BMAC on PCL Scaffold for Ridge Augmentation

NCT ID: NCT05241548

Last Updated: 2026-01-21

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 7 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-01-15
• Study Completion Date: 2023-12-01

Brief Summary

BMAC is used on 3D printed PCL scaffold for horizontal ridge augmentation in aesthetic zone , BMAC contains MSCs which can differentiate in osteogenic medium into osteoblasts which can lay down bone

Detailed Description

Alveolar bone defects were classified according to their morphology and pattern of bone loss into Class I where buccolingual loss occurs while maintaining the vertical height( Horizontal defect), Class II where vertical bone loss occurs with no buccolingual width loss (Vertical defect) and Class III where combination of vertical and horizontal bone loss occurs . These defects require augmentation before implant placement, several techniques were approached including autogenous and non autogenous bone grafting , Guided bone regeneration (GBR), ridge splitting and distraction osteogenesis. Bone grafts used with these techniques are categorized into : autografts, allografts , xenografts and alloplasts.

Autogenous bone is considered to be the gold standard in grafting because it is osteogenic in nature, osteoinductive , osteoconductive and immunologically safe The autogenous bone can be harvested intraorally from the chin area, mandibular ramus, retromolar area, maxillary tuberosity, Coronoid process, zygomatic bone or palatal and mandibular tori if present . Intraoral harvesting has the advantage of good access and no need for hospitalization but the main disadvantage is the donor site morbidity and the small amount of harvested bone. Extraoral harvesting sites include the ilium, calvarium, ribs, tibia and fibula. Extraoral harvesting solved the problem of the limited amount of harvested bone graft but the main disadvantages are the need of hospitalization, performing the harvesting procedure under general anesthesia and high morbidity due to the second surgical site Recently, tissue engineering has been used for bone regeneration so called bone tissue engineering (BTE) which aims to combine the progenitor cells to differentiate into osteoblasts, growth factors needed for regenerative process and osteoconductive scaffolds for therapeutic applications. BTE involves harvesting osteogenic cells from an autologous harvesting site ( bone marrow or adipose tissue) and/or ex vivo amplification and seeding the scaffold with cells for in vivo implantation aiming to replicate the properties of autogenous bone and decrease the need for invasive harvesting Bone marrow contains a heterogenous population of progenitor cells such as Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC),hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and endothelial progenitor cells in addition to several growth factors, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b), and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and BMP-7, which are known to have anabolic and anti-inflammatory effects. Concentration of the mononuclear cell fraction (MNC) of bone marrow aspirate ( which includes MSCs) by density gradient centrifugation process to remove erythrocytes, granulocytes, platelets and immature myeloid precursors to form Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) is considered important step in BTE. .

Many clinical studies proved the use of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate for treatment of osseous defects and cartilage defects due to the ability of MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondroblasts or adipocytes.

The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are highly biologically competent as they possess the ability to adhere on plastic (scaffolds) in vitro, form colony forming fibroblasts (CFU) and differentiate into mesenchyme lineages ( adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, tenocytes, myocytes) in addition to their potential of self renewal and promotion of hematopoiesis. Also, they suppress alloresponse after transplantation .

Scaffolds are support structures used in tissue engineering to allow 3D growth of cells in an organized way and can be classified into natural (such as collagen plug) , synthetic aliphatic polyesters such as polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polylactic acid (PLA) and their copolymers and derivatives and composite scaffold which are made by combining bioceramics with polymers or xenogenic biomaterials together with bioceramics or polymers .

Conditions

Bone Loss in Jaw; Edentulous Alveolar Ridge

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Intervention Group

Ridge augmentation of horizontally deficient alveolar ridge in aesthetic zone by BMAC on PCL scaffold

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

BMAC on PCL Scaffold

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Horizontal ridge augmentation in aesthetic zone by using bone marrow aspirate concentrate on PCL scaffold

Interventions

BMAC on PCL Scaffold

Horizontal ridge augmentation in aesthetic zone by using bone marrow aspirate concentrate on PCL scaffold

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Patient who require horizontal ridge augmentation in the aesthetic zone (Maxillary anterior and premolar area) with defect size of one or two lost teeth.
• Patients in the age range of 18 years and above.
• ASA physical status I and II.
• Patients willing to be a part of the study and ready to give their consent in writing for the same.

Exclusion Criteria

• Local criteria:

• Untreated gingivitis, periodontitis.
• Insufficient oral hygiene.
• Previous radiation therapy the head and neck neoplasia, or bone augmentation to implant site.

Systemic criteria:

• Systemic disorders.
• Smoking.
• Bone pathology.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 50 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Cairo University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Alaa Aly Hassan Fouad

Resident doctor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo university

Cairo, , Egypt

Countries

Egypt

References

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Other Identifiers

BMAC 3D PCL

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id