Comparative Study Between Photodynamic Therapy with LED Associated with Probiotics in the Treatment of Halitosis

NCT ID: NCT06583720

Last Updated: 2025-03-30

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE1

Total Enrollment

92 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-11-01

Study Completion Date

2025-12-30

Brief Summary

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Halitosis is a term that defines any odor or bad smell coming from the oral cavity, which can have a local or systemic origin. This project aims to verify if there is a difference in the effectiveness of treatment with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with LED associated with treatment using probiotics in reducing halitosis. 92 participants, aged 18 to 60 years, diagnosed with halitosis, presenting sulfhydride (SH2) ≥ 112 ppb in gas chromatography will be selected. Participants will be randomly divided into 4 groups (n=23), which will receive different treatments: Group 1 (control): brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper; Group 2: brushing, dental floss, tongue scraper and aPDT with blue LED and annatto; Group 3: brushing, dental flossing, tongue scraper and aPDT with blue LED, annatto and probiotic lozenges containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS K12®); Group 4: brushing, dental flossing, tongue scraper and probiotic lozenges containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS K12®). The results of the halimetry will be compared before, immediately after the treatments, thirty days after and sixty days after. The microbiological analysis will be performed by counting the colony forming unit of viable bacteria in the tongue coating at these same times. The microbiome analysis will be performed before, thirty days after and sixty days after the treatments after DNA extraction. All groups will be treated with oral hygiene instructions with a toothbrush, toothpaste and dental floss as well as receiving material for this practice. The normality of the data will be measured by the Shapiro-Wilk test, and in the case of normality the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test will be applied, and in the case of non-parametric data, the Kruskal-Wallis test will be used. The Wilcoxon test will be used to analyze the results of each treatment in the two study periods.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Halitosis

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Control group

Participants in this group will perform brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Oral hygiene at home

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Participant will be taught on how to correctly brush their teeth, use dental floss and scrape their tongues at home.

aPDT group

Participants in this group will receive brushing, dental floss, tongue scraper and aPDT with blue LED and annatto.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Oral hygiene at home

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Participant will be taught on how to correctly brush their teeth, use dental floss and scrape their tongues at home.

aPDT

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

A weekly aPDT session will be performed for a period of 30 days, with the photosensitizer (PS) annatto manipulated at a concentration of 20% (Fórmula e Ação®). 2 ml (quantity measured with a pipette) will be applied to the middle third and dorsum of the tongue for 2 minutes for incubation (pre-irradiation time). The excess will be removed with a suction device in order to keep the surface moist with the PS itself. Six points will be irradiated with a distance of 1 cm between them, considering the light scattering halo; the LED will be positioned at a distance from the tongue so as to form a 2 cm halo at each point. The device will be previously calibrated with a wavelength of 395-480 nm, for 20 seconds per point, energy of 9.6 J.

aPDT and Probiotics group

Participants in this group will receive brushing, dental floss, lingual scraper and aPDT with blue LED, annatto and probiotic lozenges containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS K12®).

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Oral hygiene at home

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Participant will be taught on how to correctly brush their teeth, use dental floss and scrape their tongues at home.

aPDT

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

A weekly aPDT session will be performed for a period of 30 days, with the photosensitizer (PS) annatto manipulated at a concentration of 20% (Fórmula e Ação®). 2 ml (quantity measured with a pipette) will be applied to the middle third and dorsum of the tongue for 2 minutes for incubation (pre-irradiation time). The excess will be removed with a suction device in order to keep the surface moist with the PS itself. Six points will be irradiated with a distance of 1 cm between them, considering the light scattering halo; the LED will be positioned at a distance from the tongue so as to form a 2 cm halo at each point. The device will be previously calibrated with a wavelength of 395-480 nm, for 20 seconds per point, energy of 9.6 J.

Probiotics

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Probiotic lozenges containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS K12®) (OralBiotic; Master Products, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States) will be used. Each patient will receive 60 lozenges, which should be allowed to dissolve slowly and completely in the mouth. Patients are instructed to use the lozenges twice a day for a period of 30 days.

Probiotics group

Participants in this group will receive brushing, dental floss, lingual scraper and probiotic lozenges containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS K12®).

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Oral hygiene at home

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Participant will be taught on how to correctly brush their teeth, use dental floss and scrape their tongues at home.

Probiotics

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Probiotic lozenges containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS K12®) (OralBiotic; Master Products, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States) will be used. Each patient will receive 60 lozenges, which should be allowed to dissolve slowly and completely in the mouth. Patients are instructed to use the lozenges twice a day for a period of 30 days.

Interventions

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Oral hygiene at home

Participant will be taught on how to correctly brush their teeth, use dental floss and scrape their tongues at home.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

aPDT

A weekly aPDT session will be performed for a period of 30 days, with the photosensitizer (PS) annatto manipulated at a concentration of 20% (Fórmula e Ação®). 2 ml (quantity measured with a pipette) will be applied to the middle third and dorsum of the tongue for 2 minutes for incubation (pre-irradiation time). The excess will be removed with a suction device in order to keep the surface moist with the PS itself. Six points will be irradiated with a distance of 1 cm between them, considering the light scattering halo; the LED will be positioned at a distance from the tongue so as to form a 2 cm halo at each point. The device will be previously calibrated with a wavelength of 395-480 nm, for 20 seconds per point, energy of 9.6 J.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Probiotics

Probiotic lozenges containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS K12®) (OralBiotic; Master Products, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States) will be used. Each patient will receive 60 lozenges, which should be allowed to dissolve slowly and completely in the mouth. Patients are instructed to use the lozenges twice a day for a period of 30 days.

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Diagnosis of halitosis showing sulfhydride (SH2) ≥ 112 ppb in gas chromatography.

Exclusion Criteria

* Individuals with dentofacial anomalies (such as cleft lip, cleft palate and nasopalatine);
* Undergoing orthodontic and/or orthopedic treatment;
* Undergoing oncological treatment;
* With systemic alterations (gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic)
* Undergoing antibiotic treatment up to 1 month before the research;
* Pregnant women.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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University of Nove de Julho

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Sandra Kalil Bussadori

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Nove de Julho University

São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Brazil

Central Contacts

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Sandra K Bussadori

Role: CONTACT

+55 11 2633-9000

Facility Contacts

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Sandra K Bussadori, PhD

Role: primary

+55 11 2633-9000

References

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Mandetta ARH, Gallo JMAS, Ribeiro CDPV, Goncalves MLL, Sobral APT, Motta LJ, Horliana ACRT, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Rodriguez VS, Prates RA, Duran CCG, Fernandes KPS, Bussadori SK. Comparative study of photodynamic therapy with LED and probiotics in the treatment of halitosis: protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial. BMJ Open. 2025 Apr 25;15(4):e095544. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095544.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40280606 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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HaliFAPESP

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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