Examining the Effectiveness of Asynchronous Versus Synchronous Yoga for Veterans With Chronic Pain

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

100 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-01-10

Study Completion Date

2025-09-30

Brief Summary

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The goal of this clinical trial is to see if pre-recorded yoga videos are as helpful for chronic pain as online yoga sessions taught in real time. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Are pre-recorded yoga videos an acceptable and practical tool and could they be used more broadly?

Are pre-recorded yoga videos no worse than online yoga sessions taught in real time for managing chronic pain?

Researchers will compare changes in chronic pain, mental health, and quality of life outcomes for participants who attend pre-recorded yoga videos versus online yoga sessions taught in real time.

Over the course of 4 months, participants will:

Attend a 5-session virtual yoga course. Continue virtual yoga practice for 12-weeks on their own or in a VA online class. Complete 3 online assessments and a brief exit interview.

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Detailed Description

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The overarching goals of the proposed research are to pilot test feasibility and acceptability of a 5-session yoga primer to the mindful practice of pain-sensitive teleyoga and its impact on subsequent teleyoga practice delivered either synchronously or asynchronously. The research will also test the preliminary effectiveness of teleyoga practice on outcomes related to chronic pain, mental health, and quality of life.

* Aim 1: Assess acceptability and feasibility of trial methodology to inform future larger-scale trials.
* Aim 2: Use intent-to-treat analysis and random effect regression models to compare changes in pain interference, pain severity, physical function, quality of life, depression, and anxiety between participants who attend synchronous vs. asynchronous teleyoga.

The primary purpose of a pilot study is to assess feasibility of methods to inform future larger studies. However, inferential analyses may be appropriate to help ascertain estimates of variability for the primary and secondary outcomes that can be used to power larger trials. To that end, the investigators will use intent-to-treat procedures and random effect regression models to compare changes in the outcome variables between patients who receive asynchronous vs. synchronous teleyoga.

Hypothesis: The investigators predict that asynchronous teleyoga will be non-inferior to synchronous teleyoga in reducing the primary outcome of pain interference, as well as across secondary outcomes

Conditions

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Chronic Pain Yoga

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

The research team will enroll 100 Veterans diagnosed with chronic pain to be randomized 1:1 using permuted block randomization with blocks of varying length to either synchronous teleyoga at VAPORHCS or asynchronous teleyoga via Ompractice. Virtual groups will be composed of 8-10 participants, which will require 5-7 cohorts of each group.

Primary Study Purpose

HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Synchronous Teleyoga

Participants randomized to receive synchronous teleyoga will be provided information so that they can attend VA Portland Health Care System (VAPORHCS) virtual yoga offerings. They will be encouraged to attend one class per week during the 12 weeks between randomization and follow-up assessment. Attendance will be tracked via a signed note in the medical record. Each session will last approximately 30-60 minutes.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Pain-Sensitive Teleyoga Primer

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The 5-session Pain-Sensitive Teleyoga Primer will be delivered synchronously to participants who will practice from their home. The purpose of the 5-session primer is two-fold: (1) it allows trained yoga instructors to determine physical abilities and limitations of patient participants so that pose modifications may be taught and (2) it provides education to participants on pain neuroscience, breathwork, relaxation, mindfulness, and interoception so that they may apply this knowledge to maximize the benefits of whichever yoga condition they are randomized to. Each session will last approximately 75 minutes. Participants will be provided with a supplementary handout to reinforce content from the sessions.

Synchronous Teleyoga

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants randomized to receive synchronous teleyoga will be provided information so that they can attend VAPORHCS virtual yoga offerings. They will be encouraged to attend one class per week during the 12 weeks between randomization and follow-up assessment. Attendance will be tracked via a signed note in the medical record. Each session will last approximately 30-60 minutes.

Asynchronous Teleyoga

Participants randomized to receive asynchronous teleyoga will be provided information so that they can access to the digital library of yoga videos on Ompractice, an existing partner with VA Medical Centers. Ompractice contains a suite of yoga video content, and participants will be encouraged to complete one class per week during the 12 weeks between randomization and follow-up assessment.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Pain-Sensitive Teleyoga Primer

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The 5-session Pain-Sensitive Teleyoga Primer will be delivered synchronously to participants who will practice from their home. The purpose of the 5-session primer is two-fold: (1) it allows trained yoga instructors to determine physical abilities and limitations of patient participants so that pose modifications may be taught and (2) it provides education to participants on pain neuroscience, breathwork, relaxation, mindfulness, and interoception so that they may apply this knowledge to maximize the benefits of whichever yoga condition they are randomized to. Each session will last approximately 75 minutes. Participants will be provided with a supplementary handout to reinforce content from the sessions.

Asynchronous Teleyoga

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Participants randomized to receive asynchronous teleyoga will be provided information so that they can access to the digital library of yoga videos on Ompractice, an existing partner with VA Medical Centers. Ompractice contains a suite of yoga video content, and participants will be encouraged to complete one class per week during the 12 weeks between randomization and follow-up assessment. Attendance will be tracked by Ompractice and shared with VAPORHCS.

Interventions

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Pain-Sensitive Teleyoga Primer

The 5-session Pain-Sensitive Teleyoga Primer will be delivered synchronously to participants who will practice from their home. The purpose of the 5-session primer is two-fold: (1) it allows trained yoga instructors to determine physical abilities and limitations of patient participants so that pose modifications may be taught and (2) it provides education to participants on pain neuroscience, breathwork, relaxation, mindfulness, and interoception so that they may apply this knowledge to maximize the benefits of whichever yoga condition they are randomized to. Each session will last approximately 75 minutes. Participants will be provided with a supplementary handout to reinforce content from the sessions.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Synchronous Teleyoga

Participants randomized to receive synchronous teleyoga will be provided information so that they can attend VAPORHCS virtual yoga offerings. They will be encouraged to attend one class per week during the 12 weeks between randomization and follow-up assessment. Attendance will be tracked via a signed note in the medical record. Each session will last approximately 30-60 minutes.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Asynchronous Teleyoga

Participants randomized to receive asynchronous teleyoga will be provided information so that they can access to the digital library of yoga videos on Ompractice, an existing partner with VA Medical Centers. Ompractice contains a suite of yoga video content, and participants will be encouraged to complete one class per week during the 12 weeks between randomization and follow-up assessment. Attendance will be tracked by Ompractice and shared with VAPORHCS.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* U.S. Veteran enrolled at VAPORHCS and has established care with a VA medical or mental health provider.
* Diagnosed with musculoskeletal pain, confirmed by electronic health record review and phone screening.
* Has an average pain severity of at least 4 in the past 3 months, assessed by items 1-5 of the Brief Pain Inventory, Short Form.
* Aged 18 or over.
* Capable of using video teleconferencing to complete enrollment, assessment, and video interventions.
* Meets physical readiness, assessed by the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) and approved for yoga participation by their primary care team or physical therapy team.
* Able to sit and stand from the floor without assistance
* Able to ambulate community distances without an assistive device
* Intact sensation in lower extremities below the knees

Exclusion Criteria

* Unable to read and write in English.
* Unable to freely give informed consent.
* Recent (past 3 months) psychotic symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, or other psychotic disorder and unrelated to PTSD. Assessed by medical record review and provider team.
* Practicing yoga regularly defined as weekly or biweekly practice of 60 or more minutes for 6 months or more.
* Recent (past 3 months) history of suicidal gesture related to physical pain or active suicidal ideation (plan, intent, means).
* Concurrently enrolled in another research protocol involving a pain focused intervention.
* Upcoming surgery that would impact yoga practice.
* Active alcohol/other substance abuse or dependence (unless actively engaged in treatment). Assessed via the The Tobacco, Alcohol, prescription medication and other Substance use Tool (TAPS). A cutoff of 2 will be used to rule out.
* Joint replacement within the past 12 months.

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No