OCT and OCT-Angiography Biomarkers of Treatment Response to Dexamethasone Implant in Macular Edema Due to Retinal Vascular Diseases - DME and RVO

NCT ID: NCT06332690

Last Updated: 2024-03-27

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Total Enrollment: 50 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-10-17
• Study Completion Date: 2025-12-31

Brief Summary

The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate different imaging parameters in patients with previously treatment-naive DME and ME due to RVO before and after treatment with dexamethasone implant, in order to find specific retinal inflammatory and microvascular biomarkers that may be predictive of treatment outcome.

Detailed Description

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) are complex multifactorial diseases and the leading causes of visual impairment worldwide. The exact mechanisms leading to Macular Edema (ME) in DR and RVO are not fully understood, actual evidence focuses on the role of inflammation as critical contributing factor in ME pathogenesis and several studies described the association between high levels of systemic and local inflammatory molecules and the development of ME. Even if vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most studied factor involved in ME pathogenesis in retinal vascular diseases and the main target of available therapeutic strategies, its role cannot explain alone all the events taking place in the onset and progression of these diseases. VEGF selective inhibition is not sufficient to stop the inflammatory cascade in DR and RVO and anti-VEGF therapies are frequently of transient benefit, especially in DME treatment, needing repeated injections over time and suggesting the involvement of other molecular pathways. Intravitreal corticosteroids block the production of inflammatory mediators (including VEGF) and inhibit leukostasis. In particular, dexamethasone has the highest relative clinical efficacy of any corticosteroid applied to ophthalmology practice. Intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Dex) slowly releases steroids into the vitreous over a period of up to 6 months. Dex 0.7 mg (Ozurdex™; Allergan, Irvine, CA, USA) has been used to reduce ME in patients with DR and RVO and its efficacy in terms of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement and central macular thickness (CMT) reduction has been demonstrated in many different studies. Thanks to the great advances in retinal imaging technologies of the last years, a new concept of non-invasive "imaging biomarker" of retinal inflammation has emerged and has made its way in the study of patients with DR and RVO. Clinical research has consequently developed great interest in finding specific retinal inflammatory parameters in DR and RVO and there is a growing body of scientific evidence on the importance of this topic. Moreover, the evaluation of these inflammatory biomarkers might be helpful in the prediction of treatment response. Nowadays, main proposed imaging biomarkers of inflammation include subfoveal neuroretinal detachment (SND) and hyperreflective retinal spots (HRS), visible on optical coherence tomography (OCT). SND consists in extracellular fluid accumulation between the outer segments of photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium and is present in approximately 15-30% of eyes with DME and in an even greater number of patients with ME secondary to RVO. The presence of SND has been associated with higher levels of local inflammatory molecules, in particular IL-6. HRS are increased in number in patients with diabetes (with or without DR) and RVO; they have specific characteristics and are thought to represent aggregates of activated microglial cells that progressively migrate from the inner to the outer retina, confirming their role as inflammatory biomarkers. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate different imaging parameters in patients with previously treatment-naive DME and ME due to RVO before and after treatment with dexamethasone implant, in order to find specific retinal inflammatory and microvascular biomarkers that may be predictive of treatment outcome. The novelty of this study is a detailed evaluation of multimodal imaging modifications in DME and ME due to RVO after treatment with Dex in order to document its anti-inflammatory effect.

Conditions

Diabetic Macular Edema; Macular Edema Due to Diabetes Mellitus; Retinal Vein Occlusion

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: COHORT
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Interventions

dexamethasone implant

Intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Dex) slowly releases steroids into the vitreous over a period of up to 6 months. Dex 0.7 mg (Ozurdex™; Allergan, Irvine, CA, USA) has been used to reduce ME in patients with DR and RVO and its efficacy in terms of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement and central macular thickness (CMT) reduction has been demonstrated in many different studies.

Intervention Type: DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• previously untreated centre-involving DME or ME secondary to RVO with CMT ≥ 300 μm;
• pseudophakic eyes or eyes with a transparent lens or only initial sclerosis of the lens, in order to obtain good quality retinal imaging
• patient agreement to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

• any retinal disease other than DR or RVO;

• a positive history of retinal surgery and/or any other macular/retinal treatment (laser, intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF and/or steroids);
• cataract surgery within 6 months in the study eye;
• refractive error > +/- 4D;
• Advanced glaucoma
• neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, etc.)
• poor quality of OCT and/or OCT-A images due to significant media opacity or poor patient cooperation.
• Ocular or periocular infections (including most viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva, including active epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, mycobacterial infections, and fungal diseases
• Non-intact posterior lens capsule
• Hypersensitivity to any component of the product

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

AbbVie

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role: collaborator

IRCCS Multimedica

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Stela Vujosevic, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

MultiMedica - IRCCS MultiMedica

Locations

MultiMedica IRCCS Multimedica

Milan, , Italy

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

Italy

Central Contacts

Stela Vujosevic, MD

Role: CONTACT

stela.vujosevic@multimedica.it

+30 02 85 99 4601

Gabriele Piccoli

Role: CONTACT

gabriele.piccoli@multimedica.it

+30 02 85 99 4601

Facility Contacts

Stela Vujosevic, MD

Role: primary

stela.vujosevic@multimedica.it

+39 02 85 99 4601

GAbriele Piccoli

Role: backup

gabriele.piccoli@multimedica.it

+39 02 85 99 4601

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Other Identifiers

514.2021

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id