Yoga vs Deep Breathing for Kinesiophobia in Footballers With Chronic Ankle Instability

NCT ID: NCT07034534

Last Updated: 2025-06-24

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 28 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-08-26
• Study Completion Date: 2025-02-20

Brief Summary

The study aimed to determine if yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy were more effective than deep breathing exercises and conventional physiotherapy in reducing kinesiophobia in amateur football players with chronic ankle instability. 28 participants were divided into an experimental and control group, with the experimental group receiving yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy, and the control group receiving deep breathing exercises and conventional physiotherapy.

Detailed Description

Yoga is an Indian mind-body practice that has become well-known all over the world. During standing, sitting, and lying supine or prone, participants' bodily motions are gradual and have a wide range of motion. It has been demonstrated that yoga practice improves balance, coordination, emotional and mental well-being which assist in increasing joint flexibility, range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength.

Three yoga poses namely, the crescent lunge pose (Halasana), warrior II pose (Virabhadrasana II), and triangle pose (Trikonasana). These yoga manoeuvres reduce pain, which enhances people's quality of life. Reports indicate that yoga alters the perception of pain and influences brain waves. Since yoga promotes both pain treatment and psychosocial healing, it has been a popular alternative pain management technique in recent years for Kinesio phobia.

Injured athletes can benefit from deep breathing as a non-pharmacological pain management technique that increases localized tissue circulation and diverts attention from their discomfort. Inducing a shift in sympathetic nervous system activity by reducing stress hormone levels and activating the diaphragm by stimulating the vagal nerve, which regulates pain perception, guided or focused deep breathing functions as a mindful meditation technique.

The most successful strategy for collegiate athletes to handle stress and prepare for competition was deep breathing. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that deep breathing can assist individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain manage their condition effectively, reducing movement fear and enhancing subjective wellbeing and quality of life.

Conventional physical therapy includes exercises for strengthening and flexibility as well as training for agility and balance. These therapies aim to improve muscular strength, speed, agility, and neuromuscular control; restore a normal gait pattern without the use of assistive devices; improve balance; and increase range of motion and flexibility. Conventional physiotherapy uses a range of techniques centered on function restoration, strength enhancement, and injury prevention to address these problems.

By combining conventional physiotherapy with relaxation techniques like three typical yoga postures and deep breathing technique, our method not only helps people with Kinesio phobia but also improves their ankle range of motion, balance, and coordination so they can actively resume their daily lives.

Conditions

Kinesiophobia; Chronic Ankle Instability

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Three typical yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy

Participants received three typical yoga poses and conventional physiotherapy for five days each, for a total of six weeks with rest periods.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Three typical yoga poses

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

duration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included

Deep breathing technique

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

duration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included

Deep Breathing technique and conventional physiotherapy

Participants received Deep Breathing technique and conventional physiotherapy for five days each, for a total of six weeks with rest periods..

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Three typical yoga poses

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

duration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included

Deep breathing technique

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

duration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included

Interventions

Three typical yoga poses

duration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Deep breathing technique

duration for both group includes 10 mins 5 sec, rest period will be included

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Other Intervention Names

conventional physiotherapy; conventional physiotherapy

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Age: 18 - 22
• Acute ankle sprain diagnosis: documented diagnosis of chronic ankle instability.
• Chronic ankle instability pain score of 0-27 on CAIT tool
• Kinesio phobia severity score: 37-68 on Tampa scale
• Pain anxiety symptom scale (PASS) score: 67-94

Exclusion Criteria

• Neurological problem
• Recent history of ankle surgery
• Proscribed with any pain - relieving medication
• Both ankle instability and acute injuries to musculoskeletal structures in the lower limb.
• Participants who have multiple fractures

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 22 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Saveetha University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Snekha V

Primary investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences

Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Countries

India

Provided Documents

Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Other Identifiers

30/32/2024/ISRB/SR/SCPT

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id