Reverse Cardiac Remodeling Among Elite Athletes After Short and Long-term Detraining

NCT ID: NCT05555849

Last Updated: 2024-09-05

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 50 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-05-01
• Study Completion Date: 2024-07-01

Brief Summary

Exercise has many well-documented effects in the prevention or treatment of disease, but recently some studies have raised awareness of the possible negative effects of too much exercise. In former elite endurance athletes, an increased risk of cardiac fibrosis and arrhythmias have been described. Whether exercise itself is the culprit remains to be explored.

The right cardiac ventricle can be overloaded during long-term intense exercise, due to increased volume load and possibly an increased afterload. In a subgroub of athletes the appearance with morphological and functional changes resembling an ARVC like phenotype. Furthermore, atrial fibrillation among male middle-aged athletes is up to 5 times more common compared to age-matched non-athletes. The working hypothesis of this study is that male athletes remodel more than females and that some of thise changes are already measureable early after end of elite sporting carreer.

In this prospective cohort study, of 50 elite athletes at retirement, after 3 months and thereafter yearly for five years, to determine the characteristics of remodeling of the heart focusing on the left atrial and right ventricle.

Detailed Description

A prospective cohort study of reverse cardiac remodeling in recently retired elite athletes

Aim To explore the remodeling of the heart focusing on right ventricle and left atria as well as pulmonary circulation in elite athletes at rest and during exercise as well as the effect of short and long-term reverse remodeling after the end of a professional sporting career

Methods The investigators will initiate a 5-year longitudinal study of cardiac detraining in 50 former elite athletes.

Primary outcome Change in left atrial minimum size after three months retirement (mL)

Secondary outcome:

• Change in left atrium (LA) function measured by strain and volume measures by echocardiography and magnetic resonance cor (MRc) after three months and the following years
• Change in right and left ventricle size and function by echocardiography and magnetic resonance cor (MRc) after three months and the following years
• Change in VO2max after three months and the following years
• Change in diurnal ventricular and supraventricular ectopy and heart rate variability after three months and the following years
• Change in blood pressure, BMI after three months and the following years
• Change in plasma lipids and HbA1c after three months and the following years

The full list of examinations includes:

• Baseline family history, medical and training history
• Cardio-pulmonary exercise test
• 24-hour Holter monitoring
• Biochemistry
• Cardiac MR including contrast at rest and during exercise
• Trans thoracic echocardiography

Project organization and partners Recruitment of participants is organized in cooperation with the danish national elite sports organization (Team Danmark), Divisionsforeningen (The association of professional football clubs), and Spillerforeningen (The union of professional football players).

Conditions

Athlete Heart; Arrhythmias, Cardiac

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: COHORT
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Study group, Newly retired elite athletes

Elite athletes at the time of retirement of professional career. Reinvestigated after three months and thereafter yearly.

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• ≥18 years at the time of screening
• Former elite athlete from endurance sport discipline
• End of elite sporting career >1 year ago

Exclusion Criteria

• Any known cardiac disease
• Any condition (eg, psychiatric illness) or situation that, in the investigator's opinion, could impose the subject at significant risk, or interfere significantly with the subject's participation in the study.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Rigshospitalet, Denmark

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Bispebjerg Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Hanne Kruuse Rasmusen

Associate professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Hanne K Rasmusen, ph.d.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Bispebjerg Hospital

Locations

Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital

Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Countries

Denmark

References

Aaroee M, Tischer SG, Christensen R, Sajadieh A, Dall CH, Thune JJ, Rasmusen H. Long-term left atrial adaptations to reduced training load in former elite athletes: a long-term follow-up longitudinal observational study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2025 Apr 3;11(2):e002379. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002379. eCollection 2025.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 40191843 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

H-21043707

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id