Daily Vinegar Ingestion and 24-Hour Blood Glucose Control

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

10 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-03-26

Study Completion Date

2025-07-15

Brief Summary

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When linking dietary interventions and blood glucose management, much of the existing research - particularly studies exploring the effects of vinegar - has relied on discrete readings from the conventional testing methods: blood samples or glucometers. These methods lack the capacity to provide insights into blood glucose dynamics 24/7.

Recognizing this gap, the current study aims to utilize continuous glucose monitoring to examine the impact of daily vinegar ingestion on glucose variability in adults identified as glucose intolerant.

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Detailed Description

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Participants are randomly assigned to either Group A or Group B using the Microsoft Excel randomization function. Group A will be instructed to consume 4 tablespoons of red wine vinegar (2 tablespoons diluted in water at the start of the lunch and the dinner meals) for the first 4 days of the trial. Conversely, participants in Group B will ingest the placebo for the initial 4 days, ingesting one pill daily upon waking in the morning. On days 5-9, participants will switch to the opposite treatment. The red wine vinegar dosage (4 tablespoons containing 3.5 g acetic acid - this is the amount of acetic acid in a large 4-inch dill pickle), and the placebo vinegar pill dosage (one pill containing 0.022 g acetic acid) will be taken daily during the trial. On visit 1, anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and body composition (lean fat mass and body fat mass), will be measured, and the continuous glucose monitor will be placed on the upper arm. The participants will be instructed to fast \>8 hours (no food or beverages with the exception of water) ahead of visit 1. To ensure accurate use and data collection, researchers discussed the operation of CGM devices and that these waterproof devices are to be continuously worn during the entire 9-day trial and will be removed on day 9 (visit 2).

Conditions

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Glucose Intolerance

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

This is a 9-day trial. Participants will be fitted with a continuous glucose monitor and follow their typical diet and activity patterns. Participants will be randomized to ingest 2 tablespoons of vinegar twice daily (diluted in water) or a vinegar pill for the first 4 days on the trial. On day 5 of the trial participants will consume the alternate treatment for trial days 5-8. Dietary intake will be recorded daily using a fitness app. Physical activity will be assessed at baseline and on study day 4 and 8. On day 9, participants will return to the test site for device removal.

Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Liquid and pill vinegar will be the treatments. The pill is the 'control' as the level of acetic acid is below the amount needed for an antiglycemic effect (a fact not realized by the participant).

Study Groups

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Liquid vinegar

Liquid vinegar (6% acidity) consumed at a dosage of 2 tablespoons (diluted in water and consumed at mealtime) twice daily (4 tablespoons total per day).

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Liquid vinegar

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

3.5 g acetic acid

Vinegar pill

One pill consumed daily in the morning.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

vinegar pill

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

0.022 g acetic acid

Interventions

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Liquid vinegar

3.5 g acetic acid

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

vinegar pill

0.022 g acetic acid

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* glucose intolerance (defined as one of the following: fasting glucose \>99 mg/dl; diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes; history of gestational diabetes)
* 18 years of age or older
* sedentary or moderately active (defined as a score ≤ 24 on the Godin-Shepard Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire)

Exclusion Criteria

* currently adhering to a non-typical diet that would impact carbohydrate intake (including weight loss diets)
* medication/drug use that has not been consistent for the previous 3 months or will be discontinued during the trial
* any acute illness
* regular smokers, pregnant or lactating women, or individuals taking insulin
* Unwilling to tolerate vinegar ingestion

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes