Study Results
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Basic Information
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RECRUITING
NA
320 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2024-05-01
2025-12-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Rather than resorting to mental health professionals for face-to-face service to treat common mental health concerns, digital technology provides a highly scalable and accessible means through which individuals can access mental health resources for self-care. Internet-delivered psychological therapy is one of the viable options for this situation. Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) has been recommended by the NICE guidelines as one of the low-intensity interventions for people with depression and anxiety. Online scientific evidence-based psychological interventions provide solutions for the service users on their mental well-being issues without practical burdens resulted from long waiting time, high expenses, and stigmatization.
Internet-delivered mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) have emerged as a promising approach in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms and improving mental well-being. A meta-analysis found that online MBIs had beneficial impact on depression, anxiety, well-being and mindfulness. It also found that guided online MBIs had larger effects on stress and mindfulness compared to unguided MBIs.
In this study, participants will be recruited through (1) advertising on online networking platforms (e.g., Facebook and Instagram), (2) mass mailing at investigator's institutions, and (3) snowball sampling.
Upon completing the screening and pre-evaluation questionnaire, participants will be randomly assigned to one of the groups based on computer-generated random digits. They will complete 5 more sets of questionnaires, including a mid-evaluation 4 weeks after group allocation, a post-evaluation 8 weeks after group allocation, and three follow-up questionnaires at 16 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after group allocation. In experimental groups, participants will complete guided or self-guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy, or self-guided mindfulness-based intervention within 8 weeks. In the waitlist control group, participants are to refrain from participating in psychological intervention until they finish the follow-up questionnaire.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Online guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy
In the online guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy group, participants will go through 8 modules with coach support in 8 weeks. They will complete 6 sets of questionnaires at the beginning of the study, at the 4th, 8th, and 16th weeks, and at 6 and 12 months after group allocation. All participants will be able to access all psychological interventions after they have completed the research.
Online guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy
The contents of guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy are developed by clinical psychologists and psychological well-being officers. The intervention consists of 8 modules. Contents include emotional awareness, physical sensation, emotion-driven behavior, behavioral activation, worry, cognitive restructuring, behavioral experiment, and relapse prevention. Customized guidance will be provided by coaches once a week based on participants' performance
Online self-guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy
In the online self-guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy group, participants will go through 8 modules without coach support in 8 weeks. They will complete 6 sets of questionnaires at the beginning of the study, at the 4th, 8th, and 16th weeks, and at 6 and 12 months after group allocation. All participants will be able to access all psychological interventions after they have completed the research.
Online self-guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy
The contents of self-guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy are developed by clinical psychologists and psychological well-being officers. The intervention consists of 8 modules. Contents include emotional awareness, physical sensation, emotion-driven behavior, behavioral activation, worry, cognitive restructuring, behavioral experiment, and relapse prevention. No customized guidance will be provided to participants in the self-guided group.
Waitlist control group
In the waitlist control group, participants are to refrain from using online psychological interventions until they finished the final questionnaire. They will complete 4 sets of questionnaires at the beginning of the study, at the 4th, 8th, and 16th weeks and at 6 and 12 months after group allocation. All participants will be able to access all psychological interventions after they have completed the research.
No interventions assigned to this group
Online self-guided mindfulness-based intervention
In the online self-guided mindfulness-based intervention group, participants will go through 6 modules in 8 weeks without coach support. They will complete 6 sets of questionnaires at the beginning of the study, at the 4th, 8th, and 16th weeks, and at 6 and 12 months after group allocation. All participants will be able to access all psychological interventions after they have completed the research.
Online self-guided mindfulness-based intervention
The contents of online self-guided mindfulness-based intervention are developed by clinical psychologists and psychological well-being officers. The intervention consists of 6 modules. Contents include mindfulness and auto-pilot, react and respond, aversion, craving, equanimity, and 'suffering', thoughts and letting go, starting with loving kindness, and mindfulness in life.
Interventions
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Online guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy
The contents of guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy are developed by clinical psychologists and psychological well-being officers. The intervention consists of 8 modules. Contents include emotional awareness, physical sensation, emotion-driven behavior, behavioral activation, worry, cognitive restructuring, behavioral experiment, and relapse prevention. Customized guidance will be provided by coaches once a week based on participants' performance
Online self-guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy
The contents of self-guided transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy are developed by clinical psychologists and psychological well-being officers. The intervention consists of 8 modules. Contents include emotional awareness, physical sensation, emotion-driven behavior, behavioral activation, worry, cognitive restructuring, behavioral experiment, and relapse prevention. No customized guidance will be provided to participants in the self-guided group.
Online self-guided mindfulness-based intervention
The contents of online self-guided mindfulness-based intervention are developed by clinical psychologists and psychological well-being officers. The intervention consists of 6 modules. Contents include mindfulness and auto-pilot, react and respond, aversion, craving, equanimity, and 'suffering', thoughts and letting go, starting with loving kindness, and mindfulness in life.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Able to read Chinese or English
* With internet connection and able to access the internet
* Does not register to Jockey Club TourHeart+ Project or participate in related research projects
* With moderate-severe GAD-7 a/o moderate-severe PHQ-9
Exclusion Criteria
* Cannot access the internet
* Existing users of Jockey Club TourHeart+ Project or participate in related research
* Without moderate-severe depressive or anxiety symptoms
* With suicidal risk
17 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Chinese University of Hong Kong
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Winnie W.S. MAK
Professor
Principal Investigators
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Winnie WS Mak
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Professor
Locations
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Diversity and Well-being Lab, Dept of Psychology, CUHK
Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Chio, F. H., Lai, M. H., & Mak, W. W. (2018). Development of the Nonattachment Scale-Short Form (NAS-SF) using item response theory. Mindfulness, 9, 1299-1308.
Choi I, Andrews G, Sharpe L, Hunt C. Help-seeking characteristics of Chinese- and English-speaking Australians accessing Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for depression. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2015 Jan;50(1):89-97. doi: 10.1007/s00127-014-0956-3. Epub 2014 Sep 6.
Dorow M, Lobner M, Pabst A, Stein J, Riedel-Heller SG. Preferences for Depression Treatment Including Internet-Based Interventions: Results From a Large Sample of Primary Care Patients. Front Psychiatry. 2018 May 17;9:181. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00181. eCollection 2018.
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Hospital Authority. (n.d.). Waiting time for new case booking at Psychiatry specialist out-patient clinics. Retrieved March 20, 2022, from https://www.ha.org.hk/visitor/sopc_waiting_time.asp?id=7&lang=ENG
Lam LC, Wong CS, Wang MJ, Chan WC, Chen EY, Ng RM, Hung SF, Cheung EF, Sham PC, Chiu HF, Lam M, Chang WC, Lee EH, Chiang TP, Lau JT, van Os J, Lewis G, Bebbington P. Prevalence, psychosocial correlates and service utilization of depressive and anxiety disorders in Hong Kong: the Hong Kong Mental Morbidity Survey (HKMMS). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2015 Sep;50(9):1379-88. doi: 10.1007/s00127-015-1014-5. Epub 2015 Feb 8.
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Mak WW, Chio FH, Chan AT, Lui WW, Wu EK. The Efficacy of Internet-Based Mindfulness Training and Cognitive-Behavioral Training With Telephone Support in the Enhancement of Mental Health Among College Students and Young Working Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2017 Mar 22;19(3):e84. doi: 10.2196/jmir.6737.
Mak WW, Tong AC, Yip SY, Lui WW, Chio FH, Chan AT, Wong CC. Efficacy and Moderation of Mobile App-Based Programs for Mindfulness-Based Training, Self-Compassion Training, and Cognitive Behavioral Psychoeducation on Mental Health: Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial. JMIR Ment Health. 2018 Oct 11;5(4):e60. doi: 10.2196/mental.8597.
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Ng SS, Lo AW, Leung TK, Chan FS, Wong AT, Lam RW, Tsang DK. Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale for patients with mental illness in Hong Kong. East Asian Arch Psychiatry. 2014 Mar;24(1):3-9.
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Hou J, Wong SY, Lo HH, Mak WW, Ma HS. Validation of a Chinese version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire in Hong Kong and development of a short form. Assessment. 2014 Jun;21(3):363-71. doi: 10.1177/1073191113485121. Epub 2013 Apr 16.
Spijkerman MP, Pots WT, Bohlmeijer ET. Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions in improving mental health: A review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clin Psychol Rev. 2016 Apr;45:102-14. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.03.009. Epub 2016 Apr 1.
Other Identifiers
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WMHICS-HK
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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