Effects of Focal Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders of Muscular Origin

NCT ID: NCT05907239

Last Updated: 2023-07-03

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

100 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2023-04-20

Study Completion Date

2026-07-20

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in improving pain in patients with TMD pain after 5 weeks of treatment, 1 month and 3 months after the end of treatment. As secondary objectives, we plan to evaluate the effectiveness of focal shockwave therapy in relation to:

1. Range of motion (ROM) of the temporomandibular joint using goniometry after 5 weeks of treatment;
2. Degree of inflammation, using ultrasound evaluation in the temporomandibular joint relating to the degree of pain after focal shockwave therapy for 5 weeks;
3. Jaw movement (MM), joint noise (RA), joint pressure (PA) and disability index (DI) will be measured at each treatment session and after 5 weeks of treatment, 1 month and 3 months after the end of treatment in the affected joints;
4. Quality of life will be assessed using the "Short Form Health 36" questionnaire (SF-36) during the 5 weeks of treatment, 1 month and 3 months after the end of treatment;
5. Pain control medication will also be considered and compared before and after the proposed treatment for 5 weeks.

Safety will be assessed throughout the study by monitoring the incidence of study-related adverse events. All patients will be contacted periodically and encouraged to report any side effects.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are clinical conditions that affect the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures. Focal extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) can be used for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders with good results in the literature and with the potential to treat muscular TMDs.

Objective: The aim of the study is to perform a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effects of focal shock wave therapy in the treatment of pain due to temporomandibular disorders of muscular origin in adults after 5 weeks of treatment, 1 and 3 months after the end of treatment.

Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial will be carried out with 50 patients in the control group and 50 patients in the intervention group. Patients will be prospectively selected at the Orofacial Pain Outpatient Clinic of the Division of Dentistry, Instituto Central, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (IC-HCFMUSP) and will be referred to the Acupuncture Center of the Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology of HCFMUSP (IOT-HCFMUSP). The control group will initially undergo treatment with guidelines for muscular temporomandibular disorders and treatment by shockwave therapy with a "placebo" applicator for 5 weeks, while the intervention group will undergo the same guidelines and treatment by shockwave therapy. focal point on the masticatory muscles during 5 sessions, once a week (totaling 5 weeks). After the initial treatment period, the groups will be evaluated and compared in terms of improvement in pain and quality of life, in addition to follow-up after 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the procedure.

Expected results: After the standardized treatment period of 1 weekly session in 5 consecutive weeks (totalizing 5 sessions), it is expected that there will be an improvement in the pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and in the quality of life of patients with muscular TMDs. As there is a stimulus for differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, neovascularization and release of angiogenic factors to occur, the effect of ESWT is expected to be lasting throughout the reassessments at 1 and 3 months.

Keywords: Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy, Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome, High-Energy Shock Waves, Pain Management

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial will be carried out with 50 patients in the control group and 50 patients in the intervention group. Patients will be prospectively selected at the Orofacial Pain Outpatient Clinic of the Division of Dentistry of HCFMUSP and will be referred to the Acupuncture Center of the Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology of HCFMUSP. The control group will initially undergo treatment with guidelines for muscular temporomandibular disorders and treatment by shockwave therapy with a "placebo" applicator for 5 weeks, while the intervention group will undergo the same guidelines and treatment by shockwave therapy. focal point on the masticatory muscles during 5 sessions, once a week (totaling 5 weeks). Groups will be evaluated and compared in terms of improvement in pain and quality of life, in addition to follow-up after 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the procedure.
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Outcome Assessors
One of the researchers will keep the randomization codes out of the patients' sight. Other medical researchers, separately, will apply the shockwaves and the placebo in a non-blinded manner. One researcher will assess the outcome measures, and will be blinded to the allocation of patients into groups throughout the study.

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Treatment group

Treatment group will undergo treatment with focal shock wave therapy for 5 weeks, with weekly sessions and guidance by a trained physiotherapist on habits, stretching and exercises for adequate strengthening and ergonomic guidelines to promote a better quality of life

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Focused Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy

Intervention Type DEVICE

We will apply 2000 focal shock wave impulses starting in each region of the affected masticatory muscles and looking for compromised muscles in the masticatory muscles such as: masseter, temporal, pterygoid (medial and lateral and digastric through a piezoelectric generator F7, G3 with a focus of 1.5cm in depth, frequency of 8Hz and intensity of 0.048mJ/mm² as long as it is tolerable to the patient (it can be reduced to a tolerable intensity of at least 0.018mJ/mm²) starting with a density of energy flow between 0.12 to 0.15 mJ/mm2, starting from an adaptation dose of 0.10 mJ/mm2 in the first 500 impulses. The non-stationary technique will be used, slowly moving the applicator. Shockwave therapy will be weekly, totaling five consecutive weeks.

Placebo

Patients in the placebo group will undergo treatment with placebo focal shockwave therapy (using a dummy applicator) for 5 weeks and guidance by a trained physiotherapist on habits, stretching and exercises for adequate strengthening and ergonomic guidelines to promote a better quality of life

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo Focused Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy

Intervention Type DEVICE

We will apply 2000 focal shock wave impulses starting in each region of the affected masticatory muscles and looking for compromised muscles in the masticatory muscles such as: masseter, temporal, pterygoid (medial and lateral and digastric through a piezoelectric generator F7, G3 with a focus of 0cm depth, frequency of 8Hz and intensity of 0.048mJ/mm² with a fake gel pad applicator.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Focused Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy

We will apply 2000 focal shock wave impulses starting in each region of the affected masticatory muscles and looking for compromised muscles in the masticatory muscles such as: masseter, temporal, pterygoid (medial and lateral and digastric through a piezoelectric generator F7, G3 with a focus of 1.5cm in depth, frequency of 8Hz and intensity of 0.048mJ/mm² as long as it is tolerable to the patient (it can be reduced to a tolerable intensity of at least 0.018mJ/mm²) starting with a density of energy flow between 0.12 to 0.15 mJ/mm2, starting from an adaptation dose of 0.10 mJ/mm2 in the first 500 impulses. The non-stationary technique will be used, slowly moving the applicator. Shockwave therapy will be weekly, totaling five consecutive weeks.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Placebo Focused Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy

We will apply 2000 focal shock wave impulses starting in each region of the affected masticatory muscles and looking for compromised muscles in the masticatory muscles such as: masseter, temporal, pterygoid (medial and lateral and digastric through a piezoelectric generator F7, G3 with a focus of 0cm depth, frequency of 8Hz and intensity of 0.048mJ/mm² with a fake gel pad applicator.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Pain in the temporomandibular region;
* Myofascial pain diagnosed with or without limitation of mouth opening based on the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD);
* Myofascial pain associated or not with joint abnormalities;
* Presence of moderate to severe pain: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) \>4;
* Duration of TMD pain (temporomandibular musculoskeletal) ≥3 months;
* Written granting of the informed consent form to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria

* Abnormality in blood clotting (coagulopathy) or using some type of anticoagulant;
* Primary malignant disease (tumors) in the treatment area;
* Acute infection of soft tissue or bone;
* Systemic infections;
* Epilepsy;
* Infiltration of corticosteroids at the application site in the last 6 weeks;
* Patient at high risk of some type of anesthesia or analgesia when it eventually has to be used;
* Polyarthritis;
* Polytrauma Local joint infections;
* Previous temporomandibular surgical treatments that compromise mastication;
* Treatment by physiotherapy, acupuncture before 3 months of performing the procedures
* Depression or other mental disorders;
* Clinical diagnosis of associated fibromyalgia;
* Associated systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases;
* Widespread pain or pain elsewhere that predominates and overlaps with TMD muscle pain;
* Inability to understand the treatment protocol.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of Sao Paulo General Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Wu Tu Hsing

Director of Center of Acupuncture of Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Wu T Hsing, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Sao Paulo

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University of São Paulo General Hospital

São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Brazil

Central Contacts

Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.

Wu T Hsing, MD, PhD

Role: CONTACT

+5511981998157

Leandro R Iuamoto, MD

Role: CONTACT

Facility Contacts

Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.

Wu T Hsing, MD, PhD

Role: primary

+5511981998157

Leandro R Iuamoto, MD

Role: backup

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Asquini G, Pitance L, Michelotti A, Falla D. Effectiveness of manual therapy applied to craniomandibular structures in temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review. J Oral Rehabil. 2022 Apr;49(4):442-455. doi: 10.1111/joor.13299. Epub 2022 Jan 17.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 34931336 (View on PubMed)

Chung J, Lobbezoo F, van Selms MKA, Chattrattrai T, Aarab G, Mitrirattanakul S. Physical, psychological and socio-demographic predictors related to patients' self-belief of their temporomandibular disorders' aetiology. J Oral Rehabil. 2021 Feb;48(2):109-123. doi: 10.1111/joor.13113. Epub 2020 Oct 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33051894 (View on PubMed)

Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, Look J, Anderson G, Goulet JP, List T, Svensson P, Gonzalez Y, Lobbezoo F, Michelotti A, Brooks SL, Ceusters W, Drangsholt M, Ettlin D, Gaul C, Goldberg LJ, Haythornthwaite JA, Hollender L, Jensen R, John MT, De Laat A, de Leeuw R, Maixner W, van der Meulen M, Murray GM, Nixdorf DR, Palla S, Petersson A, Pionchon P, Smith B, Visscher CM, Zakrzewska J, Dworkin SF; International RDC/TMD Consortium Network, International association for Dental Research; Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group, International Association for the Study of Pain. Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications: recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network* and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Groupdagger. J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2014 Winter;28(1):6-27. doi: 10.11607/jop.1151.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24482784 (View on PubMed)

Lipton JA, Ship JA, Larach-Robinson D. Estimated prevalence and distribution of reported orofacial pain in the United States. J Am Dent Assoc. 1993 Oct;124(10):115-21. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1993.0200. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8409001 (View on PubMed)

Skarmeta NP, Pesce MC, Saldivia J, Espinoza-Mellado P, Montini F, Sotomayor C. Changes in understanding of painful temporomandibular disorders: the history of a transformation. Quintessence Int. 2019;50(8):662-669. doi: 10.3290/j.qi.a42779.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31286120 (View on PubMed)

Medlicott MS, Harris SR. A systematic review of the effectiveness of exercise, manual therapy, electrotherapy, relaxation training, and biofeedback in the management of temporomandibular disorder. Phys Ther. 2006 Jul;86(7):955-73.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16813476 (View on PubMed)

Shimada A, Ishigaki S, Matsuka Y, Komiyama O, Torisu T, Oono Y, Sato H, Naganawa T, Mine A, Yamazaki Y, Okura K, Sakuma Y, Sasaki K. Effects of exercise therapy on painful temporomandibular disorders. J Oral Rehabil. 2019 May;46(5):475-481. doi: 10.1111/joor.12770. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30664815 (View on PubMed)

Arber W, Kuhnlein U. [Mutational loss of the B-specific restriction in bacteriophage fd]. Pathol Microbiol (Basel). 1967;30(6):946-52. No abstract available. German.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 4873409 (View on PubMed)

Vervaeke K, Verhelst PJ, Orhan K, Lund B, Benchimol D, Van der Cruyssen F, De Laat A, Jacobs R, Politis C. Correlation of MRI and arthroscopic findings with clinical outcome in temporomandibular joint disorders: a retrospective cohort study. Head Face Med. 2022 Jan 7;18(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s13005-021-00305-y.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 34996509 (View on PubMed)

Li W, Wu J. Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders by Ultrashort Wave and Extracorporeal Shock Wave: A Comparative Study. Med Sci Monit. 2020 Jun 21;26:e923461. doi: 10.12659/MSM.923461.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32564051 (View on PubMed)

Jiao K, Niu LN, Wang MQ, Dai J, Yu SB, Liu XD, Wang J. Subchondral bone loss following orthodontically induced cartilage degradation in the mandibular condyles of rats. Bone. 2011 Feb;48(2):362-71. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.09.010. Epub 2010 Sep 17.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20850574 (View on PubMed)

Ioppolo F, Rompe JD, Furia JP, Cacchio A. Clinical application of shock wave therapy (SWT) in musculoskeletal disorders. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2014 Apr;50(2):217-30. Epub 2014 Mar 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24667365 (View on PubMed)

Imamura M, Alamino S, Hsing WT, Alfieri FM, Schmitz C, Battistella LR. Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy for disabling pain due to severe primary knee osteoarthritis. J Rehabil Med. 2017 Jan 19;49(1):54-62. doi: 10.2340/16501977-2148.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27904912 (View on PubMed)

Iuamoto LR, Imamura M, Sameshima K, Meyer A, Simis M, Battistella LR, Fregni F. Functional Changes in Cortical Activity of Patients Submitted to Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment: An Exploratory Pilot Study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2022 Oct 1;101(10):920-930. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001931. Epub 2021 Nov 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 34799508 (View on PubMed)

Santamato A, Beatrice R, Micello MF, Fortunato F, Panza F, Bristogiannis C, Cleopazzo E, Macarini L, Picelli A, Baricich A, Ranieri M. Power Doppler Ultrasound Findings before and after Focused Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Achilles Tendinopathy: A Pilot Study on Pain Reduction and Neovascularization Effect. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2019 May;45(5):1316-1323. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.12.009. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30739723 (View on PubMed)

Moya D, Ramon S, Schaden W, Wang CJ, Guiloff L, Cheng JH. The Role of Extracorporeal Shockwave Treatment in Musculoskeletal Disorders. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2018 Feb 7;100(3):251-263. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.17.00661. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29406349 (View on PubMed)

Holfeld J, Tepekoylu C, Kozaryn R, Urbschat A, Zacharowski K, Grimm M, Paulus P. Shockwave therapy differentially stimulates endothelial cells: implications on the control of inflammation via toll-Like receptor 3. Inflammation. 2014 Feb;37(1):65-70. doi: 10.1007/s10753-013-9712-1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23948864 (View on PubMed)

Kuo YR, Wang CT, Wang FS, Chiang YC, Wang CJ. Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy enhanced wound healing via increasing topical blood perfusion and tissue regeneration in a rat model of STZ-induced diabetes. Wound Repair Regen. 2009 Jul-Aug;17(4):522-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-475X.2009.00504.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 19614917 (View on PubMed)

Kim YH, Bang JI, Son HJ, Kim Y, Kim JH, Bae H, Han SJ, Yoon HJ, Kim BS. Protective effects of extracorporeal shockwave on rat chondrocytes and temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis; preclinical evaluation with in vivo99mTc-HDP SPECT and ex vivo micro-CT. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2019 Nov;27(11):1692-1701. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.07.008. Epub 2019 Jul 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31323297 (View on PubMed)

Mattyasovszky SG, Langendorf EK, Ritz U, Schmitz C, Schmidtmann I, Nowak TE, Wagner D, Hofmann A, Rommens PM, Drees P. Exposure to radial extracorporeal shock waves modulates viability and gene expression of human skeletal muscle cells: a controlled in vitro study. J Orthop Surg Res. 2018 Apr 6;13(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s13018-018-0779-0.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29625618 (View on PubMed)

Gupta B, Ahmed N, Sidebottom AJ. Quality of life outcomes one year after replacement of the temporomandibular joint using a modified SF36 questionnaire. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 Apr;58(3):304-308. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.12.003. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32147223 (View on PubMed)

Dib-Zakkour J, Flores-Fraile J, Montero-Martin J, Dib-Zakkour S, Dib-Zaitun I. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dry Needling in the Treatment of Myogenous Temporomandibular Joint Disorders. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Feb 9;58(2):256. doi: 10.3390/medicina58020256.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35208580 (View on PubMed)

Schmitz C, Csaszar NB, Milz S, Schieker M, Maffulli N, Rompe JD, Furia JP. Efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for orthopedic conditions: a systematic review on studies listed in the PEDro database. Br Med Bull. 2015;116(1):115-38. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldv047. Epub 2015 Nov 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26585999 (View on PubMed)

Rompe JD, Meurer A, Nafe B, Hofmann A, Gerdesmeyer L. Repetitive low-energy shock wave application without local anesthesia is more efficient than repetitive low-energy shock wave application with local anesthesia in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. J Orthop Res. 2005 Jul;23(4):931-41. doi: 10.1016/j.orthres.2004.09.003.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16023010 (View on PubMed)

Alessandri-Bonetti G, Bortolotti F, Bartolucci ML, Marini I, D'Anto V, Michelotti A. The Effects of Mandibular Advancement Device on Pressure Pain Threshold of Masticatory Muscles: A Prospective Controlled Cohort Study. J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2016 Summer;30(3):234-40. doi: 10.11607/ofph.1500.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27472526 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.

https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/

WMA Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551612/

Temporomandibular Syndrome - Book

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

64637022.5.0000.0068

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.