Telerehabilitation Versus Traditional Balance Training in Women With Osteoporosis.

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

60 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2026-01-31

Study Completion Date

2026-07-31

Brief Summary

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Osteoporosis is a silent disease that leads to fractures, postural deformities, and impaired balance, especially in postmenopausal women. In Pakistan, prevalence is high, with 39% of women reported as severely osteoporotic. Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and balance issues face increased fall risk due to poor bone density, weakened muscles especially in the lower limb band altered posture .Balance and strength training reduce fall risk, but access to in-person rehabilitation is limited. Telerehabilitation provides remote delivery of structured exercise programs and has shown positive outcomes in balance and bone health. Few studies, however, have compared telerehabilitation with conventional training across all balance domains. The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the effect of Telerehabilitation and Traditional Balance Training in Post Menopausal Women with osteoporosis. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups, and both will receive an identical standardized balance training program . The results of this clinical trial will help evaluate how telerehabilitation can improve the balance of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and improve health outcomes.

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Detailed Description

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Osteoporosis often remains undetected until fractures occur, typically involving the hip, wrist, or spine, and may also cause back pain, height loss, and kyphosis. Postmenopausal women face increased fall risk due to reduced bone density, weakened lower limb muscles, and altered posture. Many also develop fear of falling, which restricts activity and accelerates muscle weakness.

Globally, osteoporosis affects about 23.1% of women and 11.7% of men, with fragility fractures being a major cause of disability. In Pakistan, hospital-based findings show a high proportion of postmenopausal women as severely osteoporotic, with a strong link to fall-related injuries.

Exercise interventions, including balance, resistance, and weight-bearing training, are known to improve bone strength, postural control, and confidence by stimulating bone remodelling and enhancing musculoskeletal performance. Telerehabilitation, delivered via video conferencing, provides remote access to such programs and has demonstrated improvements in stability, weight-shifting, and functional balance.

However, most studies assess limited outcomes using tools like TUG or BBS, without addressing static, dynamic, anticipatory, and reactive balance together. Evidence largely comes from high-income countries, while data from resource-limited settings like Pakistan remain scarce. This trial seeks to evaluate telerehabilitation compared to traditional training across comprehensive balance domains in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Conditions

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Osteoporosis Postmenopausal

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

There will be comparison between the two groups, experimental and control.

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Telerehabilitation group

This group will receive a 6 week structured telerehabilitation exercise protocol of low to moderate intensity (18 sessions , 3 sessions per week,45 to 60 minutes ), warmup, balance training and cool down exercises. delivered online by a physiotherapist and progressively increasing every three weeks.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Telerehabilitation group

Intervention Type OTHER

The telerehabilitation group participated in balance training sessions delivered through secure virtual platforms such as WhatsApp video calls. Participants completed 3 sessions per week, each lasting 45-60 minutes, over a total of 6 weeks (18 sessions). The program target static, dynamic, anticipatory, and reactive balance. participants will use households items.session began with warm-up exercises such as gentle marching, arm circles, and hamstring stretches, followed by balance training targeting static, dynamic, anticipatory, and reactive components. Exercises included heel-to-toe standing, single-leg stance, tandem stance, obstacle walking, heel-to-toe walking, side stepping, functional reach, weight shifting, caregiver-assisted perturbations, and foam surface standing. All exercises were performed in 3 sets with specified holds or repetitions. Sessions concluded with cool-down activities including tricep stretches, forward bends, and deep breathing.

Traditional Balance Training group

In the traditional balance training group the protocol will be delivered by a physiotherapist in a clinical environment face to face. The standardized balance training protocol will be monitored exactly the same as telerehabilitation group

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Traditional balance training group

Intervention Type OTHER

Same as telerehabilitation group but it will concluded in a clinical setting.

Interventions

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Telerehabilitation group

The telerehabilitation group participated in balance training sessions delivered through secure virtual platforms such as WhatsApp video calls. Participants completed 3 sessions per week, each lasting 45-60 minutes, over a total of 6 weeks (18 sessions). The program target static, dynamic, anticipatory, and reactive balance. participants will use households items.session began with warm-up exercises such as gentle marching, arm circles, and hamstring stretches, followed by balance training targeting static, dynamic, anticipatory, and reactive components. Exercises included heel-to-toe standing, single-leg stance, tandem stance, obstacle walking, heel-to-toe walking, side stepping, functional reach, weight shifting, caregiver-assisted perturbations, and foam surface standing. All exercises were performed in 3 sets with specified holds or repetitions. Sessions concluded with cool-down activities including tricep stretches, forward bends, and deep breathing.

Intervention Type OTHER

Traditional balance training group

Same as telerehabilitation group but it will concluded in a clinical setting.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* • Women diagnosed with osteopenia and osteoporosis at hip and lumbar spine through DEXA

* Age 50-70 years
* Have mobile phones and can communicate in video call
* Have Balance score (21-44) on berg balance scale
* A caregiver must be available to assist the participant during Tele sessions.

Exclusion Criteria

* • Women with severe mobility impairments.

* Women with cognitive conditions affecting participation.
* Women with lower limb joint injury or surgery

Minimum Eligible Age

50 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

70 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No