Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Biomarkers in Depression

NCT ID: NCT07062783

Last Updated: 2025-09-05

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 40 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-08-01
• Study Completion Date: 2025-09-30

Brief Summary

This study aims to investigate changes in the levels of biomarkers (IGF-1, FGF2, and EGF) involved in neuron development in patients diagnosed with major depression through the effects of breathing exercises and aerobic exercise, as well as to examine the levels of biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1) and oxidative stress (TAS, TOS, MDA, and F2-isoprostane) that are thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of depression.

Conditions

Major Depression

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Exercise Group

Those included in the experimental group continued diaphragmatic breathing exercises every day for three weeks and walking exercises at least three days a week.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Breathing exercise

Intervention Type: OTHER

Volunteers participating in the study who were included in the experimental group performed breathing exercises every day for three weeks. They were taught to focus their attention on the hand on their abdominal area while breathing slowly through their nose and to increase abdominal movement while reducing chest movement. They were warned that during inspiration, as air filled their lungs, the hand on their abdomen should rise upward and the hand on their chest should not move excessively. Participants continued the training until they performed the exercise correctly. The diaphragmatic breathing exercise was performed for 10 minutes in the supine position during the first week, in the semi-sitting and/or sitting position during the second week, and in the standing position during the final week.

Aerobic Exercise

Intervention Type: OTHER

The ratios determined as reference values for walking training in healthy adults (reference value for women = (2.11\*height) - (2.29\*body weight) - (5.78\*age) + 667 meters - reference value for men = (7.57\*height) - (1.76\*body weight) - (5.0 2\*age) - 309 meters) was performed at 80% intensity for at least 30 minutes on at least 3 days a week for 3 weeks. Aerobic exercise was considered for 3 weeks to facilitate adaptation to exercise and sustainability.

Control group

The control group continued their routine lives, and at the end of three weeks

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Breathing exercise

Volunteers participating in the study who were included in the experimental group performed breathing exercises every day for three weeks. They were taught to focus their attention on the hand on their abdominal area while breathing slowly through their nose and to increase abdominal movement while reducing chest movement. They were warned that during inspiration, as air filled their lungs, the hand on their abdomen should rise upward and the hand on their chest should not move excessively. Participants continued the training until they performed the exercise correctly. The diaphragmatic breathing exercise was performed for 10 minutes in the supine position during the first week, in the semi-sitting and/or sitting position during the second week, and in the standing position during the final week.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Aerobic Exercise

The ratios determined as reference values for walking training in healthy adults (reference value for women = (2.11\*height) - (2.29\*body weight) - (5.78\*age) + 667 meters - reference value for men = (7.57\*height) - (1.76\*body weight) - (5.0 2\*age) - 309 meters) was performed at 80% intensity for at least 30 minutes on at least 3 days a week for 3 weeks. Aerobic exercise was considered for 3 weeks to facilitate adaptation to exercise and sustainability.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Individuals who volunteer to participate in the study,
• Between the ages of 18 and 40,
• Have been diagnosed with clinical depression by a psychiatrist according to DSM-5 criteria

Exclusion Criteria

• Individuals with chronic conditions accompanying depression,
• Those with walking difficulties
• Those with respiratory system disorders

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit

AMBIG

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Kutahya Health Sciences University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Locations

Kutahya Health Sciences University

Kütahya, Merkez, Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

Central Contacts

Hatice Solak, Assos. Prof

Role: CONTACT

hatice.solak@ksbu.edu.tr

+90274 260 0043

Vedat Kurt, Assos. Prof.

Role: CONTACT

vedat.kurt@ksbu.edu.tr

+90 553 3813177

Other Identifiers

DAE1

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id