The Efficacy of Balance and Proprioception Exercises in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

89 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2014-05-31

Study Completion Date

2016-06-30

Brief Summary

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This study aime to investigate the effects of balance and proprioception exercises using two different methods (classical balance training and Balance System™ SD) in addition to strengthening exercises on dynamic balance, pain, functional status and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

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Detailed Description

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It is known that knee OA leads to a decrease in proprioception and balance disturbances. Falls due to balance disorders often occur during dynamic activities such as walking and stair climbing. Therefore, correction of balance disorders is of great importance to prevent falls and associated fractures in the elderly population, in which knee OA is common. In addition, loss of proprioception in the knee joint, muscle weakness, and balance disorders are also known to contribute to the development of knee OA itself. Therefore, treatment of balance disorders may also slow the progression of the disease. This study was planned to compare the effects of isometric strengthening exercises plus balance and proprioception exercises performed by two different methods with isometric strengthening exercises alone. This is a single-center randomized trial with 3 parallel arms.

Conditions

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Knee Osteoarthritis Balance; Distorted Proprioceptive Disorders

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

This study was planned to compare the effects of isometric strengthening exercises plus balance and proprioception exercises performed by two different methods with isometric strengthening exercises alone. This was a single-center randomized trial with 3 parallel arms

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

TRIPLE

Participants Caregivers Outcome Assessors

The patients, the outcome assessor, care provider physicians, and the statistician were blinded to allocation. The supervising physician was not blinded.

Study Groups

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Biodex Training (BT) group

Biodex Balance System features a platform that can move simultaneously in the anteroposterior (AP) or medio-lateral (ML) direction in 12 different levels of stability within a 20-degree range of inclination, as well as a locked position for static environments. For this platform, 1 represents the least stable level and 12 represents the most stable level. Interactive, game-like training modes are provided with the on-screen grid and score-keeping functions. Patients in the BT group performed exercises with the Balance SystemTM SD once a day, three days a week for 10 weeks under the physicians' supervision. Furthermore this group received closed kinetic chain exercises (CKCE) in addition to their own exercise program, which was applied in exactly the same way. The CKCE were performed in three sets of 10 repetitions with five seconds rest between each exercise. The exercises consisted of mini-squats, wall sits, and lunges.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Balance and proprioception exercises

Intervention Type OTHER

Balance and proprioception exercises using two different methods (classical balance training and Biodex) in addition to strengthening exercises

Classical balance training group (CT group)

Patients in the CT group completed the exercise program once a day and three days a week during the 10-week period under the physicians' supervision. The exercises consisted of standing on one leg, tandem walking (heel-to-toe), balance board exercises, Romberg exercise, backward walking, and side-to-side stepping exercises. The total duration of these exercises was 20-30 minutes. Furthermore this group also received CKCE in addition to their own exercise program, which was applied in exactly the same way. The CKCE were performed in three sets of 10 repetitions with five seconds rest between each exercise. The exercises consisted of mini-squats, wall sits, and lunges.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Balance and proprioception exercises

Intervention Type OTHER

Balance and proprioception exercises using two different methods (classical balance training and Biodex) in addition to strengthening exercises

Control group

Isometric home exercises, which can be considered the most basic and feasible strengthening program, were selected to compare the effects they had when added to the intervention groups and administered alone. All patients in the study performed isometric exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings at home once a day, three days a week for 10 weeks. The exercises were performed as 10 repetitive cycles of six-second contractions and two-second rest periods. All patients were given a daily exercise chart to mark the home program, and adherence to the exercises was monitored weekly by telephone call.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Home exercises program

Intervention Type OTHER

Isometric exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings at home

Interventions

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Balance and proprioception exercises

Balance and proprioception exercises using two different methods (classical balance training and Biodex) in addition to strengthening exercises

Intervention Type OTHER

Home exercises program

Isometric exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings at home

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Patients were included if they had a knee OA diagnosis according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) diagnostic criteria, had suffered from knee pain for at least six months, had radiologically verified bilateral knee OA of grade II or III according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification and had not previously participated in a regular exercise program.

Exclusion Criteria

* Patients who had undergone knee surgery, who had received hyaluronic acid or corticosteroid injections into the knee within six months, and patients with conditions that might affect balance were excluded from the study.

Minimum Eligible Age

40 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

70 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No