Muscle Energy Technique With and Without Patellar Inferior Glide in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

NCT ID: NCT07064044

Last Updated: 2025-07-14

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 36 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2025-07-31
• Study Completion Date: 2025-10-31

Brief Summary

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most commonly diagnosed conditions among adolescents and adults with knee complaints, accounting for approximately 25% of knee disorders diagnosed in sports medical clinics. While the etiology of PFPS is suggested to be multifactorial, several contributing factors such as lower knee extensors strength, quadriceps imbalance, weak hip abductors and overuse have been identified.

Detailed Description

This study will be a randomized clinical trial and will be conducted in RIMS Rehabilitation Center Multan and Hadi Physiotherapy Center Multan. Non-probability convenient sampling will be used to collect the data. Sample size of 36 subjects with age group 20-40 years will be taken. Data will be collected from the patients having patellofemoral pain syndrome. Outcome measures will be taken using Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) for pain, Universal Goniometer (GU) for Range of motion and Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) for disability. An informed consent will be taken. Subjects will be selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria and will be equally divided into two groups by random number generator table. Group A will receive muscle energy technique and patellar inferior glide and conventional physical therapy while group B will receive muscle energy technique and conventional treatment. Outcome measures will be measured at baseline and after 4 weeks. Data analysis will be done by SPSS version 25.

Conditions

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Muscle Energy Technique and Patellar Inferior Glide

Muscle Energy Technique for Hamstrings and Quadriceps While the patient contract muscle (Hamstring / Quadriceps) the therapist applies a gentle controlled force. After the contraction patient release and the therapist reposition the leg into a new barrier. Intensity of contraction will be 20-25-% of maximum strength. Each contraction will be held for 5-7 seconds, followed by additional passive stretching maintained for 30 and the relaxation patellar inferior glide applied at patella: the examiner applied a gentle downward force on the patella with their right hand, while the left hand controlled the direction of the patella's movement. This will be applied for 3-4 minutes as tolerated by the patient.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Muscle Energy Technique and Patellar Inferior Glide

Intervention Type: OTHER

Muscle Energy Technique for Hamstrings and Quadriceps While the patient contract muscle (Hamstring / Quadriceps) the therapist applies a gentle controlled force. After the contraction patient release and the therapist reposition the leg into a new barrier. Intensity of contraction will be 20-25-% of maximum strength. Each contraction will be held for 5-7 seconds, followed by additional passive stretching maintained for 30 and the relaxation patellar inferior glide applied at patella: the examiner applied a gentle downward force on the patella with their right hand, while the left hand controlled the direction of the patella's movement. This will be applied for 3-4 minutes as tolerated by the patient.

Conventional Physiotherapy treatment

TENS applied, Ultrasound therapeutic modality applied, Hip and knee muscles strengthening exercises

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Conventional Traetment

Intervention Type: OTHER

TENS applied for 10 minutes, Therapeutic ultrasound,Hip abductors and lateral rotators strengthening, Hamstring muscle passive stretching, Isometrics for quadriceps, given thrice a week for 4 weeks .

Interventions

Conventional Traetment

TENS applied for 10 minutes, Therapeutic ultrasound,Hip abductors and lateral rotators strengthening, Hamstring muscle passive stretching, Isometrics for quadriceps, given thrice a week for 4 weeks .

Intervention Type: OTHER

Muscle Energy Technique and Patellar Inferior Glide

Muscle Energy Technique for Hamstrings and Quadriceps While the patient contract muscle (Hamstring / Quadriceps) the therapist applies a gentle controlled force. After the contraction patient release and the therapist reposition the leg into a new barrier. Intensity of contraction will be 20-25-% of maximum strength. Each contraction will be held for 5-7 seconds, followed by additional passive stretching maintained for 30 and the relaxation patellar inferior glide applied at patella: the examiner applied a gentle downward force on the patella with their right hand, while the left hand controlled the direction of the patella's movement. This will be applied for 3-4 minutes as tolerated by the patient.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Individuals with age 20-40Years
• Pain rating > 3 and < 7 on NPRS
• Patella alta confirmed with ISI (Insall Salvati index) ratio > 1.2 on lateral knee radiograph
• Positive Ely's test for rectus femoris tightness
• Positive eccentric step test

Exclusion Criteria

• History of patellofemoral dislocation
• Knee osteoarthritis
• Recently undergo to surgery to knee
• Fracture in knee region
• Positive patellar tap test for knee joint effusion
• Lateral and medial tracking of patella
• Patients taking NSAIDs and corticosteroids

• Minimum Eligible Age: 20 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Riphah International University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Samrood Akram, PhD*

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Riphah International University

Locations

Rims Rehabilitation Centre

Multan Khurd, Punjab Province, Pakistan

Countries

Pakistan

Central Contacts

Samrood Akram, PhD Scholar

Role: CONTACT

samrood.akram@riphah.edu.pk.com

03324806143

Facility Contacts

Narmeen Haseeb, MSPT

Role: primary

narmeen.haseeb.pt@gmail.com

923012721919

References

Widhiantari NKE, Widnyana M, Jawi IM. Risk factors of the patellofemoral pain syndrome. Kinesiology and Physiotherapy Comprehensive. 2023;2(3):74-80.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

Leon-Morillas F, Garcia-Marin M, Corujo-Hernandez C, Martin Aleman M, Castellote-Caballero Y, Cahalin LP, Infante-Guedes A, Cruz-Diaz D. Evaluating the Impact of Flossing Band Integration in Conventional Physiotherapy for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. J Clin Med. 2024 May 17;13(10):2958. doi: 10.3390/jcm13102958.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 38792499 (View on PubMed)

Abd Elhady AM, Abd Elmajeed SF, Abd Allah WA, Abd Elhamed HB. Knee Alignment-Oriented Balance Exercises Versus Conventional Balance Exercises in Treating Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine (January 2024).94:975-81.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

Raju A, Jayaraman K, Nuhmani S, Sebastian S, Khan M, Alghadir AH. Effects of hip abductor with external rotator strengthening versus proprioceptive training on pain and functions in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Feb 16;103(7):e37102. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037102.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 38363950 (View on PubMed)

Mv VK, Subramanian NB, S S, Kotamraju S, Krishnan M. Physiotherapeutic interventions on quadriceps muscle architecture in patello-femoral pain syndrome. Bioinformation. 2023 Apr 30;19(4):454-459. doi: 10.6026/97320630019454. eCollection 2023.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 37822824 (View on PubMed)

Veeresh G, Kumar SS, Sasidharan S. MANUAL THERAPY FOR PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME REVIEW OF LITERATURE. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR). 2024;10(5):298-309.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

Other Identifiers

REC/RCR &AHS/24/0162 Tayba

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id