Leg Length Discrepancy and Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Clinical and Radiological Characteristics

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

47 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-01-06

Study Completion Date

2021-01-30

Brief Summary

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The aim of this retrospective study is to present clinical and radiological features and their relationships for differentiating functional scoliosis due to LLD and LLD concurrent with AIS.

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Detailed Description

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This study was conducted as a single-center retrospective comparative study on 47 consecutive scoliosis patients detected LLD, aged 10-18 years, between 2018 and 2020. The scoliosis patients with a diagnosis of structural LLD were divided into two groups according to whether there was a concurrent AIS diagnosis or not. Demographic data were recorded. Limb length was clinically measured by direct, indirect evaluation method and new LLD-Scoliometer Test. Cobb degree, axial rotation, internal/external pelvic obliquity and LLD were obtained from posteroanterior spine radiographs measured by two blinded orthopaedic spine surgeons.

Conditions

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Leg Length Inequality Scoliosis Pelvic Obliquity

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

CASE_CONTROL

Study Time Perspective

RETROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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LLD group

Patients who have functional scoliosis due to structural LLD

Leg Length Discrepancy Scoliometer Test

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

A scoliometer used as an indirect and quantitative method to evaluate LLD for the first time in this study, and described it as "Leg Length Discrepancy Scoliometer Test". Scoliometer were used on Adams' forward bending position and the level of the pelvis accepted as equal when the scoliometer degree pointed zero on the sacral basis (angle of trunk rotation on sacrum). When considering pelvis level is high on the longer side and is low on the shorter side, if the angle of the scoliometer on the sacrum is negative (slope to the left), the left extremity was considered as shorter. In order to determine its correlation with an indirect method, scoliometer degree on the sacral basis was recorded then wooden blocks were added to the unequal leg side on the sacral basis until the pelvic equality was achieved on the scoliometer. Afterward, a correlation between the first measurement of ATRsacrum and the height of the wooden block which provides ATRsacrum to reach zero was investigated.

LLD concurrent with AIS

Patients who have structural LLD concurrent with AIS

Leg Length Discrepancy Scoliometer Test

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

A scoliometer used as an indirect and quantitative method to evaluate LLD for the first time in this study, and described it as "Leg Length Discrepancy Scoliometer Test". Scoliometer were used on Adams' forward bending position and the level of the pelvis accepted as equal when the scoliometer degree pointed zero on the sacral basis (angle of trunk rotation on sacrum). When considering pelvis level is high on the longer side and is low on the shorter side, if the angle of the scoliometer on the sacrum is negative (slope to the left), the left extremity was considered as shorter. In order to determine its correlation with an indirect method, scoliometer degree on the sacral basis was recorded then wooden blocks were added to the unequal leg side on the sacral basis until the pelvic equality was achieved on the scoliometer. Afterward, a correlation between the first measurement of ATRsacrum and the height of the wooden block which provides ATRsacrum to reach zero was investigated.

Interventions

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Leg Length Discrepancy Scoliometer Test

A scoliometer used as an indirect and quantitative method to evaluate LLD for the first time in this study, and described it as "Leg Length Discrepancy Scoliometer Test". Scoliometer were used on Adams' forward bending position and the level of the pelvis accepted as equal when the scoliometer degree pointed zero on the sacral basis (angle of trunk rotation on sacrum). When considering pelvis level is high on the longer side and is low on the shorter side, if the angle of the scoliometer on the sacrum is negative (slope to the left), the left extremity was considered as shorter. In order to determine its correlation with an indirect method, scoliometer degree on the sacral basis was recorded then wooden blocks were added to the unequal leg side on the sacral basis until the pelvic equality was achieved on the scoliometer. Afterward, a correlation between the first measurement of ATRsacrum and the height of the wooden block which provides ATRsacrum to reach zero was investigated.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Between December 2018-2020
* Scoliotic patients, who detected LLD
* Ages 10 to 18 years
* Patients who have two or more clinical records at least 6 months apart
* Who accepted to participate in the study.