Gamma tACS in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

60 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-10-01

Study Completion Date

2027-12-30

Brief Summary

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. These symptoms are often associated with impairments in executive functions and working memory, which are essential for goal-directed behavior and cognitive control. Deficits in these domains can significantly hinder individuals' academic, social, and daily functioning. Gamma oscillations (30-80 Hz) play a crucial role in cognitive integration, attention, and memory processes, and are thought to emerge from the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neuronal activity.

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that modulates neuronal activity through rhythmic electrical currents. Recent studies suggest that gamma-frequency tACS applied to the prefrontal cortex can enhance cognitive performance and attentional processes. In individuals with ADHD, disrupted gamma connectivity and reduced regional gamma power have been associated with attentional deficits. Therefore, gamma tACS may modulate both regional activity and long-range functional connectivity, offering a promising neuromodulation strategy to alleviate ADHD symptoms.

In this context, the present study aims to investigate the effects of bilateral gamma-frequency tACS applied to the prefrontal cortex on attention and executive function performance in individuals with ADHD. Changes in gamma oscillatory activity will be measured using EEG to assess the neurophysiological impacts of stimulation. The study seeks to evaluate whether gamma tACS can serve as a targeted, evidence-based intervention to address the neurofunctional deficits observed in ADHD, potentially offering a novel therapeutic approach.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity (ADHD)

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

FACTORIAL

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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80 Hz Group

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 80 Hz gamma frequency will be applied to the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Each session will last 20 minutes. A total of five sessions will be conducted.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Application tACS- 80 Hz

Intervention Type DEVICE

In this study, a single 20-minute session of tACS will be administered over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at various gamma frequencies (80 Hz).The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 according to the 10-20 system), and the cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (F4).

6-80 Hz Group

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 6-80 Hz theta- gamma frequency will be applied to the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Each session will last 20 minutes. A total of five sessions will be conducted.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Application TACS - (6-80 Hz)

Intervention Type DEVICE

In this study, a single 20-minute session of tACS will be administered over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at theta- gamma coupling frequencies ( 6-80 Hz). The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 according to the 10-20 system), and the cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (F4).

Sham Group

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) sham will be applied to the the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Each session will last 20 minutes. A total of five sessions will be conducted.

Group Type SHAM_COMPARATOR

Application TACS- Sham

Intervention Type DEVICE

In this study, a single 20-min tACS session will be applied over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in a sham application. The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 of the 10-20 system) and the cathodal electrode will be placed over the right DLPFC (F4).

40 Hz Group

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 40 Hz gamma frequency will be applied to the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Each session will last 20 minutes. A total of five sessions will be conducted.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Application tACS -40 Hz

Intervention Type DEVICE

In this study, a single 20-minute session of tACS will be administered over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at gamma frequencies (40 Hz). The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 according to the 10-20 system), and the cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (F4).

Individual Gamma Group

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at ındividual gamma frequency will be applied to the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Each session will last 20 minutes. A total of five sessions will be conducted.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Application TACS- Individual Gamma Hz

Intervention Type DEVICE

In this study, a single 20-minute session of tACS will be administered over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at individual gamma frequencies . The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 according to the 10-20 system), and the cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (F4).

Interventions

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Application tACS- 80 Hz

In this study, a single 20-minute session of tACS will be administered over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at various gamma frequencies (80 Hz).The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 according to the 10-20 system), and the cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (F4).

Intervention Type DEVICE

Application tACS -40 Hz

In this study, a single 20-minute session of tACS will be administered over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at gamma frequencies (40 Hz). The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 according to the 10-20 system), and the cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (F4).

Intervention Type DEVICE

Application TACS - (6-80 Hz)

In this study, a single 20-minute session of tACS will be administered over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at theta- gamma coupling frequencies ( 6-80 Hz). The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 according to the 10-20 system), and the cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (F4).

Intervention Type DEVICE

Application TACS- Individual Gamma Hz

In this study, a single 20-minute session of tACS will be administered over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at individual gamma frequencies . The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 according to the 10-20 system), and the cathodal electrode over the right DLPFC (F4).

Intervention Type DEVICE

Application TACS- Sham

In this study, a single 20-min tACS session will be applied over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in a sham application. The anodal surface electrode will be placed over the left DLPFC (F3 of the 10-20 system) and the cathodal electrode will be placed over the right DLPFC (F4).

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Being between 18 and 40 years of age
* Receiving an ADHD diagnosis
* Scoring above 25 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
* Being right-handed