Assisted Fluid Management (AFM) System and Postoperative Outcome After High-risk Abdominal Surgery

NCT ID: NCT06011187

Last Updated: 2025-09-08

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 2000 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-02-01
• Study Completion Date: 2026-12-30

Brief Summary

Goal directed fluid therapy (GDFT) or "Personalized fluid therapy" may benefit high-risk surgical patients but these strategies are infrequently implemented. It has also been shown that without any goal or protocol for fluid resuscitation, large inter- and intra-provider variability exist that have been correlated with poor patient outcomes.

Recently, an "Assisted Fluid Management" (AFM) system has been developed to help ease some of the work associated with GDFT protocol implementation. The AFM system may help increase GDFT protocol adherence while leaving direction and guidance in the hands of the care providers. This artificial intelligence-based system can suggest administration of fluid boluses, analyse the hemodynamic effects of the bolus, and continually re-assess the patient for further fluid requirements.

To date, there are no large outcome study using this AFM system. The primary objective of this trial is thus to evaluate the impact of this AFM system to guide fluid bolus administration on a composite of major postoperative complications in high-risk patients undergoing high-risk abdominal surgery.

Detailed Description

Many trials have indicated that goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) strategies or more recently "personalized fluid therapy" may benefit high-risk surgical patients but these strategies are infrequently implemented. It has also been shown that without any goal or protocol for fluid resuscitation, large inter- and intra-provider variability exist that have been correlated with poor patient outcomes. Even under ideal study conditions, strict adherence to GDFT protocols is hampered by the workload and concentration required for consistent implementation. Hemodynamic monitors and protocols alone do not enable optimal fluid titration to be provided consistently to all patients - there must also be appropriate and timely interpretation and intervention.

To address this problem of consistency and protocol adherence, a decision support system, "Assisted Fluid Management" (AFM), has been developed to help ease some of the work associated with GDFT protocol implementation. The AFM system (released on the European market in March 2017) may help increase GDFT protocol adherence while leaving direction and guidance in the hands of the care providers. This artificial intelligence-based system can suggest administration of fluid boluses, analyse the hemodynamic effects of the bolus, and continually re-assess the patient for further fluid requirements.

This system was recently implemented in a before-and-after study in a Belgian academic hospital, where the authors reported that the implementation of this AFM software system allowed a better adherence to the GDFT algorithm. However, as this was a pilot study with a small number of patients, the study was not powered to demonstrate a beneficial effect on the incidence of postoperative complications. More recently, a group from the Cleveland Clinic demonstrated that using AFM system resulted in more boluses being effective when compared to the administration of boluses without AFM support.

There are no randomized controlled studies to date comparing this AFM system to standard of care on patient outcome. We therefore aim to conduct a multicenter stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial involving patients undergoing high risk abdominal surgery to compare a GDFT strategy guided by the AFM system with usual care.

A stepped wedge, cluster-randomized trial approach was chosen in which clusters will be randomized to commence the intervention at different times following an initial control period in which outcomes will be measured for usual care.

So, each center (cluster) began in the control phase and transitioned to the intervention phase at a randomly assigned time (wedge). The order in which each center will move from control to intervention phase will be randomly allocated by a computer algorithm performed by the study statistician.

We selected cluster randomization rather than randomization of individual patients because the control group could be very different among centers (from GDFT strategy using a flow monitoring to GDFT with a written protocol to no clear strategy (use of an arterial line only without any advanced monitoring). Interestingly, this approach also decreases the Hawthorne effect which has been shown to decrease the incidence rate of the primary outcome in recent randomized trials because clinicians know that their patients are included in a research protocol.

Conditions

Decision Support System; Outcome

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Routine care

During the pre-implementation period, fluid therapy will be done as routine care.

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) will be maintained between 65-70 mmHg per standard of care

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Routine care

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Fluid administration will be given per routine care MAP between 65 - 70 mmHg

Assisted fluid management system

In the post-implementation period, fluid bolus administration will be guided by the AFM recommandation.

MAP will be maintained between 65-70 mmHg per standard of care

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

AFM

Intervention Type: DEVICE

AFM will recommand fluid bolus administration and MAP will be maintained between 65 and 70 mmHg

Interventions

Routine care

Fluid administration will be given per routine care MAP between 65 - 70 mmHg

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

AFM

AFM will recommand fluid bolus administration and MAP will be maintained between 65 and 70 mmHg

Intervention Type: DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Any adult patient (aged 18 years or older) admitted to the operating room for an elective high-risk abdominal surgery (both open and laparoscopically assisted).
• Patients must fulfill at least one of the following high-risk criteria:
• American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status > 2
• classification exercise tolerance < 4 metabolic equivalents as defined by the guidelines of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association
• renal impairment (serum creatinine ≥1.3mg/dL or >115 mmol/l or estimated glomerular filtration rate < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 within the last 6 months) or renal replacement therapy
• coronary artery disease (any stage)
• chronic heart failure (New York Heart Association Functional Classifcation ≥ II)
• valvular heart disease (moderate or severe);
• history of stroke
• peripheral arterial occlusive disease (any stage)
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (any stage) or pulmonary fibrosis (any stage)
• diabetes mellitus requiring oral hypoglycemic agent or insulin; immunodeficiency due to a disease (e.g., HIV, leukemia, multiple myeloma, solid organ cancer) or therapy (e.g., immunosuppressants, chemotherapy, radiation, steroids)
• liver cirrhosis (any Child-Pugh class)

-- body mass index ≥30 kg/m2

• current smoking or 15 pack-year history of smoking
• All participants must receive clear study information and give signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients with preoperative cardiac arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation) as the monitoring devices are not accurate under cardiac arrhythmias.
• No affiliation with the French health care system
• Patients participating in another randomized controlled trial with the same clinical endpoint, or interventions possibly compromising the primary outcome.
• Pregnant patients
• Patient on AME (state medical aid) (unless exemption from affiliation)
• Patients guardianship/legal protection/curatorship

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

ALEXANDRE JOOSTEN, MD PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

PAUL BROUSSE HOSPITAL

Locations

University of California IRVINE

Irvine, California, United States

Site Status: RECRUITING

University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status: RECRUITING

UZ Brussels

Brussels, Brussels Capital, Belgium

Site Status: RECRUITING

CHUM Montreal

Montreal, Montreal, Canada

Site Status: RECRUITING

Chu Dijon

Dijon, Dijon, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

ALEXANDRE JOOSTEN, MD PhD

Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

Chu Grenoble Alpes

Grenoble, Grenoble, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

Centre chirurgical Marie Lannelongue

Le Plessis-Robinson, Haut de Seine, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

BICETRE

Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

BEAUJON

Paris, Paris, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

HEGP

Paris, PARIS, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

Insititut Mutualiste Montsouris

Paris, Paris, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

La Pitie Salpetriere

Paris, PARIS, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

Chu Toulouse

Toulouse, Toulouse, France

Site Status: RECRUITING

Chu Lille

Lille, , France

Site Status: RECRUITING

Centre hospitalier universitaire de NANCY

Nancy, , France

Site Status: RECRUITING

University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf

Hamburg, City state of Hamburg, Germany

Site Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Countries

United States; Belgium; Canada; France; Germany

Central Contacts

ALEXANDRE JOOSTEN, MD PhD

Role: CONTACT

joosten-alexandre@hotmail.com

+33145213441

Jacques DURANTEAU, MD PhD

Role: CONTACT

jacques.duranteau@aphp.fr

+33145213441

Facility Contacts

Pierre grefoire GUINOT, MD PhD

Role: primary

Alexandre SITBON, MD

Role: primary

References

Coeckelenbergh S, Delaporte A, Rousseleau D, De Montblanc J, Roullet S, Ramadan J, Cholley B, Sitbon A, Weiss E, Kassab MC, Diop S, Manzi E, Pustetto M, Porta Bonette G, Guinot PG, Guerci P, Vanhonacker D, Carrier FM, Alexander B, Rinehart J, Boldt D, Grogan T, Cannesson M, Duranteau J, Grimaldi L, Pereira B, Joosten A. Investigating the effectiveness of an intraoperative decision support guided fluid therapy intervention on postoperative outcome of high-risk patients undergoing high-risk abdominal surgery: protocol for an international multicentre stepped-wedge cluster-randomised implementation trial. BJA Open. 2025 Jun 5;14:100421. doi: 10.1016/j.bjao.2025.100421. eCollection 2025 Jun.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 40529718 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

APHP220817

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id