

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Cortical Activation

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

OTHER

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

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Volunteers

Single group design

transcranial magnetic stimulation

Intervention Type DEVICE

Subjects will receive a series of 60 10s trains that will be presented over the course of the \~3.5 min session. Each train will consist of 2 s of stimulation with an 8 s ITI. During the 2 s of stimulation, 10, 50 Hz bursts will be repeated at intervals of 200 ms (5 Hz). iTBS will be administered at 100% of the motor threshold (MT).

Interventions

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transcranial magnetic stimulation

Subjects will receive a series of 60 10s trains that will be presented over the course of the \~3.5 min session. Each train will consist of 2 s of stimulation with an 8 s ITI. During the 2 s of stimulation, 10, 50 Hz bursts will be repeated at intervals of 200 ms (5 Hz). iTBS will be administered at 100% of the motor threshold (MT).

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Able to give their consent
* If female, must have menstrual cycles of normal frequency, regularity, and duration.

Exclusion Criteria

* Non-English speaking
* Any medical condition that increases risk for TMS
* History of seizure
* History of epilepsy
* Increased risk of seizure for any reason
Minimum Eligible Age

20 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

40 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of Pennsylvania

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Nicholas Balderston, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Pennsylvania

Locations

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University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States

Central Contacts

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Nicholas Balderston, PhD

Role: CONTACT

12157463058

Facility Contacts

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Nicholas l Balderston, PhD

Role: primary

215-746-3058

Other Identifiers

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858764

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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