RCT: Mindfulness for Social Work and Self-care

NCT ID: NCT05538650

Last Updated: 2024-01-19

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 60 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-10-04
• Study Completion Date: 2023-03-08

Brief Summary

Social work is a stressful occupation with social workers at high risk of job-related stress and burnout. Mindfulness has been evidenced as a promising approach for improving: recovery from stress; behavioural responses to stress; and resilience.

The Mindfulness-based social work and self-care programme, a bespoke and innovative online mindfulness programme developed for frontline social workers, have been shown to be effective in improving aspects of psychological and general wellbeing among a social work population.

The main aim of the study is to confirm the efficacy of this bespoke, innovative, 6-session Mindfulness Intervention for social workers (MBSWSC) in reducing social worker stress, feelings of burnout, anxiety, low mood and improving well-being. The study will also compare outcomes from the MBSWSC with a briefer, condensed 3 session mindfulness programme (MBSC). The findings of this study will serve to complement and confirm the findings of an initial RCT, but in a post-covid environment.

Detailed Description

Background: Social work is a stressful occupation with social workers at high risk of burnout. Existing studies have focused on the impact of working conditions and work-related stress in this population. However, despite this focus stress and burnout among this population remains high, as a result the average working life of social workers considerably shorter than that of counterparts in healthcare.

Interventions to address the impact of job-related stress, and burnout, on frontline social workers have been developed, however there is a lack of evidence on the implementation and effectiveness of these interventions. Robust evidence on effective social work interventions to improve psychosocial outcomes among this population is needed.

Mindfulness is an approach which has been linked to positive outcomes among health and social care professionals, such as improved wellbeing, increased levels of self-compassion, reduced stress and burnout. Self-care or self-compassion has been identified as a promoter of positive health related outcomes among social workers.

However, evidence to support the use of mindfulness interventions among social workers remains scant. There has been a lack of information relating to mindfulness programmes tailored to specific professions; with mindfulness research to date having more of a focus on healthcare or student populations. More information is required on the effectiveness of mindfulness among social workers. An evidence gap also exists around the effectiveness of briefer mindfulness programmes; with recognised programmes such as MBSR and MBCT requiring significant time commitments from participants which may not be suitable for practicing social workers. In light of this evidence it is clear more high quality RCTs are needed to add to the evidence base in this area and to inform future provision for social work.

With this in mind, this study looks to confirm the efficacy of a bespoke, innovative, 6-session Mindfulness Intervention for social workers (MBSWSC); and to explore the mechanisms through which the MBSWSC may mitigate the impact of stress in social work. It also looks to compare the outcomes from the MBSWSC programme with a modified, condensed 3 session mindfulness programme (MBSC) to confirm the impact of briefer mindfulness programmes.

This RCT looks to build on findings of an earlier RCT exploring the effects on MBSWSC. More explicitly, this RCT aims to:

Confirm the efficacy of the MBSWSC programme at improving social worker: - Stress, feelings of burnout, anxiety, low mood and well-being (primary outcomes);

• Mindfulness, attention regulation, acceptance, self-compassion, non-attachment and aversion, worry and rumination (secondary outcomes).
• Explore the mechanisms through which mindfulness may improve outcomes, more specifically the mechanisms through which mindfulness mitigates the effects of stress on burnout.
• Confirm any differences between MBSWSC outcomes and outcomes on the MBSC Methods: A minimum of 70 participants, providing consent to participate in the study will be recruited to the study. On completion of baseline measures, participants will be randomised to either the experimental (MBSWSC) or active control (MBSC) groups. Participants in both groups will complete a range of psychosocial measures at baseline (1 week pre-intervention), post-intervention, and at three month follow-up.

The primary outcome of the study is the efficacy of MBSWSC on social worker stress, feelings of burnout, anxiety, low mood and well-being and secondary outcomes; and the mechanisms through which this occurs.

The secondary outcome of the study is the differences in outcomes for MBSWSC participants and participants on the modified, condensed (briefer) MBSC.

Conditions

Burnout, Professional; Mindfulness; Stress, Psychological; Behaviour

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Mindfulness-based Social Work and Self-care (MBSWSC)

Participants in the experimental group will participate in the 6 session Mindfulness Based Social Work and Self Care (MBSWSC) programme. MBSWSC is facilitated by two accredited mindfulness practitioners, who are also qualified social workers. Sessions will be supported/supplemented with brief homework activities to help embed mindfulness practice.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Mindfulness-Based Social Work and Self Care (MBSWSC)

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

MBSWSC is a unique mindfulness-based programme for social work and self-care which has been specifically developed for online delivery. The MBSWSC programme is embedded within key cognitive and emotion regulation, and stress coping theory. This programme combines mindfulness practices with psychoeducation with the aim of allowing participants to reduce any negative thinking about the past and future by learning skills that will allow them to focus on the present. It will also focus on how to effectively apply these newly acquired mindfulness skills in social work practice. The programme has been the subject of an initial RCT, which has helped to inform the current programme content and structure. The MBSWSC programme comprises 6x1.5 hour sessions, delivered weekly, over a 6 week period. Homework, in the form of mindfulness practices, is given each week. This will take approximately 20-30 minutes to complete, on 6 out of 7 days, each week.

Mindfulness and Self-care (MBSC)

Participants in the active comparator group will participated in the 3 session Mindfulness and Self-care (MBSC) programme. MBSC is facilitated by two accredited mindfulness practitioners, who are also qualified social workers. Sessions will be supported/supplemented with brief homework activities to help embed mindfulness practice.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Mindfulness-Based Self-Care (MBSC)

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

MBSC is a modified, condensed Mindfulness Based Intervention; with a key focus on self-compassion/self-care. Key practices in this condensed programme were chosen for their relevance and utility to social workers. The MBSC programme comprises 3x1 hour sessions delivered over a 6 week period, with one session every two weeks. Homework, in the form of mindfulness practices, is given each week. This will take approximately 20-30 minutes to complete, on 6 out of 7 days, each week.

Interventions

Mindfulness-Based Social Work and Self Care (MBSWSC)

MBSWSC is a unique mindfulness-based programme for social work and self-care which has been specifically developed for online delivery. The MBSWSC programme is embedded within key cognitive and emotion regulation, and stress coping theory. This programme combines mindfulness practices with psychoeducation with the aim of allowing participants to reduce any negative thinking about the past and future by learning skills that will allow them to focus on the present. It will also focus on how to effectively apply these newly acquired mindfulness skills in social work practice. The programme has been the subject of an initial RCT, which has helped to inform the current programme content and structure. The MBSWSC programme comprises 6x1.5 hour sessions, delivered weekly, over a 6 week period. Homework, in the form of mindfulness practices, is given each week. This will take approximately 20-30 minutes to complete, on 6 out of 7 days, each week.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Mindfulness-Based Self-Care (MBSC)

MBSC is a modified, condensed Mindfulness Based Intervention; with a key focus on self-compassion/self-care. Key practices in this condensed programme were chosen for their relevance and utility to social workers. The MBSC programme comprises 3x1 hour sessions delivered over a 6 week period, with one session every two weeks. Homework, in the form of mindfulness practices, is given each week. This will take approximately 20-30 minutes to complete, on 6 out of 7 days, each week.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Other Intervention Names

MBSWSC; MBSC

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Frontline social work practitioner
• Working in Northern Ireland
• Aged 18 years and over

Exclusion Criteria

• Social workers in strategic social work roles with no contact with clients

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Queen's University, Belfast

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Karen McGuigan

Site Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Alan Maddock, Dr

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University College Dublin

Locations

Queen's University Belfast

Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Countries

United Kingdom

Other Identifiers

REF167_2122

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id