The Effects of Thoracic Mobilization and Diaphragmatic Breathing on Postural Sway in Archers

NCT ID: NCT06601881

Last Updated: 2024-09-19

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 30 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-10-15
• Study Completion Date: 2025-12-15

Brief Summary

Shooting in archery requires tremendous postural stability to minimize oscillations when the upper body area is under high muscle tension. Postural oscillations depend especially on the alignment of the target and the arrow and the center of gravity being within the base of support. In addition, it has been reported that heart rate changes and breathing patterns affect postural control and therefore performance. Increasing pulse values during shooting negatively affect shooting performance by causing increased postural oscillations and body shaking. The breathing pattern directly affects postural oscillations by affecting the heart rate.It has been reported that the diaphragm has important effects on breathing and trunk control due to its anatomical connections and that the diaphragm movement during breathing is synchronized with the stabilization function. During breathing, the diaphragm descends into the abdominal cavity, causing a positive pressure increase in the intra-abdominal region. Due to this increasing pressure, it expands the abdominal area to the limit allowed by the abdominal muscles and the abdominal wall. Then, with the eccentric contraction of the abdominal muscles, the descent of the diaphragm is blocked at a certain point and the abdominal muscles resist the movement of the diaphragm. In response to this counter-reaction, the diaphragm realizes inspiration by providing a 3-dimensional expansion by opening the lower ribs to the posterolateral. It has been reported that the stabilization effect of the diaphragm is the result of its contraction especially towards these sides, therefore a good level of thoracic mobilization will increase the lateral contraction capacity of the diaphragm. This is ultimately associated with a stronger stabilization effect. On the other hand, impairment of synchronization may result in spinal segments being under excessive stress and reducing stability. Studies in patients and healthy individuals have shown that diaphragmatic breathing contributes to balance by increasing the strength of the diaphragm and deep core muscles. Shooting performance in archery is closely related to the correct breathing pattern and diaphragmatic movement, as it is affected by trunk mobility and postural stability. On the other hand, when we look at the contents of archery training, there are general condition-increasing exercises, special muscle strengthening exercises, methods for developing mental skills and techniques, and methods such as diving and bungee jumping as new training methods. It was observed that exercises were not included in the training programs. The aim of this study is to investigate the scope of postural stability and target stability of thoracic mobilization techniques and diaphragmatic breathing training in order to reveal the stabilization level of the diaphragm at the optimum level in archers.

Conditions

PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING EFFECT

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: OTHER
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Experimental Group- Group I

individuals will do thoracic mobilization exercises and Diaphragmatic Breathing Training

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental

Intervention Type: OTHER

Thoracic mobilization exercises will include:

1. Thoracic Spine Extension exersice

2. Thoracic rotation exersice

3. Cat-Camel Exercise

4. Lateral Flexion of the Thoracic Spine

5. Muscules Psoas Stretching

6. Diaphragm Release Technique

Diaphragmatic Breathing Training will include:

1. Diaphragmatic Breathing

2. Crocodile Breathing Technique

3. Breathing with an exercise band

4. Pursed lip breathing

Control group- Group II

Control Group will do plasebo Diaphragmatic Breathing Training and plaseboThoracic mobilization exercises

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Control (placebo) group

Intervention Type: OTHER

Placebo Thoracic mobilization exercises will include:

1. Placebo Thoracic Spine Extension exersice

2. Placebo Thoracic rotation exersice

3. Placebo Cat-Camel Exercise

4. Placebo Lateral Flexion of the Thoracic Spine

5. Placebo Muscules Psoas Stretching

6. Placebo Diaphragm Release Technique

Placebo Diaphragmatic Breathing Training will include:

1. Placebo Diaphragmatic Breathing

2. Placebo Crocodile Breathing Technique

3. Placebo Breathing with an exercise band

4. Placebo Pursed lip breathing

Interventions

Experimental

Thoracic mobilization exercises will include:

1. Thoracic Spine Extension exersice

2. Thoracic rotation exersice

3. Cat-Camel Exercise

4. Lateral Flexion of the Thoracic Spine

5. Muscules Psoas Stretching

6. Diaphragm Release Technique

Diaphragmatic Breathing Training will include:

1. Diaphragmatic Breathing

2. Crocodile Breathing Technique

3. Breathing with an exercise band

4. Pursed lip breathing

Intervention Type: OTHER

Control (placebo) group

Placebo Thoracic mobilization exercises will include:

1. Placebo Thoracic Spine Extension exersice

2. Placebo Thoracic rotation exersice

3. Placebo Cat-Camel Exercise

4. Placebo Lateral Flexion of the Thoracic Spine

5. Placebo Muscules Psoas Stretching

6. Placebo Diaphragm Release Technique

Placebo Diaphragmatic Breathing Training will include:

1. Placebo Diaphragmatic Breathing

2. Placebo Crocodile Breathing Technique

3. Placebo Breathing with an exercise band

4. Placebo Pursed lip breathing

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Thoracic mobilization exercises and Diaphragmatic Breathing Training

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• healthy
• Individuals over the age of 18
• Individuals have been practicing archery for at least 2 years and
• Individuals have a WA (World Archery Federation) score between 360-570

Exclusion Criteria

• Surgery in the trunk, upper extremities, neck and lower back within the last 1 year,
• Athletes who have sustained injuries to the trunk, upper limbs, lower back and neck in the last 6 months,
• Athletes who have suffered from respiratory system diseases such as pneumonia, acute bronchitis, etc. that may affect respiratory capacity within the last 1 year
• Athletes with chronic respiratory system diseases (asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, etc.) will be excluded from the study.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Kocaeli Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Gamze Aydoğan

Lecturer

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Gamze Aydoğan, MsC, PT

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

PhD student

Nilüfer Kablan, asst. Prof

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

head of physical medicine and rehabilitation department

Yaşar Tatar, Prof. MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Professor at the Faculty of Sports Sciences

Central Contacts

Gamze aydoğan, MsC, PT

Role: CONTACT

gamzefiliz34@hotmail.com

5073525262

Yaşar TATAR, Prof. MD

Role: CONTACT

ytatar@marmara.edu.tr

5323758895

Other Identifiers

09.23.1196

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id