Eco-labels on Restaurant Menus

NCT ID: NCT06584539

Last Updated: 2025-02-21

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

3147 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-09-30

Study Completion Date

2024-10-11

Brief Summary

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The goal of this study is to determine whether eco-labels denoting more sustainable menu items improve the healthfulness of participants' entrée and appetizer selections from a restaurant menu. US adults will complete a restaurant ordering task in which they will select menu items to order from a mock restaurant menu modeled after a popular US sit-down restaurant. Participants will be randomized to a restaurant menu with or without eco-labels denoting more sustainable menu items. The investigators will record participants' selections from the menu. Participants will also answer survey questions.

Detailed Description

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The goal of this study is to determine whether eco-labels denoting more sustainable menu items improve the healthfulness of participants' entrée and appetizer selections. The survey research company Cloud Research will recruit a sample of approximately 3,100 US adults ages 18+ who read and speak English.

Participants will complete a between-subjects online randomized experiment. They will perform a restaurant ordering task in which they will select menu items to order from a mock restaurant menu modeled after a popular US sit-down restaurant. They will be randomized to 1 of 2 conditions: 1) eco-labels or 2) control. In the eco-labels condition, participants will order from a restaurant menu with eco-labels next to more sustainable menu items. In the control condition, participants will order from a restaurant menu without eco-labels. The investigators will record participants' selections from the menu. After completing the ordering task, participants will complete an online survey.

Conditions

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Nutrition Food Selection Food Preferences Dietary Habits Healthy Diet

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Eco-labels

Participants will view a mock restaurant menu based on a popular US sit-down restaurant. They will be instructed to select the item or items they would like to order from the restaurant. The menu will display eco-labels next to more sustainable menu appetizers and entrees (i.e., appetizers and entrees that are in the bottom half of carbon footprints \[i.e., greenhouse gas emissions in CO2-equivalents associated with production of the item\] among appetizers and entrees).

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Eco-Labels

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eco-labels will be displayed next to more sustainable restaurant menu items. The labels will display an earth icon and the words "ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY."

Control

Participants will view a mock restaurant menu based on a popular US sit-down restaurant. They will be instructed to select the item or items they would like to order from the restaurant. The menus will not display eco-labels.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Eco-Labels

Eco-labels will be displayed next to more sustainable restaurant menu items. The labels will display an earth icon and the words "ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY."

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Aged 18 years or older
* Reside in the US
* Can read and speak English

Exclusion Criteria

* Under the age of 18 years
* Reside outside of the United States
* Unable to complete a survey in English
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Harvard Pilgrim Health Care

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Stanford University

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Responsible Party

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Joshua Petimar

Assistant Professor, Population Medicine

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Joshua Petimar, ScD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute

Anna Grummon, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Stanford University

Locations

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Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Grummon AH, Zeitlin AB, Lee CJY, Collis C, Cleveland LP, Musicus AA, Petimar J. Ecolabels and the Healthfulness and Carbon Footprint of Restaurant Meal Selections: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Aug 1;8(8):e2524773. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.24773.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40758354 (View on PubMed)

Provided Documents

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Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Other Identifiers

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2000970

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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