Integrating Exercise Into Lifestyle of Cardiac Outpatients

NCT ID: NCT05817305

Last Updated: 2025-04-10

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Total Enrollment

5000 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

1997-01-01

Study Completion Date

2047-12-31

Brief Summary

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The purpose of the study is to investigate the long-term effects of a personalized physical activity program on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with stable cardiovascular disease. The analysis also intends to evaluate the prognostic value of cardiovascular function estimated through a walking test (1km Treadmill Walking Test, 1k-TWT) in relation to survival, hospitalization, and medical costs. The program considers clinical, socio-economic, and behavioural aspects, psychological support, and risk factor control. Patients receive indications for carrying out a home training program based on the performance of moderate-intensity aerobic activity at least 3-4 days a week for at least 30-60 minutes a day. All patients are also encouraged to improve their daily habits by preferring a more active lifestyle both at home and at work.

Detailed Description

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BACKGROUND: Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are considered major markers of cardiovascular risk and core components of secondary prevention programs for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The benefits of regular physical activity are well-recognized both for men and women and are inversely associated with mortality risk and the incidence of many chronic diseases. Despite the efforts of many health organizations to increase awareness of this evidence, physical inactivity and low cardiorespiratory fitness remain overlooked risk factors. Directly measured peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) determined during maximal incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) is the gold standard objective measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. However, because of physical, financial, and time limitations, a direct determination is often not routinely assessed in clinical settings. Submaximal exercise testing can be a viable alternative to CPX. These tests are more practical for examining older adults or a large patient cohort. Also, they are helpful in defining functional limitations, setting up appropriate physical activity programs, and assessing the outcomes of pharmacological treatments.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: The benefits of regular physical activity are well-recognized both for men and women and are inversely associated with mortality risk and the incidence of many chronic diseases. The purpose of this observational registry is to evaluate the efficacy of an exercise-based secondary prevention program among male and female outpatients with stable cardiovascular disease.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION: During each session, information about weight, height, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, cardiometabolic risk factors, and drug therapy in progress are registered. Physical activity habits are assessed using the Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall questionnaire. In addition, patients complete a sub-maximal test of 1km treadmill walking (1k-TWT), which is performed at a moderate intensity and adjusted according to the patient's perception of fatigue. Patients unable to complete the test at a walking speed ≥ 3.0 km/h can perform the test over 500m or 200m. Based on the results of the test, patients receive indications for the proper execution of a home training program, (i.e., at the same effort perceived in the test). The activity should be done at least 3-4 times per week, preferably every day, for at least 30-60 minutes. All patients are also encouraged to improve their daily habits by opting for a more active lifestyle at home and at work. Written informed consent is required from all participants at the time of enrollment.

Conditions

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Cardiovascular Diseases Physical Inactivity Aging Quality of Life Physician-Patient Relations

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Cardiac outpatients

Patients with stable cardiovascular disease who have been referred to the service by their general practitioner or cardiologist

Medical history and functional evaluation

Intervention Type OTHER

During each session, physical parameters are measured and data on medical history and physical activity are collected. To assess cardiorespiratory fitness, all patients complete a submaximal, moderate, and perceptually regulated treadmill walking test (1k-TWT). Patients unable to complete the test at a walking speed ≥ 3.0 km/h perform the test over 500m or 200m.

Health education

Intervention Type OTHER

Patients receive recommendations for risk factor management as well as continuous motivational counselling in order to develop and maintain a stable active lifestyle.

Interventions

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Medical history and functional evaluation

During each session, physical parameters are measured and data on medical history and physical activity are collected. To assess cardiorespiratory fitness, all patients complete a submaximal, moderate, and perceptually regulated treadmill walking test (1k-TWT). Patients unable to complete the test at a walking speed ≥ 3.0 km/h perform the test over 500m or 200m.

Intervention Type OTHER

Health education

Patients receive recommendations for risk factor management as well as continuous motivational counselling in order to develop and maintain a stable active lifestyle.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* the presence of one or more previous cardiovascular events

Exclusion Criteria

* Ejection fraction \< 30%
* Chronic heart failure NYHA III-IV
* Severe aortic or mitral valvulopathy
* Severe physical or cognitive impairment
* Exercise-induced complex arrhythmias
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Università degli Studi di Ferrara

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Giovanni Grazzi, MD

Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Gianni Mazzoni, Professor

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Università degli Studi di Ferrara

Giovanni Grazzi, Professor

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Università degli Studi di Ferrara

Locations

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Center for Exercise Science and Sport

Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Italy

Central Contacts

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Giovanni Grazzi, Professor

Role: CONTACT

+39 0535455963

Facility Contacts

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Giovanni Grazzi, Professor

Role: primary

+39 0535455963

Andrea Raisi, MSc

Role: backup

+39 0535455963

References

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Chiaranda G, Myers J, Mazzoni G, Terranova F, Bernardi E, Grossi G, Codeca L, Conconi F, Grazzi G. Peak oxygen uptake prediction from a moderate, perceptually regulated, 1-km treadmill walk in male cardiac patients. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2012 Sep-Oct;32(5):262-9. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0b013e3182663507.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22936157 (View on PubMed)

Chiaranda G, Bernardi E, Codeca L, Conconi F, Myers J, Terranova F, Volpato S, Mazzoni G, Grazzi G. Treadmill walking speed and survival prediction in men with cardiovascular disease: a 10-year follow-up study. BMJ Open. 2013 Oct 25;3(10):e003446. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003446.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24163203 (View on PubMed)

Grazzi G, Myers J, Bernardi E, Terranova F, Grossi G, Codeca L, Volpato S, Conconi F, Mazzoni G, Chiaranda G. Association between VO(2) peak estimated by a 1-km treadmill walk and mortality. A 10-year follow-up study in patients with cardiovascular disease. Int J Cardiol. 2014 May 1;173(2):248-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.02.039. Epub 2014 Feb 28.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24630380 (View on PubMed)

Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Myers J, Codeca L, Pasanisi G, Napoli N, Guerzoni F, Volpato S, Conconi F, Chiaranda G. Improved walking speed is associated with lower hospitalisation rates in patients in an exercise-based secondary prevention programme. Heart. 2016 Dec 1;102(23):1902-1908. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-309126. Epub 2016 Jul 7.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27390367 (View on PubMed)

Uliari S, Myers J, Bernardi E, Chiaranda G, Conconi F, Terranova F, Mazzoni G, Grazzi G. Oxygen Uptake Attenuation at Ventilatory Threshold in Men With Coronary Artery Disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2016 Jul-Aug;36(4):258-62. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000160.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27120036 (View on PubMed)

Mandini S, Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Myers J, Pasanisi G, Sassone B, Conconi F, Chiaranda G. A moderate 1-km treadmill walk predicts mortality in men with mid-range left ventricular dysfunction. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Oct;24(15):1670-1672. doi: 10.1177/2047487317722434. Epub 2017 Jul 21. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28728484 (View on PubMed)

Grazzi G, Chiaranda G, Myers J, Pasanisi G, Lordi R, Conconi F, Mazzoni G. Outdoor Reproducibility of a 1-km Treadmill Walking Test to Predict Peak Oxygen Uptake in Cardiac Patients. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2017 Sep;37(5):347-349. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000266.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28671933 (View on PubMed)

Mazzoni G, Sassone B, Pasanisi G, Myers J, Mandini S, Volpato S, Conconi F, Chiaranda G, Grazzi G. A moderate 500-m treadmill walk for estimating peak oxygen uptake in men with NYHA class I-II heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2018 Apr 16;18(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s12872-018-0801-9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29661150 (View on PubMed)

Mazzoni G, Chiaranda G, Myers J, Sassone B, Pasanisi G, Mandini S, Volpato S, Conconi F, Grazzi G. 500-meter and 1000-meter moderate walks equally assess cardiorespiratory fitness in male outpatients with cardiovascular diseases. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Sep;58(9):1312-1317. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07525-9. Epub 2017 Sep 29.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28967238 (View on PubMed)

Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Myers J, Codeca L, Pasanisi G, Mandini S, Piepoli M, Volpato S, Conconi F, Chiaranda G. Determining the best percent-predicted equation for estimated VO2 peak by a 1-km moderate perceptually-regulated treadmill walk to predict mortality in outpatients with cardiovascular disease. J Sci Med Sport. 2018 Mar;21(3):307-311. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.06.003. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28645496 (View on PubMed)

Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Myers J, Caruso L, Sassone B, Pasanisi G, Guerzoni F, Napoli N, Pizzolato M, Zerbini V, Franchi M, Masotti S, Mandini S, Raisi A, Chiaranda G. Impact of Improvement in Walking Speed on Hospitalization and Mortality in Females with Cardiovascular Disease. J Clin Med. 2020 Jun 5;9(6):1755. doi: 10.3390/jcm9061755.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32517001 (View on PubMed)

Mazzoni G, Myers J, Sassone B, Pasanisi G, Mandini S, Raisi A, Pizzolato M, Franchi M, Caruso L, Missiroli L, Chiaranda G, Grazzi G. A moderate 200-m walk test estimates peak oxygen uptake in elderly outpatients with cardiovascular disease. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 May;60(5):786-793. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.10387-6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32438791 (View on PubMed)

Bonnini S, Mazzoni G, Borghesi M, Chiaranda G, Myers J, Mandini S, Raisi A, Masotti S, Grazzi G. Improving walking speed reduces hospitalization costs in outpatients with cardiovascular disease. An analysis based on a multistrata non-parametric test. BMC Health Serv Res. 2020 Nov 17;20(1):1048. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05874-3.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33203408 (View on PubMed)

Chiaranda G, Myers J, Arena R, Kaminsky L, Sassone B, Pasanisi G, Mandini S, Mazzoni G, Grazzi G. Prognostic comparison of the FRIEND and Wasserman/Hansen peak VO2 equations applied to a submaximal walking test in outpatients with cardiovascular disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2021 Apr 23;28(3):287-292. doi: 10.1177/2047487319871728. Epub 2019 Aug 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33891689 (View on PubMed)

Zerbini V, Raisi A, Myers J, Piva T, Lordi R, Chiaranda G, Mazzoni G, Grazzi G, Mandini S. Peak Oxygen Uptake Estimation From A Moderate 1-KM Treadmill Walk in Women With Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2021 Nov 1;41(6):432-434. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000641. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 34727562 (View on PubMed)

Raisi A, Zerbini V, Myers J, Masotti S, Piva T, Lordi R, Chiaranda G, Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Mandini S. Moderate walking speed and survival association across 23-years follow-up in female patients with cardiovascular disease. Int J Cardiol. 2023 Jan 15;371:371-376. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.09.014. Epub 2022 Sep 9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36089160 (View on PubMed)

Raisi A, Piva T, Myers J, Lordi R, Zerbini V, Masotti S, Chiaranda G, Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Mandini S. A Moderate Walking Test Predicts Survival in Women With Cardiovascular Disease. Am J Prev Med. 2023 Sep;65(3):497-504. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.02.025. Epub 2023 Mar 5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36871638 (View on PubMed)

Raisi A, Bernardi E, Myers J, Piva T, Zerbini V, Masotti S, Menegatti E, Caruso L, Mazzoni G, Grazzi G, Mandini S. Change in Peak Oxygen Uptake Predicted by the Moderate 1-km Treadmill Walking Test After Walking Training in Outpatients With Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2024 Mar 1;44(2):131-136. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000812. Epub 2023 Aug 25.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37616588 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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CSB-21-01

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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