Post-Concussion Differences Between Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test (BCTT) and Modified Dynamic Exertion (mEXiT) Test
NCT ID: NCT06276660
Last Updated: 2026-02-17
Study Results
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Basic Information
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ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
NA
60 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2024-03-05
2026-09-30
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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This study will help determine if there is a difference in type of symptom response between the two tests, due to the dynamic changes of direction and strain on the vestibular system with the m-EXiT group. The investigators hypothesize there will not be a significant difference between the two groups in time to clearance to return to sport despite allowing for higher symptoms earlier on in recovery.
High school athletes who have been diagnosed with a sport-related concussion will be randomly assigned to complete either the BCTT or the modified dynamic EXiT test (m-EXiT). The BCTT group will follow the established protocol and exercise to an increase of 2/10 symptoms on a visual analog scale (VAS) or 17/20 on rate of perceived effort (RPE) scale. The m-EXiT test will complete a shortened version of the dynamic EXiT test, but will stop if participants have an increase of greater than 4 points of headache, dizziness or nausea or RPE of 17/20. Symptoms, heart rate, and RPE will be measured through out both tests as well as Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS), Vestibular Ocular Motors Screening (VOMS), blood pressure and heart rate will be administered before and after testing. The time (in days) to recovery, will also be recorded from the medical record to determine if there is a difference between the two groups.
The primary outcome for the study will be symptoms post test and heart rate. Secondary measures include: Post Concussion Symptom Score (PCSS), Clinical Profiles Screening (CP-Screen), Vestibular Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder - 7 (GAD-7) and blood pressure. These will be collected at one visit with participants, there are no follow-up or subsequent visits for this study.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
NONE
Study Groups
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Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test (BCTT)
Participants in this group will complete the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test (BCTT). This involves individuals walking at 5.8 km/hr. (3.6 mph) at a 0.0% incline (5.1 km/hr. \[3.2 mph\] if below 5' 10" tall), the treadmill incline is increased 1 degree each minute for the first 15 minutes, then speed increased 0.64 km/hr. (0.4 mph) each minute thereafter.
BCTT
Participants will complete the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test, which involves individuals walking at 5.8 km/hr. (3.6 mph) at a 0.0% incline (5.1 km/hr. \[3.2 mph\] if below 5' 10" tall), the treadmill incline is increased 1 degree each minute for the first 15 minutes, then speed increased 0.64 km/hr. (0.4 mph) each minute thereafter.
Modified EXiT Test (mEXiT)
Participants in this group will complete the modified EXiT test (mEXiT). Participants will complete a 12 minute treadmill interval program followed by a dynamic circuit (10 squat jumps, 10 side to side push ups and 10 medicine ball rotations), jump ball toss, zig zag agility and arrow agility. Parameters will be recorded the same as the established dynamic EXiT test; heart rate and RPE will be recorded at 0, 2, 6:30 and 12 minutes of the treadmill program as well as after the second trial of each activity. The time to complete two trials of the zig zag agility and arrow agility will also be recorded.
Dynamic ExIT
The modified EXiT test will complete a 12 minute treadmill interval program followed by a dynamic circuit (10 squat jumps, 10 side to side push ups and 10 medicine ball rotations), jump ball toss, zig zag agility and arrow agility. Parameters will be recorded the same as the established dynamic EXiT test; heart rate and RPE will be recorded at 0, 2, 6:30 and 12 minutes of the treadmill program as well as after the second trial of each activity. The time to complete two trials of the zig zag agility and arrow agility will also be recorded.
Interventions
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BCTT
Participants will complete the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test, which involves individuals walking at 5.8 km/hr. (3.6 mph) at a 0.0% incline (5.1 km/hr. \[3.2 mph\] if below 5' 10" tall), the treadmill incline is increased 1 degree each minute for the first 15 minutes, then speed increased 0.64 km/hr. (0.4 mph) each minute thereafter.
Dynamic ExIT
The modified EXiT test will complete a 12 minute treadmill interval program followed by a dynamic circuit (10 squat jumps, 10 side to side push ups and 10 medicine ball rotations), jump ball toss, zig zag agility and arrow agility. Parameters will be recorded the same as the established dynamic EXiT test; heart rate and RPE will be recorded at 0, 2, 6:30 and 12 minutes of the treadmill program as well as after the second trial of each activity. The time to complete two trials of the zig zag agility and arrow agility will also be recorded.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Participants referred to exertion therapy after a trained clinician from University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Sports Medicine Concussion Program has interpreted neurocognitive, vestibular, and clinical interview outcomes and determined the participant is capable of completing structured exercise.
Exclusion Criteria
* More than 2 previous concussions (excluding current injury)
* History of brain surgery or traumatic brain injury (TBI) (based on Glasgow Coma Scale of \<13)
* History of neurological disorder (seizure disorder, epilepsy, brain tumors or malformations)
* Current history of pre-existing vestibular disorder or oculomotor condition
* Currently taking antidepressant, anticoagulant, beta-blocker, or anticonvulsant prescription medications
* Incapable of treadmill running up to 5.5 miles per hour (mph) and 4.5 mph for males and females respectively (self-reported).
* Diagnosed with a cardiac, peripheral, or cerebrovascular disease (type 1 or 2 diabetes, or renal disease.
* Experienced chest pain or shortness of breath while at rest or with mild exertion.
* Lose balance because of dizziness or have lost consciousness (aside from concussion) from exertion
* Currently have (or have had within the past 12 months) a bone, joint, or soft tissue (muscle, ligament, or tendon) problem that could be made worse by physical activity
* Been told by a doctor to only conduct physical activity under medical supervision.
14 Years
17 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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University of Pittsburgh
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Anthony P. Kontos, Ph.D.
Professor, Research Director University of Pittsburgh Concussion Lab
Principal Investigators
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Anthony P Kontos, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Pittsburgh
Locations
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UPMC/Univ of Pgh Sports Medicine Concussion Research Program
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Countries
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Other Identifiers
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STUDY23070079
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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