Effect of Two Preventive Exercise Programs for Swimmer's Shoulder on the Torque of Shoulder Rotator Muscles in Competitive Swimmers

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

30 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-09-01

Study Completion Date

2023-04-30

Brief Summary

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The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of two 12-week preventive exercise programs for swimmer's shoulder with monitoring and progression over time, on the peak torque and respective conventional concentric ratio and functional ratio. One of these programs was performed with weights and the other with an elastic band. This study hypothesized that the two preventive exercise programs minimize shoulder rotators imbalanced during the swimming season. The study design is a care provider and participants blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Shoulder Pain Injury;Sports Sports Physical Therapy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Care provider and participants blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Caregivers

The physiotherapist who carried out the swimmer's interventions was external to the study. The participants were unaware of the existence of other sample groups.

Study Groups

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Weight program group

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

12-weeks weight prevention program

Intervention Type OTHER

Twice a week, over 12-weeks, the weight program group carried out a strength program with the 5 open kinetic chain exercises most often reported in the literature to prevent swimmer's shoulder - internal rotation at 90°, external rotation at 90°, scapular punches, T's, and Y's - with two weights Domyos with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 kg.The load used to perform the programs with weights were previously assessed and adjusted for each swimmer, corresponding to 75% of one repetition maximum. After 6 weeks of program execution, each swimmer carried out another one repetition maximum test assessment, to verify the possibility of a load instrument progression.

Elastic band program group

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

12-weeks elastic band prevention program

Intervention Type OTHER

Twice a week, over 12-weeks, the elastic band program group carried out a strength program with the 5 open kinetic chain exercises most often reported in the literature to prevent swimmer's shoulder - internal rotation at 90°, external rotation at 90°, scapular punches, T's, and Y's - with an elastic band Bodytone Power Band with 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 kg weights Domyos.The load used to perform the programs with weights were previously assessed and adjusted for each swimmer, corresponding to 75% of one repetition maximum. After 6 weeks of program execution, each swimmer carried out another one repetition maximum test assessment, to verify the possibility of a load instrument progression.

Control

Group Type SHAM_COMPARATOR

sham intervention

Intervention Type OTHER

The control group performed a sham intervention, twice a week, for 12-weeks. This intervention consisted of 2 sets of 10 repetitions of 5 shoulder mobility exercises, without preventive aim, normally carried out in warm-up before training: shoulder maximum flexion and extension, horizontal abduction and adduction starting from 90º of shoulder abduction, maximum internal/external rotation starting from 90º of shoulder abduction, circumduction of the shoulder in a clockwise direction and circumduction of the shoulder in a counterclockwise direction. There was no progression after 6-weeks of this sham intervention. The coach of the respective team checked the execution of the exercises, but there was no individualized monitoring with a regular exercise technique correction by a physiotherapist.

Interventions

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12-weeks weight prevention program

Twice a week, over 12-weeks, the weight program group carried out a strength program with the 5 open kinetic chain exercises most often reported in the literature to prevent swimmer's shoulder - internal rotation at 90°, external rotation at 90°, scapular punches, T's, and Y's - with two weights Domyos with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 kg.The load used to perform the programs with weights were previously assessed and adjusted for each swimmer, corresponding to 75% of one repetition maximum. After 6 weeks of program execution, each swimmer carried out another one repetition maximum test assessment, to verify the possibility of a load instrument progression.

Intervention Type OTHER

12-weeks elastic band prevention program

Twice a week, over 12-weeks, the elastic band program group carried out a strength program with the 5 open kinetic chain exercises most often reported in the literature to prevent swimmer's shoulder - internal rotation at 90°, external rotation at 90°, scapular punches, T's, and Y's - with an elastic band Bodytone Power Band with 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 kg weights Domyos.The load used to perform the programs with weights were previously assessed and adjusted for each swimmer, corresponding to 75% of one repetition maximum. After 6 weeks of program execution, each swimmer carried out another one repetition maximum test assessment, to verify the possibility of a load instrument progression.

Intervention Type OTHER

sham intervention

The control group performed a sham intervention, twice a week, for 12-weeks. This intervention consisted of 2 sets of 10 repetitions of 5 shoulder mobility exercises, without preventive aim, normally carried out in warm-up before training: shoulder maximum flexion and extension, horizontal abduction and adduction starting from 90º of shoulder abduction, maximum internal/external rotation starting from 90º of shoulder abduction, circumduction of the shoulder in a clockwise direction and circumduction of the shoulder in a counterclockwise direction. There was no progression after 6-weeks of this sham intervention. The coach of the respective team checked the execution of the exercises, but there was no individualized monitoring with a regular exercise technique correction by a physiotherapist.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Competitve swimmer in the current season.
* Aged between 16-35 years old.
* Have a minimum of 5 years of experience in national competitions.
* Performed a minimum of 8 hours of weekly swimming training.

Exclusion Criteria

* Subjects who had performed at least 6 weeks of treatment such as physical therapy, injections, and medication.
* Clinical situations such as a history of significant shoulder pain in the last 6 months, a history of traumatic shoulder injuries such as fractures, subluxations, cervical or thoracic conditions, previous shoulder surgeries, shoulder range of motion deficits, or neurological injuries.

Minimum Eligible Age

16 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

35 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes