Effects of White and Pink Noise Applied Before and During Colonoscopy on Pain and Anxiety

NCT ID: NCT07034638

Last Updated: 2025-12-01

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 135 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2025-06-24
• Study Completion Date: 2025-11-01

Brief Summary

In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of endoscopic procedures due to the increase in diseases. Colonoscopy is widely used in the screening and diagnosis of many diseases, especially colorectal cancer. However, colonoscopy is perceived as an invasive, painful and uncomfortable procedure by patients. Moreover, it can cause pain associated with embarrassment, fear, anxiety and physical and emotional discomfort.

Detailed Description

This study aims to evaluate the effects of white and pink noise applied before and during colonoscopy on pain and anxiety levels of patients. Colonoscopy is a widely used method in colon cancer screening and diagnosis and treatment of lower gastrointestinal system diseases; however, pain may occur in patients due to mesenteric distension and spasms during the procedure. In addition, many patients experience moderate anxiety during the procedure. Since pharmacological pain and anxiety management strategies may lead to some complications, in recent years, there has been an increase in the use of non-pharmacological methods such as music, video, virtual reality and distraction techniques. One of these methods, sound therapy, provides relaxation by directing the individual's attention to positive emotions. While white noise is a constant-intensity sound similar to the sound of the ocean or wind, pink noise resembles rain or rustling leaves with its lower frequency and soothing properties. There are a limited number of studies in the literature examining the effects of white and pink noise, but there is no study evaluating both types of noise together in colonoscopy patients. In order to fill this gap, the effects of white and pink noise on pain and anxiety are comparatively examined in this study.

Conditions

Surgical Procedures, Elective; Nurse Based Care Management

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Control group

Patients in the control group will only be subject to the hospital's current standard care protocol. The procedures performed within the scope of this protocol include routine practices such as informing the patient, making the necessary medical preparations, and providing basic nursing interventions during the procedure. After the colonoscopy procedure is completed, the patient will be taken out of the endoscopy room and taken to the rest area where they will rest for 10 minutes in a quiet environment. At the end of this period, the VAS and VAS-A forms will be filled in again by the researcher and post-procedure pain and anxiety levels will be measured.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

white noise

In this group, patients will listen to white noise via headphones in addition to the hospital's standard care protocol prior to and during the colonoscopy procedure, as directed by the researcher. White noise is a type of sound that contains equal intensity sound across the entire frequency spectrum and suppresses environmental sounds that distract the individual by masking external noise. Patients will choose one of three compact discs containing white noise (babbling brook, distant thunderstorm, soothing rain; Pure White Noise, Windsor, CO). The patient will listen to the noise via headphones for 20 minutes before the colonoscopy begins. It will continue uninterrupted throughout the procedure, and pain will be assessed with VAS and anxiety levels will be assessed with VAS-A during the procedure. The sound level will be adjusted to predetermined safe levels so as not to disrupt the patient's comfort. After the colonoscopy procedure is completed, the patient will be taken out of the e

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

WNG

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

In addition to the hospital's standard care protocol, patients in this group will listen to white noise through headphones before and during the colonoscopy procedure, as directed by the researcher.

Pink noise

In addition to the standard care protocol, the patients included in this group will listen to pink noise through headphones as directed by the researcher. Pink noise is a sound form that is dominated by low-frequency sounds and provides a more natural, soft acoustic environment. Sounds similar to sounds in nature (e.g. wind, rain, ocean waves) are included as pink noise. The patient will listen to pink noise through headphones for 20 minutes before the colonoscopy begins. It will continue uninterrupted throughout the procedure. During the procedure, pain will be assessed with VAS and anxiety levels will be assessed with VAS-A. The sound level will be adjusted to predetermined safe levels so as not to disrupt the patient's comfort. After the colonoscopy procedure is completed, the patient will be taken out of the endoscopy room and taken to the resting area where they will rest for 10 minutes in a quiet environment. At the end of this period, the researcher will fill in the VAS and VAS

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

PNG

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

In addition to the standard care protocol, patients included in this group will listen to pink noise through headphones as directed by the researcher.

Interventions

WNG

In addition to the hospital's standard care protocol, patients in this group will listen to white noise through headphones before and during the colonoscopy procedure, as directed by the researcher.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

PNG

In addition to the standard care protocol, patients included in this group will listen to pink noise through headphones as directed by the researcher.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Volunteering to participate in the study,

• Being over 18 years old,
• Being able to speak and read and write Turkish,
• The patient should not have a hearing problem,
• Being conscious, oriented and cooperative

Exclusion Criteria

• The patient's use of anxiolytics or analgesics on the day of the procedure,
• The patient's diagnosis of any psychiatric / neurological disease,

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Akdeniz University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Seda Cansu Yeniğün

Lecturer Dr

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Seda Cansu Yeniğün

Antalya, Kumluca, Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

Other Identifiers

Scy120991

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id